Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0011570 (depression)
 172,036 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Adriamycin was administered to 60 adults and 21 children by 3 different dosage schedules: 22.5 mg/sq m (0.6 mg/kg) daily for 4 days, 15 mg/sq m (0.4 mg/kg) every 8 hr for a total of 6 doses, and 50 to 120 mg/sq m as a single dose every 3 to 4 weeks. Objective responses lasting more than 1 month occurred in 5 subjects with acute leukemias or lymphoma, 3 with transitional cell carcinomas, 2 with sarcomas, 2 with Ewing's sarcoma and 1 each with bronchogenic carcinoma, orchidoblastoma, and thymoma. Toxic reactions included nausea, vomiting, stomatitis, alopecia, and hematopoietic depression, but significant cardiac toxicity occurred in only 1 patient. Pharmacokinetic data, collected in 25 patients by fluorometric and chromatographic assay, suggested a biphasic plasma clearance of drug with initial and secondary half-lives of about 1.5 and 14 to 21 hr, respectively. When drug was given every 8 hr there was evidence of loss of an initial very rapid phase of distribution of adriamycin and its metabolites. Urinary excretion accounted for 3.4 to 38.1% of administered fluorescence over a 72-hr period; in the first 24 hr, between 48.2 and 100% of this urinary material was in the form of adriamycin; leter, this fraction declined. No adriamycin or its fluorescent metabolites could be extracted from the stools.
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PMID:Clinical effects and pharmacokinetics of different dosage schedules of adriamycin. 94 83

In 10 healthy male volunteers breathing 100% oxygen, we determined the effect of four intravenous dose levels of fentanyl (0.0015, 0.003, 0.006 and 0.009 mg/kg) and two of fentanyl plus droperidol (i.e., Innovar, 0.003 and 0.006 mg/kg of fentanyl with 2.5 mg of droperidol for each 0.05 mg of fentanyl) on PECO2 and the slope of the ventilatory response to imposed increases in PECO2. All doses of fentanyl and fentanyl plus droperidol depressed the slope and shifted the curve to the right. Depression was dose related and was maximum 5 minutes after administration. The slope returned to control by 2 hours postinjection even at the highest narcotic dose. However, the rightward shift of the CO2 response curve require 4 hours to return to control. Droperidol added to fentanyl did not increase or prolong the respiratory depression seen with fentanyl alone at equivalent dose levels. Nausea and emesis occurred more frequently with fentanyl alone and orthostatic hypotension occurred more frequently with droperidol plus fentanyl. Dysphoria was a prominent consequence of fentanyl plus droperidol administration.
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PMID:The magnitude and duration of respiratory depression produced by fentanyl and fentanyl plus droperidol in man. 97 96

The intravenous (i.v.) administration of 4 mug/kg 6-deoxy-6-dihydroazido-isomorphine (6-AM) base to healthy, young adult male volunteers caused no circulatory and relatively little, short-lasting respiratory depression. Of the ten volunteers all felt lightheaded, two became euphoric and when they became ambulatory at the end of the experiment, three vomited and two other became nauseated. The intramuscular (i.m.) administration of the same dose of 6-AM had considerable analgesic effect against various types of experimental pain. It was more effective against ischemic pain, than against pain induced by electrical stimulation of the earlobe or the tooth pulp and it effected severe pain more than mild or moderate pain. In the six subjects investigated, 6-AM produced significant myosis. Of the 16 subjects who received 4 mug/kg 6-AM i.m. five experienced mild euphoria, two felt lightheaded, six became pale and sweaty in the course of the experiments carried out in the sitting position. When they becam ambulatory after the completion of the experiments, two subjects vomited and six others became nauseated. The findings of this study indicate that 6-AM causes less circulatory and respiratory depression than is to be expected from equianalgetic doses of morphine. Its other side effects (e.g., nausea, vomiting) are also less frequent and severe than those encountered after the administration of comparable doses of morphine to ambulating volunteers.
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PMID:Clinical pharmacological studies with 6-azidomorphine. 101 77

The definition, etiology, and treatments for frigidity, dyspareunia, and dysmenorrhea are summarized. Frigidity is an absence or lack of sexual pleasure sometimes to the extent of lack of orgasm. It can be due to fear, unresolved oedipal complex, anger, or depression. Psychotherapy is helpful, with antidepressants if appropriate. Dyspareunia is vaginal pain during sexual relations, and derives from the same types of psychological problems as frigidity. Dysmenorrhea can be related to conscious or unconscious rejection of the role of woman or mother. It is treated by psychotherapy. The sexual problems that are relieved easily by physical techniques or education are minor, while those deep in the personality and sustained by psychological mechanisms are major. Female sexual dysfunctions related to the female role are frigidity, dyspareunia, and vaginismus; those associated with the maternal role are dysmenorrhea, amenorrhea, false pregnancy, vomiting in pregnancy, sterility, and sponaneous abortion.
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PMID:[Sexual dysfunctions of emotional origin in women]. 103 19

Of 53 salmonella serotypes isolated from dogs, S typhimurium and S anatum have been the most commonly isolated. Surveys have disclosed that over 20% of the dogs in a population may be infected. Simultaneous, multiple infections with 2 or more serotypes are not unusual. Nonclinical salmonellosis occurs in most cases. The severe form of the disease is manifested by diarrhea, vomiting, fever, depression, abortion, and death. Dogs may remain carriers and fecal shedders and thus serve as sources of salmonellosis for man and other animals. A number of documented transmissions from dogs to human beings have been recorded. Such infections in man have been severe.
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PMID:Canine salmonellosis: prevalence, epizootiology, signs, and public health significance. 110 2

A pilot study was conducted to determine the differences in frequency of physical complaints between 179 Black patients (112 oral contraceptive (OC) users and 67 IUD users) with sickle cell trait (AS) and those without AS. 6 physical complaint types were analyzed: dysmenorrhea; mental depression; vaginal discharge; fatigue; headaches; and nausea-vomiting. Out of 5690 Black patients with hemoglobin AA, 112 OC users and 67 IUD patients with similar age and parity were randomly selected to serve as controls. Cumulative complaint rates (CCR) were measured in comparing the experiences of AS and control patients in the 6 complaint categories. No significant differences between AS and control CCRs at level .05 for any of the 6 complaints were observed for both the OC and IUD groups. For OC users, AS patients reported higher CCR's than control patients for cramps and mental depression while for IUD users, AS patients had higher CCR's for mental depression. The relationship between OCs and mental depression is not clear yet, and further research would benefit AS patients. Another major concern for OC users is the possible development of hypercoagulable state with resultant thromboembolism. Also, evidence suggests that crisis, splenic infarction, and hematuria can develop in AS patients under special conditions; the role of OCs in enhancing the infarctive process in AS patients is not known and needs to be studied further. Further clinical research should also be done to determine the effect of contraception on dysmenorrhea and mental depression in AS patients. AS patients should be observed regularly.
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PMID:Physical complaints of patients with sickle cell trait. 112 75

In 70 patients (maxillo-facial-, neurosurgical-, abdominal- and gynaecological operations) the technique of "analgetic anaesthesia" using high doses of fentanyl (0.025 mg/kg body weight) and naloxone as its antagonist (0.02 mg/kg body weight) has been employed. All patients were artificially ventilated with N2O/O2 in a 3:1 ratio. Muscle relaxation was achieved with pancuronium-bromide (0.08 mg/kg). The patients had no apparent heart or lung disease. The youngest patient was 4 years of age, the oldest 82 years of age (average age 48.9). The necessity for a reinjection of fentanyl (half the initial dose) was determined by continously monitoring heart rate. This variable appeared to be the most subtle index indicating a reduction in analgesia. Sufficient analgesia was maintained once the heart rate stayed 20% below preanaesthetic levels. At the end of the operation naloxone reversed the respiratory depression. There was no evidence indicating postoperative pain, which may have required administration of additional analgesics. If deep analgesia was maintained up to the last surgical procedures no emesis appeared in the post operative period. The incidence of emesis was higher 10% compared to the classical neuroleptanalgesia with droperidol this was often noted in cases where blood accumulated in the stomach (maxillo-facial operations) (70%). In 3% of all cases psychomotor agitation with delirium appeared right after the injection of naloxone. This lasted for about 15 minutes. We suspect that due to the sudden and powerful effect of naxolone, in replacing fentanyl from its receptor site, acute withdrawal symptoms may be precipitated.
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PMID:[High doses of fentanyl as the sole anaesthetic agent and naloxone as its antagonist (author's transl)]. 113 60

A study of 405 patients revealed that the substitution of 0.1% trichloroethylene for 0.1% methoxyflurane in a previously established technique of anaesthesia led to no remarkable changes in the incidence of postoperative nausea, vomiting or headache. There was, however, an increase in the incidence of awareness from 3.5% to 5.1%. There was no significant difference in the Apgar scores (totals or individual components) or in the materno-foetal acid-base gradients at delivery between the Group A elective Caesarean section patients in the two series. In view of these findings, and of the relative freedom from toxicity and the inexpensiveness of trichloroethylene, a more general re-introduction of the drug into anaesthetic practice is advocated. The study also served to demonstrate that, using the technique described, the duration of the interval from induction of anaesthesia to the initial incision into the myometrium was, at least up to 30 min, of no significant import to the well-being of the infant, but that the time elapsing between uterine incision and complete delivery was directly and significantly associated with neonatal asphyxia and clinically-apparent depression of the infant.
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PMID:A return to trichloroethylene for obstetric anaesthesia. 113 59

Restovar, a low dose combined oral contraceptive containing .75 mg lynestrenol and 37.5 mcg ethinyl estradiol was given to 83 women for up to 25 cycles or 1265 total. A cycle contained 22 pills begun on the first day of menstruation or withdrawal bleeding from previous pill cycles. Each woman was questioned regularly on side effects and bleeding, had weight and blood pressure taken, and received gynecologic exams before and after pill treatment. There were no pregnancies. Latency from end of the cycle to bleeding was 2-3 days in 87%; cycles lasted 28 days in 80%; bleeding lasted 3-4 days in 84%; flow was moderate in 72%; and spotting occurred in 4.2% of cylces and breakthrough bleeding in 2.4%; withdrawal bleeding was absent in 4.2% of cycles. The most common side effects were breast pain in 1.9% of cycles and headaches in 1.2%. These complaints as well as nausea, vomiting, leucorrhea, nervousness and depression were reported as less frequent or absent more often than present or aggravated. 6 women quit for drug related reasons. There was no significant weight change or hypertension (means 126/82 and 120/80 before and during Restovar. Thus this low dose pill is remarkably effective and well tolerated.
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PMID:[Clinical study of restovar, an oral contraceptive with a low estrogen content]. 114 76

Pregnon is a new low-dosage ovulation-inhibiting agent containing 1 mg of lynestrenol and .05 mg of ethinyl estradiol in each tablet. It is also marketed under the name of Pregnon 28 or Ovostat 28 in which each package contains 22 active plus 6 placebo tablets. Data were collected from Belgian clinics and evaluated by the Medical Unit of Organon in Belgium and the Netherlands. During this study, 639 women of fertile age were monitored through 9159 cycles. The maximum period of treatment was 36 cycles. Clinical and gynecological examinations were made before treatment and then every 2 or 3 months. Treatment was begun by taking the 1st tablet on the 1st day of menstruation. After taking 22 tablets there was a 6-day tablet-free interval during which withdrawal bleeding usually occurred. The intensity of the withdrawal bleeding was normal in 57.3%, slight in 41.7%, and heavy in 1%. Spotting was noted in 3.1% of the cycles and breakthrough bleeding occurred in 2.9%. Usually they occurred in the first 3 cycles. Amenorrhea was observed in 2.9% of the cycles. Body weights were relatively unchanged. Blood pressures remained the same. Side effects were headache, nausea, vomiting, breast tenderness, heavy legs, leucorrhea, nervousness, depression, and decreased libido. Only 46 patients discontinued treatment because of these drug effects yielding an acceptability level of about 93%. Since no pregnancies occurred during this study, the Pearl index was 0.
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PMID:Clinical evaluation of a new oral contraceptive, 'Pregnon'. 114 83


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