Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0011570 (depression)
 172,036 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Using data from a 16-year follow-up of a nationally representative sample of 6,913 adults, measures of depressive symptoms were used to predict psychiatric diagnoses taken from hospitalization records. In proportional hazards analyses, two measures of depression were significantly associated with subsequent diagnoses of depression and other psychiatric disorders after statistical control for demographic variables and previous history of psychological problems. Depressive symptoms predicted late as well as early occurrence of psychiatric diagnoses and showed a pattern of increasing risk with increasing scores, even below clinical cutoffs. This pattern of results is consistent with the view that depressive symptoms predict future psychiatric disorders largely because they serve as proxy measures of some chronic vulnerability, such as the normal personality dimension of neuroticism.
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PMID:Depressive symptoms as a nonspecific, graded risk for psychiatric diagnoses. 828 22

A 40-year-old woman suffering from major depression with psychotic features was unresponsive to conventional therapy. After the administration of a wide range of drug treatments and ECT, she received clozapine. Depressive symptoms improved and psychotic features disappeared. It is suggested that clozapine could be efficient in psychotic refractory depression.
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PMID:Clozapine in the treatment of psychotic refractory depression. 830 30

Ten patients who developed a major depressive episode in association with vigabatrin treatment for intractable epilepsy are reported. The depression usually occurred early in the course of treatment, but when delayed followed a recent increase in dose. Depressive symptoms occurred at doses varying between 1.5 g and 4 g a day, often but not always when patients were experiencing a decrease in their seizure frequency. Most patients had a history of affective disturbance, sometimes in association with other GABAergic drugs. The observations support a possible role for GABAergic mechanisms in the biology of mood disorders.
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PMID:Vigabatrin and depression. 835 Jan 15

This study was undertaken to determine the extent and nature of depressive symptoms exhibited by black South African children during hospitalisation for orthopaedic procedures. Social factors associated with the risk for depression, in response to hospitalisation, were also examined. Pre- and post-test assessments were conducted on a sample of 30 children, aged between 6 and 12 years. The assessment entailed a structured interview, together with the following psychometric instruments: A Global Mood Scale, a Depressive Symptoms Checklist, a Hospital Fears Rating Scale and a Self Report Depression Rating Scale. A large proportion of the children were rated by ward sisters as showing high levels of depressive symptomatology two weeks after admission to hospital. As expected, discrepancies were found between adult and child self-ratings of depression. The results of this study indicate that hospitalisation for orthopaedic child patients is associated with the development of depressive symptomatology. It is suggested that emphasis be placed on the development of supportive programmes and procedures aimed at maximising children's coping responses to hospitalisation, particularly for children who find themselves isolated from their communities and families, as a result of both centralised health services and poor socio-economic conditions.
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PMID:Depressive symptomatology in hospitalised children. 837 10

Four groups of women were compared in terms of their perimenstrual symptoms, reported menstrual blood loss and period pain, and neuroticism scores: three patient groups were referred to a Gynaecology Outpatient Clinic because of menorrhagia (N = 101), PMS (N = 104), dysmenorrhea (N = 56), and a control group (N = 105). The three patient groups showed considerable overlap in a number of symptoms. This has led us to postulate three factors contributing to perimenstrual complaints: a) a 'timing factor' linked to the ovarian cycle; b) a 'menstruation factor,' associated with the buildup of the endometrium and its shedding; and c) a 'vulnerability factor,' one aspect of which, 'neuroticism,' was measured in this study. Depressive symptoms, which were the most important in leading women to seek help for their PMS, were related to all three factors. Depressive mood changes seemed to be linked to the 'timing factor' but were noticeably worse and more prolonged in women with high neuroticism, heavy bleeding, or severe pain. One premenstrual symptom, food craving, was of considerable interest. This was weakly related to neuroticism, not apparently affected by the 'menstruation factor' and differed in severity between those in the PMS group and the other three groups. It is potentially relevant that both carbohydrate craving and depression are linked to serotonergic changes in the brain, which may prove to be particularly marked in the late luteal phase.
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PMID:Perimenstrual complaints in women complaining of PMS, menorrhagia, and dysmenorrhea: toward a dismantling of the premenstrual syndrome. 847 27

A cross-sectional survey of 304 young women about to undergo a 1st-trimester abortion at a Virginia clinic revealed a significant association between a pre-abortion depressive response and dissatisfaction with family relationships. The mean age of study participants was 24.3 years (range: 14-43 years); 83% were unmarried and 41% were Black. Depressive symptoms were measured by an abbreviated version of the Center for Epidemiologic Studies-Depression Scale (CES-D), while dissatisfaction with family relationships was assessed through use of the Family APGAR test. A researcher-designed questionnaire provided data on sociodemographic factors. The mean CES-D score was 16.82 (maximum possible score, 36), and the mean Family APGAR score was 6.63 (maximum possible, 10). Bivariate analysis revealed highly significant (p 0.001) associations between CES-D scores and Family APGAR scores, young age, lower educational attainment, and denial regarding the reality of the pregnancy. Also significantly correlated (p 0.01) with depression were poor subjective physical health and being unmarried. Lesser but significant (p 0.05) associations were found between depression and problems communicating with one's male partner, contraceptive use, dissatisfaction with the abortion decision, and the experience of symptoms of pregnancy. Multiple regression analysis indicated that increased depressive symptoms were independently predicted by low Family AGAR scores, young age, communication problems with the male partner, pregnancy symptoms, contraceptive use, and denial. The variables analyzed explained 25% of the variance in CES-D scores. Although long-term psychological adjustment to induced abortion is generally positive, over 50% of women are estimated to experience depressive symptoms prior to the procedure--a phenomenon that has not received adequate attention from family practitioners. Since problematic family relationships are often concealed from physicians, supportive exploration of the possibility of underlying family dysfunction should become a part of pre-abortion health care.
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PMID:Family relationships and depressive symptoms preceding induced abortion. 851 96

The frequency of depression was assessed in 43 chronic schizophrenic patients during an acute exacerbation phase of schizophrenia. The dexamethasone suppression test was administered to all patients. Depressive symptomatology showed a prevalence from 16.3% for moderate symptoms to 23.3% for mild ones. Depressive symptoms occurred concurrently with the psychotic picture and resolved as the psychosis remitted. Depressive symptoms were not relative to age, sex, duration of illness, DST cortisol levels, drug dosages and extrapyramidal side effects while basal cortisol levels were negatively correlated with basal Hamilton score.
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PMID:Depressive symptoms and schizophrenia a psychopharmacological approach. 852 64

This paper discusses the findings in the 1012 55-year-old inhabitants of Oulu (a medium-sized Finnish town), 780 of whom (77%) were examined. The purpose was to determine the possible associations between depressive symptoms and subjective and clinical symptoms of the temporomandibular joint pain and dysfunction syndrome (PDS). The PDS symptoms were determined using Helkimo's Clinical Dysfunction Index. Depressive symptoms in 768 subjects were determined using Zung's self-rating depression scale. The prevalences of high rates of depressive symptoms, subjective symptoms of PDS, and clinical symptoms of PDS in the population were 12.2%, 12.0%, and 4.9%, respectively. Subjective symptoms of PDS were more common in depressed dentate men and women than in nondepressed dentate men and women. There was a significantly higher prevalence of subjective symptoms of PDS in depressed edentulous women than in nondepressed edentulous women. There were significantly more moderate or severe clinical symptoms of PDS in depressed dentate women than in nondepressed dentate women. A similar trend was seen in dentate men. An integrated approach is of crucial importance in the diagnosis and treatment of depression and the temporomandibular joint pain and dysfunction syndrome.
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PMID:Depressive symptoms associated with symptoms of the temporomandibular joint pain and dysfunction syndrome. 855 34

The relationship between physical attractiveness and symptoms of depression was investigated in a general population simple of 1,100 female twins. Photographs were rated by 4 raters. Symptoms of depression were measured by the Depression sub-scale of the SCL-54, by a self-rating based on the DSM-III-R, and by an MD diagnosis based on a structured interview (SCID). No relationships between ratings of physical attractiveness and symptoms of depression were found.
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PMID:The independence of physical attractiveness and symptoms of depression in a female twin population. 863 8

In 49 patients receiving continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis, we assessed the relative influences of adequacy of dialysis (assessed by kinetic transfer/volume urea) and psychological symptoms (depression and anxiety) upon the patients' evaluation of their overall quality of life (QoL). Subjects completed self-rating forms for anxiety, depressive, and somatic symptoms, for discrete areas relevant to QoL, and for overall QoL; clinicians also rated QoL. Depressive symptoms proved a much stronger correlate of overall QoL than did the biochemical measure of dialysis adequacy, and they remained influential even after adjustment for anxiety, kinetic transfer/volume, and somatic symptoms. In contrast, the effects of kinetic transfer/volume, anxiety symptoms, and somatic symptoms dropped sharply when adjusted for the other variables. Because psychological (especially depressive) symptoms may be stronger determinants of patients' overall QoL than is adequacy of dialysis, assessing QoL and psychological status should be part of the care of end-stage renal disease patients.
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PMID:Quality of life in peritoneal dialysis patients. 864 87


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