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Query: UMLS:C0011570 (depression)
 172,036 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A distinctive pattern of clinical change during eight affective episodes is reported in a rapidly cycling manic-depressive patient. After a rapid switch to near maximal intensity of affective symptoms, slow changes in symptomatology were documented by significant slopes and correlation coefficients over the course of each episode. Decreases in depression, anxiety, drowsiness, helplessness/hopelessness, anger, and sadness preceded the switches into mania; decreases in mania, euphoria, seeking others, and talking preceded the switches into depression. Psychologically important events appeared to regularly precede rapid mood switches. It is suggested that the consistent, slow clinical changes which occur during affective episodes may reflect part of an underlying rhthmic biological process and that environment events may be capable of triggering a final common pathway for the mood switch during a vulnerable period.
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PMID:Slow and rapid psychobiological alterations in a manic-depressive patient: clinical phenomenology. 83 12

One hundred fifty-four suicide attempters, threateners, and psychiatric controls were rated on suicide intent scales and given tests to assess hopelessness, depression and self-rated suicide risk. Ninety-four subjects were retested one month later. Both hopelessness and depression were significantly greater in suicidal subjects. In threatenets, hopelessness and depression scores differed significantly between high and low suicide intent subjects. In attempters ranked by suicide intent at time of testing, more and less suicidal subjects differed significantly in hopelessness and depression scores. Both depression and hopelessness were sensitive to changes in suicide risk during the one-month follow-up. In all analyses, hopelessness correlated more highly with suicide intent than did depression. The data were regarded as supporting the hypothesis that hopelessness is more closely related to suicide intent than is depression.
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PMID:Hopelessness, depression, and suicide intent. 96 91

Suicide is seldom, if ever, a comfortable subject to deal with. Medical school curricula, for various reasons, are too often unable to include the subject in a useful way, and consequently physicians feel unprepared when confronted with a severely depressed or desperate patient in practice. In addition, suicide is an unsettling reality because it relects and reminds us of our own frailty and humanity. Nearly everyone has had an experience of depression or some fleeting thought of suicide at some time in his life. Growing up can often be almost unbearably painful at certain times during adolescence. Middle age inevitably brings with it losses, possibly of loved ones, and with this uncertainties about whether it is really all worth the effort. And as age advances, health and vigor and aspirations slowly depart. Exactly when, at times of crisis such as these, suicidal thoughts take over and lead to action is difficult to define, but the physician must always be prepared for this possibility. Factors have been described which may be useful in alerting the physician to the possibility of suicide. Physical illness may give rise to feelings of hopelessness to which the physician must stay attuned; the patient may also use physical illness as a pretext for seeking help for deeper things that trouble him. As Havens points out, neither reassurance, nor criticism, nor abbreviating the interview will help the situation of a desperate patient. Clarification of the patient's feelings and thoughts are mandatory. Psychiatric consultation can be an important adjunct in achieving this goal and may at times be life saving.
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PMID:Evaluating suicidal risk. 104 88

A group of depressed women treated with amitriptyline was studied with particular attention to the speed of response in different symptoms of depression and in psychotic as compared to neurotic depressives. The findings showed rapid improvement in suicidal feelings, insomnia, and anorexia, but slower and more gradual improvement in impaired work and interests, retardation and pessimism and hopelessness. Psychotic depressives did not show substantial improvement until the third week of treatment whereas neurotic depressives improved markedly within the first week. It is suggested that the psychotic classification may be more useful as a predictor of speed of response than as a predictor of final treatment outcome.
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PMID:Rapidity of symptom reduction in depressions treated with amitriptyline. 111 90

The authors administered measures of depression, hopelessness, and strength of suicidal intent to a sample of 112 suicide attempters. The results for the 55 subjects diagnosed as depressive and admitted within 72 hours after their attempt were compared with results obtained by Minkoff and associates using comparable measures. Contrary to the findings of the earlier study, there was a lower correlation between hopelessness and intent than between depression and intent. The authors suggest that demographic differences between the two samples may provide explanations for this descrepancy, in the that they reflect the presence or absence of external societal supports that may influence the suicidogenic potential of hopelessness.
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PMID:Hopelessness and attempted suicide: a reconsideration. 115 33

Patients' reasons for their suicide attempts were categorized and related to levels of hopelessness and depression. The findings are discussed in the light of the psychotherapy of suicidal individuals.
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PMID:The use of suicidal motives in the psychotherapy of attempted suicides. 116 91

In a sample of 87 hospitalized suicide attempters, a hopelessness scale was found to be significantly better than a depression inventory as an indicator of suicidal risk. Hopelessness also correlated better than depression with self-ratings of the attenuation of the desire to go on living.
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PMID:Hopelessness: an indicator of suicidal risk. 122 78

114 patients with permanent colostomy for carcinoma of the rectum were compared by questionnaire and interview with 110 cancer patients, having undergone colonic resection but not bearing a colostomy. The patients' own assessment of their health was for the colostomy group even better than for the controls. The emotional state before and after surgery showed significant degrees of hopelessness, depressions and fear especially for young women awaiting colostomy. Social contacts were considered as far as visits of friends or cinema, theatre are concerned. Sexual activity decreased significantly for 75% of colostomized men. In 40% organic lesions led to impotence. The Giessen test revealed significant rates of social impotence, negative social resonance and depression for men with colostoma.
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PMID:Results of psychosocial adjustment to long-term colostomy. 123 60

The relation of hopelessness to levels of depression and suicidal intent was explored both psychometrically and clinically. The results of an investigation of 384 suicide attempters support previous reports that hopelessness is the key variable linking depression to suicidal behavior. This finding has direct implications for the therapy of suicidal individuals. By focusing on reducing the sources of a patient's hopelessness, the professional may be able to alleviate suicidal crises more effectively than in the past.
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PMID:Hopelessness and suicidal behavior. An overview. 124 27

Ninety-four Ss (28 attempters, 32 threateners and 34 psychiatric controls) rated 10 concepts twice 1 month apart. Extreme rating scores and factor (attitude) scores were derived from the ratings. Suicidal Ss made no more use of extreme ratings than did control Ss. Highly suicidal Ss did not differ from less suicidal Ss in extremeness of ratings. Suicidal Ss did report less favorable attitudes to the concepts life and myself and more favorable attitudes toward suicide. Highly suicidal Ss could be differentiated from less suicidal Ss on these concepts. Contrary to the theory of Neuringer and Lettieri, it was suggested that suicidal Ss do not show a general difference in cognitive style from other psychiatric patients. Concept rated and direction of rating are crucial. Significant changes in ratings occurred over time in conjunction with hopelessness, depression and self-rated suicide intent. It was suggested that these changes indicate that the ratings are a function of a state, rather than a stable trait.
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PMID:Semantic differential ratings of concepts and suicide intent. 124 31


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