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Query: UMLS:C0011570 (depression)
 172,036 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Olfactory hallucinations are rarely mentioned as a symptom of depressive disorder. This paper presents a review of the literature including a conceptual clarification and epidemiological aspects with an emphasis on the significance of olfactory hallucinations for psychopathology, in particular with respect to sensory perception and body self-awareness. The close relation to the olfactory reference syndrome is pointed at. Olfactory hallucinations are considered important for the biological interpretation of affective disorders. In this regard disturbed olfactory perception can be understood as an example of disturbed brain function in the state of depression. Olfactory symptoms are shown to be elements connecting primary affective disorders with other neuropsychiatric diseases as well as with neuroanatomical and neurophysiological models. A primary role is accordingly attributed to the temporal lobe epilepsies in which olfactory hallucinations as well as affective disturbances occur. The need for further investigation in this field is pointed out.
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PMID:[Olfactory hallucinations in depression]. 822 50

Olfactory hallucinations (OH) are experienced by a substantial minority of people with schizophrenia, often leading to social anxiety, depression and suffering. Yet, despite their prevalence and clinical significance, OH in schizophrenia are under-researched and poorly understood, with scarce information about potential treatments. To address this gap in the literature, the author describes a case report of successfully using Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy for psychosis (CBTp) to address OH, related delusions, as well as mood and social functioning difficulties in a male patient with schizophrenia. The results provide preliminary support for the feasibility and effectiveness of using CBTp to address OH and related delusions in individuals with schizophrenia.
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PMID:Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy for Olfactory Hallucinations and Associated Delusions: A Case Report. 2705 9

We assessed the frequency, duration, and degree of unpleasantness of olfactory hallucinations in Alzheimer's disease (AD). Informants of 31 AD patients were invited to rate the frequency, duration, and degree of unpleasantness of olfactory, auditory, and visual hallucinations. Analysis demonstrated little occurrence of olfactory hallucinations compared with auditory or visual hallucinations. Results also demonstrated that olfactory hallucinations span from a few seconds to one minute, a duration that was similar to that of auditory and visual hallucinations. Olfactory hallucinations were rated as unpleasant compared with auditory or visual hallucinations. Finally, olfactory hallucinations were significantly correlated with depression. Our findings demonstrate little occurrence of olfactory hallucinations but that when they occur, they are experienced as relatively unpleasant in AD patients. Our findings also demonstrate a relationship between olfactory hallucinations and psychiatric characteristics (i.e., depression) in AD.
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PMID:Olfactory hallucinations in Alzheimer's disease. 3298 66