Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0011570 (depression)
 172,036 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

An open-label, randomised, parallel-group, study was conducted in three study centres in women with premature labor and indication for a single agent intravenous tocolysis therapy with magnesium sulphate. The aim of this study was to examine the local and general tolerability and side-effects of magnesium sulphate for tocolysis. Furthermore, we tested the tolerability of a ready-for-use magnesium solution. No measurements of efficacy were performed during this study. Initially, patients received a loading dose of 4.0 g magnesium sulphate administered over 30 min. Thereafter, a continuous intravenous infusion of 1-2 g magnesium sulphate per hour up to 21 days was given. Venous score (Maddox), vital signs, adverse events as well as general tolerability (assessed by investigator and patients) and blood parameters were assessed. We showed good local and systemic tolerability of high dose magnesium sulphate for tocolysis. Only seven patients (15%) were withdrawn from the study prematurely due to minor adverse events. Potential serious complications of MgSO(4) such as respiratory arrest or clinically relevant respiratory depression were not observed. The most frequently reported local adverse events were injection site pain, itching, erythema, swelling, induration and palpable venous cord. The most common systemic adverse events considered to be possibly related to the study drugs involved the nervous system (dizziness) followed by the digestive system (nausea, constipation). Systolic and diastolic blood pressure changed only slightly during the treatment. Respiratory rate and body temperature remained stable also. Toxic magnesium levels (>2.5 mmol/l) were not observed. The assessment of the clinical investigators with regard to tolerability was very good or good in 72.5% of the patients. The introduction of the ready-to-use solution has the advantage of eliminating the need to mix the solution prior to administration. This means a lower risk of overdose and contamination.
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PMID:Local and systemic tolerability of magnesium sulphate for tocolysis. 1264 63

Lyme Disease (Borreliosis) is a multisystem inflammatory disease caused by the spirochete Borrelia burgdorferi, transmitted by the bite of ixodes infected ticks. We would like to present our experience with the treatment of borreliosis in collaboration with the Warsaw Medical Academy's Department of Infectious Disease. Fifty-nine children (aged between 14 months to 16 years) were hospitalized or ambulatory treated due to borreliosis during 5 years between 1997 and 2001. Erythema migrans was observed in 50 cases. The main localisations of erythema were: face, neck and chest. One patient showed erythema in several other localisations. Erythema migrans returned in two cases after therapy with Amoxicillin in one case at 6 months, in the other one 12 months later. The incubation period of erythema migrans in children varied from 4 to 30 days. Seven cases from the 59 occurred with central nervous system manifestations. These were children between 6 and 16 years of age. The most frequent (65.5%) clinical manifestations of the central nervous system were meningitis and facial nerve palsy, depression and headaches were observed in 6% of cases. In one case admission to hospital was the result of leucopaenia (2800/mm3), bradycardia, headache and fatigue. The positive serologic test results (Elisa assay) were confirmed in two independent laboratories. We had one patient (5 years old boy) with arthritic manifestations. The diagnosis of Lyme disease was based on clinical manifestations and positive serologic test results (Elisa assay). In the acute stage Elisa assay was positive in 33% only. The erythema migrans cases received treatment with Amoxicillin for two weeks, whilst patients with neuroborreliosis were treated for 4 weeks with Ceftriaxon.
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PMID:[Borreliosis in children - clinical manifestation, diagnosis and treatment]. 1313 Jan 69

Chronic hepatitis C virus infection is a common and serious disease. Although an estimated 2.7 million persons in the United States have this disease, most have not yet been diagnosed. Recent advances in treatment provide successful cure in 50 to 80 percent of cases. Current drug therapy consists of a combination of pegylated interferon and ribavirin. Although all patients with chronic hepatitis C virus infection are potential candidates for treatment, pharmacologic therapy has a number of contraindications. Evaluation of suitability for treatment includes a thorough search for comorbid medical and psychiatric conditions that can be contraindications. Initial testing involves anti-hepatitis C virus antibodies, but definitive diagnosis of active disease requires detection of viral RNA. Most patients require a liver biopsy to determine the amount of hepatic fibrosis and ongoing hepatocellular inflammation. Viral genotype also should be determined: type 1 requires 12 months of treatment and does not respond as well as types 2 and 3, which require only six months of treatment. Common side effects of drug therapy include anemia, anorexia, depression, fatigue, fever, headache, myalgia, nausea, and erythema at the injection site.
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PMID:Management of hepatitis C: evaluating suitability for drug therapy. 1586 91

Hypotheses about relationships between changes in membrane lipids and mental illness have focused primarily on three long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids: arachidonic acid (AA), eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA). Membrane deficiencies of these fatty acids have been reported in schizophrenia (AA, EPA, and DHA) and in depression (EPA and DHA). Long-chain fatty acid-CoA ligase type 4 (FACL4; MIM 300157) is a key enzyme involved in the metabolism of AA, EPA, and DHA. FACL4 selectively esterifies these fatty acids with co-enzyme A, forming acyl-co-A, which can then be incorporated into membrane phospholipid. We used niacin-induced dermal erythema as one index of AA metabolism to identify a common C to T single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) in the first intron of the FACL4 gene (Xq22.3), which is associated with enhanced dermal erythema in both schizophrenia and control subjects. Male subjects with the T0 genotype showed greater dermal erythema following topical application of methylnicotinate, suggesting that this polymorphism may be in linkage disequilibrium with a functional polymorphism of the FACL4 gene that modulates re-sequestration of agonist-released free AA. We also examined the allele frequency of this polymorphism in 555 European-Americans (EA), including 229 control subjects, 198 subjects with major depression, 58 with schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorder, and 70 with alcohol dependence without co-morbid psychiatric illness. We observed a significant excess of the T allele in subjects with major depression, as compared with controls (49% vs. 38%; P = 0.003) and a non-significant excess of the T allele in schizophrenia (44%; P = 0.29). The allele frequency for subjects with alcohol dependence did not differ from controls.
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PMID:Association of a long-chain fatty acid-CoA ligase 4 gene polymorphism with depression and with enhanced niacin-induced dermal erythema. 1510 78

Hemimaxillofacial dysplasia and segmental odontomaxillary dysplasia appear to be the same syndrome, having the common features of unilateral abnormalities of bone, teeth, gums, and skin. Oral manifestations are the hallmark of this condition. Those affected are generally recognized in childhood and may have partial anodontia, abnormal spacing of the teeth, delayed eruption, and gingival thickening of the affected segment. Reported cutaneous manifestations include facial asymmetry, Becker's nevus, "hairy nevus," lip hypopigmentation, discontinuity of the vermilion border, depression of the cheek, and erythema. The oral lesions do not appear to be progressive. We describe a child with features consistent with hemimaxillofacial dysplasia/segmental odontomaxillary dysplasia. Findings of a biopsy specimen from the cheek confirmed the presence of a Becker's nevus. Cutaneous findings reported in the previous 31 cases are reviewed and summarized. The acronym HATS (hemimaxillary enlargement, asymmetry of the face, tooth abnormalities, and skin findings) is introduced to reflect the spectrum of abnormalities in bone, teeth, and skin that may be seen in this developmental disorder.
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PMID:A syndrome of hemimaxillary enlargement, asymmetry of the face, tooth abnormalities, and skin findings (HATS). 1528 87

Pellagra is a systemic disturbance caused by a cellular deficiency of niacin, resulting from inadequate dietary nicotinic acid and/or its precursors, the essential amino-acid tryptophan. In Europe and North America cases of pellagra are rarely encountered, but in some developing countries this disease is frequent, and is the most frequent clinical feature of nutritional deficiency of adult. The principal causes of pellagra are: nutritional niacin deficiency; chronic alcoholism; gastro-intestinal malabsorption; some medications (5-fluoro-uracil, isoniazid, pyrazinamide ehtionamide, 6-mercaptopurine, hydantoins, phenobarbital and chloramphenicol). The diagnosis of pellagra is based on the patient's history and the presence of "3 D syndrome": dermatitis, diarrhea, and dementia. The dermatitis caused by pellagra is a bilaterally symmetrical erythema at the sites of solar exposure. The dermatitis begins in the form of an erythema with acute or intermittent onset gradually changing to an exsudative eruption on the dorsa of the hand, face, neck, and chest with pruritus and burning. Acute dermatitis of pellagra resembles sunburn in the first stages, sometimes with vesicles and bullae. The gastro-intestinal disturbances are: anorexia, nausea, epigastric discomfort and chronic or recurrent diarrhea. Anorexia and malabsorbative diarrhea lead to a state of malnutrition and cachexia. Stools are typically watery, but occasionally can be bloody and mucoid. Neuropsychologic manifestation included photophobia, asthenia, depression, hallucinations, confusions, memory loss and psychosis. As pellagra advances, patient become disoriented, confused and delirious; then stuporous and finally die. Pathological changes in the skin is non-specific, there are no chemical tests available to definitively diagnose pellagra. However low levels of urinary excretion of N-methylnicotinamide and pyridone indicates niacin deficiency. The treatment of pellagra consisted to exogenous administration of niacin or nicotinamide cures. Topical management of skin lesions with emollients may reduce discomfort. The therapy should also include other B vitamins, zinc and magnesium as well as a diet rich in calories. The prevention is based in the nutritional education (food sources of niacin: eggs, bran, peanuts, meat, poultry, fish, red meat, legumes and seeds), and the eviction of alcohol.
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PMID:[Pellagra]. 1620 85

A 48-year-old woman presented to our hospital with epigastralgia and erythema on the left dorsalis pedis. Her medical history included deep venous thrombosis three months prior to admission to our hospital. Upon admission it was determined that she had severe anemia (hemoglobin level 4.6 g/dl). Bone marrow analysis indicated a markedly decreased number of erythroid progenitor cells. A skin biopsy specimen of the erythema revealed microthrombus. Anticardiolipin-beta2GPI antibody and lupus anticoagulant were positive. The patient was diagnosed with pure red cell aplasia (PRCA) and antiphospholipid syndrome (APS). After steroid pulse therapy and warfarinization, her anemia and purpura improved. Three months later she developed depression with positive anti-ribosomal P protein antibody that was indicative of central nervous system lupus. Although her psychometric condition did not respond to steroid pulse therapy, improvement was seen after she received three courses of cyclophosphamide pulse therapy. We report a rare case of CNS lupus that developed during corticosteroid therapy and warfarinization in a patient with PRCA and APS.
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PMID:[Appearance of central nervous system lupus during corticosteroid therapy and warfarinization in a patient with pure red cell aplasia and antiphospholipid syndrome]. 1650 2

The purpose of the study was to determine the risks of radiation-induced cancer and deterministic effects for the patient and staff in transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Sixty-five patients with HCC underwent the first cycle of TACE. Thermoluminescence dosemeters and conversion factors were used to measure surface doses and to calculate organ doses and effective dose. For the patient, the risk of fatal cancer and severe genetic defect was in the magnitude of 10(-4) and 10(-5), respectively. Five patients showed surface doses over the first lumbar vertebra exceeding 2000 mSv and 45 patients showed doses over the spine or the liver region above 500 mSv. The risk of fatal cancer and severe genetic defect for the radiologist and assistant was in the magnitude of 10(-7) to 10(-8). They could exceed the threshold for lens opacity in the case of more than 490 and 1613 TACE yearly for a period of many years, respectively. Radiation dose could lead to local transient erythema and/or local depression of hematopoiesis in many patients after TACE. For the radiologist and assistant, risk of fatal cancer and genetic defect and lens opacity might arise when they perform interventions such as TACE intensively.
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PMID:Radiation exposure to patient and staff in hepatic chemoembolization: risk estimation of cancer and deterministic effects. 1680 77

After a tick bite and erythema chronicum migrans, a 31-year-old patient developed headaches, fatigue, multilocular pain and therapy-resistant depression with cognitive disturbances. Antibodies against Borrelia and Borna disease virus, high antibody titers against streptococci at the point of most severe depression and blood-CSF barrier dysfunction were found. Streptococcal antibody titers were normal 2 years before and 4 years after. With penicillin treatment and tonsillectomy, therapy-resistant depression improved. We suggest that the whole syndrome was streptococcal-associated autoimmune disease.
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PMID:[Therapy-resistant depression with fatigue. A case of presumed streptococcal-associated autoimmune disorder]. 1716 May 40

Several cases of toxic shock-like syndrome (TSLS) have been reported in dogs but no inciting cause has been identified. TSLS associated with a closed-cervix pyometra was suspected in the reported bitch. The dog was evaluated for the complaint of generalized dermatopathy (erythema and oedema) and systemic signs with multiorganic involvement (depression, fever, immature neutrophilia, hypoalbuminaemia, renal disease, vomiting and diarrhoea). Histological features consistent with TSLS included superficial dermatitis with epidermal neutrophilic exocytosis and necrotic keratinocytes. The tentative diagnosis of TSLS was based on case history, clinical presentation, laboratory and histopathological findings, and the resolution of all clinical signs following surgical removal of the localized bacterial infection.
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PMID:Suspected toxic shock-like syndrome in a dog with closed-cervix pyometra. 1722 39


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