Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0011570 (depression)
 172,036 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Classical symptoms and signs common to most pulmonary diseases, such as dyspnea, cough, chest pain and cyanosis, are reviewed to assess their significance for diagnosis and evaluation of the degree of impairment in acute respiratory failure. While frequently useful for diagnosis, they are often inadequate to determine the degree of emergency. In each particular etiology other information is needed to obtain an objective and quantitative assessment. Two examples selected for their frequency are considered: barbiturate intoxication and severe exacerbations of asthma. The severity of barbiturate poisoning can be assessed clinically in the light of the degree of central nervous depression. Classical signs and wheezing are poorly correlated with the intensity of acute asthmatic attacks, but high-risk patients can be identified by seeking neglected physical findings such as pulsus paradoxus and sternomastoid muscle contraction. In many other pulmonary emergencies further studies are required to assess the usefulness of various clinical signs as objective indices of the severity of respiratory impairment.
 ...
PMID:[Various aspects of respiratory emergencies in non-hospital practice]. 53 46

A 44-year-old man with Menetrier's disease associated with protein-losing gastropathy and with abnormal serum complement profile is reported. He was treated by an antifibrinolytic compound tranexamic acid (trans-AMCHA) since he was found to have elevated fibrinolytic activity in the biopsied gastric mucosa. The therapy brought his serum protein from 3.8 g/dl to 5.6g/dl, however could not reduce his mucosal disorder. Substitution of a placebo for trans-AMCHA resulted in marked depression of his serum protein to 3.7 g/dl. It was concluded that trans-AMCHA was effective in raising his serum protein to a certain extent but failed to block the vicious circle of "mucosal disorder", "increased tissue fibrinolysis" and "hypoproteinemia" (Kondo, M. et al. Gastroenterology 70, 1045, 1976). Abnormal serum complement profile seen in this patient was found to be due to cold activation of the classical complement pathway (Kondo, M. et al. J. Immunol. 117, 486, 1976). Although no correlation between the phenomenon and Menetrier's disease has been clarified yet, the appearance of wheezing as in asthma when exposed to cold suggested that cold activation of complement occurred in vivo and resulted in increasing of the vascular permeability in the lungs.
 ...
PMID:A case of Menetrier's disease associated with protein-losing gastropathy and abnormal serum complement profile. 71 Aug 25

The purpose of this study was to compare psychologic and physiologic variables during intense dyspnea to those at times of no or low dyspnea in people with asthma. Thirty-six adults ranging from 19 to 76 years old were tested when they first came to the emergency department in acute dyspnea and again when they had no or low dyspnea just prior to discharge. Clinical signs found to be higher during high dyspnea than low dyspnea were respiratory rate, pulse, wheezing, and accessory muscle use. Peak expiratory flow rates and oxygen saturation were significantly lower, while anxiety, depression, somatization, and hostility were higher during times of high dyspnea. The panic/fear, fatigue, dyspnea, hyperventilation/hypocapnia, congestion, and rapid breathing subscales of the Asthma Symptom Checklist were also higher during high dyspnea compared to low dyspnea.
 ...
PMID:Psychologic and physiologic aspects of acute dyspnea in asthmatics. 185 43

The contribution of parental smoking to wheezing in children was studied in a subset of all British births between April 5 and 11, 1970 (N = 9,670). Children of smoking mothers had an 18.0 per cent cumulative incidence of post-infancy wheezing through 10 years of age, compared with 16.2 per cent among children of nonsmoking mothers (risk ratio 1.11, 95% CI: 1.02, 1.21). This difference was confined to wheezing attributed to wheezy bronchitis, of which children of smokers had 7.4 per cent, and those of nonsmokers had 5.2 per cent (risk ratio 1.44, 95% CI: 1.24, 1.68). The incidence of wheezy bronchitis increased as mothers smoked more cigarettes. After multiple logistic regression analysis was used to control for paternal smoking, social status, sex, family allergy, crowding, breast-feeding, gas cooking and heating, and bedroom dampness, the association of maternal smoking with childhood wheezy bronchitis persisted. Some of this effect was explained by maternal respiratory symptoms and maternal depression, but not by neonatal problems, the child's allergic symptoms, or paternal respiratory symptoms. There was a 14 per cent increase in childhood wheezy bronchitis when mothers smoked over four cigarettes per day, and a 49 per cent increase when mothers smoked over 14 cigarettes daily.
 ...
PMID:Parental smoking and post-infancy wheezing in children: a prospective cohort study. 278 39

Chloral hydrate is commonly used to sedate infants for pulmonary function tests and other investigations. However, sedation is generally not recommended for infants with acute wheezing illnesses. The commonly used dose range exceeds the maximum recommended dose; however, the effects of this dosage regimen during pulmonary function testing have not been studied. The present study shows that 70-100 mg/kg of chloral hydrate, a dose commonly used to sedate infants for pulmonary function testing, causes a fall in arterial oxygen saturation and a decrease in clinical score of infants recovering from acute viral bronchiolitis, but not in infants with clinically stable cystic fibrosis. These findings suggest that wheezy infants with baseline SaO2 less than or equal to 94% are more susceptible to central respiratory depression following sedation with chloral hydrate. The results of the present study raise serious doubts about the advisability of sedation with chloral hydrate, in the currently used doses, in wheezy infants.
 ...
PMID:Effect of chloral hydrate on arterial oxygen saturation in wheezy infants. 322 57

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the relationship between neuroendocrine function and the beta receptor activity of the lung in a group of 47 pediatric patients with bronchial asthma. It is postulated that since hypothalamic norepinephrine (NE) is known to inhibit corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH), an increase in brain NE as measured by its metabolite 3-methoxy-4-hydroxy-phenylglycol (MHPG) could reflect the depression of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis as measured by urinary cortisol levels. Further, since cortisol influences epinephrine formation in the adrenal medulla and since cortisol and epinephrine contribute to beta receptor function, it is further postulated that an increase in brain NE by depressing the HPA axis could thereby, cause a relative decrease in both cortisol and epinephrine with resultant beta receptor dysfunction. In both age groups, the 3- to 11-year-olds and the adolescents, differences in NE were found among the three subgroups (P = .003) with the difference observed only between the wheezing (decreased NE) and control groups (P less than .05). There was a similar difference in MHPG (elevated) among these groups. In a similar manner, the MHPG/NE ratios (elevated) were statistically different in comparing the three groups in the 3- to 11-year-old range. In the adolescent group both the wheezing and nonwheezing groups were comparably elevated and showed statistically significant differences from their controls. The results of this study appear to support the hypothesis and suggests that brain NE may play a pivotal role in the beta-adrenergic dysfunction characteristic of bronchial asthma.
 ...
PMID:Brain norepinephrine: a possible role in bronchial asthma. 335 38

We have obtained physiologic and psychiatric evaluations on five subjects with episodic laryngeal dyskinesia (LD) and compared them with three patients with expiratory laryngeal stridor and asthma (ELS), and five with chronic asthma (CA). Laryngoscopy confirmed adduction of the vocal cords. Diminished inspiratory flow rates with an expiratory/inspiratory ratio of 1.5 to 3.3 was demonstrated by flow volume studies. Flows improved strikingly while breathing an 80 percent helium/20 percent oxygen mixture. Patients with LD showed varying degrees of depression and sought some form of secondary gain. A histrionic personality, conversion or factitious disorders are not an essential part of this syndrome. Tracheostomy may seldom be necessary in the managing of the acute crisis of LD. Reassurance, oxygen, intermittent positive pressure, and sedation may be sufficient. Mildly depressed patients decreased the frequency and severity of wheezing episodes after receiving reassurance and a clear explanation of ventilatory mechanics.
 ...
PMID:Episodic laryngeal dyskinesia. Clinical and psychiatric characterization. 376 75

Biological hypersensitivity is the fundamental feature of atopy, and patients suffering from this syndrome are characterized by their ability to produce high levels of IgE in response to low amounts of antigen. This hypersensitivity results in a range of acute and chronic diseases, such as asthma, rhinitis, allergic conjunctivitis and atopic dermatitis. In addition to their biological effects, these diseases may have psychological consequences in terms of stress, anxiety or depression. However, atopic patients, far from displaying a typical depressive psychological profile, are characterized by their increased emotional sensitivity. Atopic individuals alert us to the presence of allergens but perhaps they also indicate something about our way of life. Are the symptoms displayed by allergic patients, their wheezing, sneezing or itching skin, more than a simple biological response?
 ...
PMID:Psychology of the allergic patient. 854 76

The aim of this investigation was to study the relationship between psychologic status and respiratory health. The study comprised 715 persons aged 22 to 44 who participated in the European Commission Respiratory Health Survey. The study included a structural interview, spirometry, methacholine challenge, peak flow diary, skin prick test, and measurement of eosinophil activity in peripheral blood. The psychologic status was assessed by means of the hospital anxiety and depression (HAD) scale questionnaire. A significant correlation was found between anxiety and depression and the report of asthma-related symptoms, such as attacks of breathlessness after activity and waking with attacks of breathlessness (p < 0.01). However, there was no significant correlation between anxiety or depression and a self-reported diagnosis of asthma or objective asthma-related variables, such as peak flow variability or response to methacholine. When evaluating the combined influence of psychologic factors and objective variables, HAD score correlated independently with reported wheezing (p < 0.05), waking with attacks of breathlessness (p < 0.01), waking with chest tightness, attacks of breathlessness when at rest, and attacks of breathlessness after activity (p < 0.001). We conclude that there is an association between reported respiratory symptoms and psychologic status. However, there was no evidence that patients with diagnosed bronchial asthma had more anxiety and depression than those without asthma. This result indicates that it may be valuable to include psychologic status indicators in respiratory symptom questionnaires.
 ...
PMID:Anxiety and depression in relation to respiratory symptoms and asthma. 814 58

Using male ICR mice, the LC50 and acute and subacute inhalation toxicity of dichlorosilane (SiH2Cl2, DCS) and the fate of DCS released into the air were investigated. DCS resolved and minute particles including silicon and chloride were observed, when DCS was released into the air. Most particles were under 1 micron in diameter. The LC50 of DCS at 4-h exposure was 144 ppm (nominal concentration). In the acute inhalation study, ten mice in each group were exposed to 64 ppm (nominal concentration) DCS for 1, 2, 4 or 8 h. Body weight loss, wheezing and piloerection were observed in mice exposed for 2 h or more. Histopathologically, injury to the nasal mucosa and trachea were observed in all exposed mice. Mice exposed to 32 ppm (nominal concentration) DCS for 2 or 4 weeks also exhibited depression of body weight gain, wheezing and piloerection. Squamous metaplasia of the nasal mucosa and tracheal epithelium was observed in both 2- and 4-week exposure groups. Exposure to DCS was irritant or corrosive to the respiratory tract with both acute and subacute inhalation. Apart from silane (SiH4), toxic effects of DCS seem to be characterized by chloride compounds derived from DCS.
 ...
PMID:Acute and subacute inhalation toxicity of dichlorosilane in male ICR mice. 882 80


1 2 3 Next >>