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Query: UMLS:C0011570 (depression)
 172,036 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

More than 6000 parameters were collected during a 21-day period of starvation in 51 obese patients aged 17 to 65 years and stored as data bank on a CDC CYBER 74 at the calculating centre of the University of Technology in Vienna. Samples for multiple linear regression were obtained on the basis of various selective criteria. The essential results of this analysis are the depression of plasma viscosity, which correlates positively with the decrease in blood lipids and the reduction of overweight, as well as the unexpected increase in whole blood viscosity. The latter can probably be explained by an altered erythrocytic fluidity due to the metabolic changes which take place during a longer period of starvation.
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PMID:[Changes in plasma and whole blood viscosity during starvation (author's transl)]. 106 14

There is a difference in the extent of inhibition of thymine dimers (TT) excision in ultravioley (UV) irradiated cells of E. coli after preirradiation depression of protein and DNA syntheses induced by a simultaneous deprivation of essential amino acids (AA-) and thymine(T-) or by deprivation of essential amino acids and addition of nalidixie acid (NAL+). This difference has been noted in both E. coli B/r Her+ and E. coli K12 SR20 uvr+ cells. Depression of DNA synthesis with the aid of malidixic acid as exogenous agent will inhibit TT excision to a lesser degree than depression of DNA synthesis by thymine starvation. The extent of TT excision has no appreciable influence on restoration of the sedimentation profile of newly synthesized DNA nor again on UV resistance of cells in conditions of dark repair. At the time when there are TT still present in DNA, the DNA molecule, having the size of the molecule of unirradiated cells, will become synthesized.
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PMID:Comparison of the effect of nalidixic acid and thymine deprivation on excision repair in Escherichia coli. 109 65

It had been found earlier that the excision repair mechanism in E. coli B/R Hcr+ could be depressed by preirradiation, amino acid and thymine starvation; such an interference proved to have no appreciable influence on survival after ultraviolet irradiation. A comparison between Hcr+ and Hcr- cells had revealed that the former were capable of tolerating a greater amount of unexcised dimers than the latter. In this paper it is demonstrated that the above-mentioned pretreatment will depress excision activity also in cultures of E. coli K12 and E. coli 15T- both strains of the uvr+ rec+ genotype. A comparison of two E. coli K12 strains of the uvr+ and uvr- genotype shows that uvr+ cells also have a greater capacity to tolerate unexcised dimers. To throw light on the nature of that increased capacity to tolerate unexicsed dimers we have compared restoration of DNA daughter chains in cells of the uvr+ and uvr- genotype and found that integrity of uvr loci is a conditio sine qua non for an effective restoration of daughter chains, but that depression of excision activity by the mentioned pretreatment does not influence restoration of DNA daughter chains. This suggest that uvr loci are involved not only in excision but also in postreplication mechanism of DNA repair.
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PMID:Function of the UVR marker in dark repair of DNA molecules. 110 8

Coccinia indica (Family: Cucurbitaceae, locally known as telakucha) leaves were extracted with 95% ethanol. Following evaporation of the solvents, the residue was suspended in distilled water. When this suspension was fed orally to male normal-fed and 48-hr starved rats, the blood glucose was lowered 21% (P less than 0.01) in normal-fed and 24% (P less than 0.001) in 48-hr starved animals respectively. Starvation had induced a 3-fold increase in the activity of glucose-6-phosphatase and this activity was depressed 19% (P less than 0.05) by extract feeding while basal activity of the enzyme in normal-fed rats remained unaffected. Consistent with the depression of glucose-6-phosphatase, urea cycle enzyme arginase was also depressed 21% (P less than 0.001) and 12% (P less than 0.01) in the liver of 48 hr-starved and normal-fed animals respectively. Unlike glucose-6-phosphatase, starvation induced levels of gluconeogenic enzymes alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase were not affected by Coccinia extract. These results suggest that the hypoglycemic effect of C. indica is partly due to the repression of the key gluconeogenic enzyme glucose-6-phosphatase.
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PMID:Hypoglycemic effects of Coccinia indica: inhibition of key gluconeogenic enzyme, glucose-6-phosphatase. 133 43

Depression, mania and probably starvation all induce changes in pineal function. At present it is unknown what secondary effects on the endocrine and other systems are produced by these changes. Studies in rats have established an entraining effect of melatonin on locomotor activity and a feedback effect on the pineal itself. Studies of jet-lag and of sleep dysregulation in a blind subject established that melatonin treatment has a synchronizing effect in these conditions. Further investigations will be necessary to establish whether melatonin reduction in depression and other disorders leads secondarily to dysregulation of other circadian rhythms.
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PMID:Day-night rhythm disturbance, pineal function and human disease. 142 35

We have previously suggested that two positioned nucleosomes are removed from the promoter of the Saccharomyces cerevisiae SUC2 gene upon depression by glucose starvation. To gain further insight into the changes accompanying derepression at the chromatin level we have studied the chromatin structure of the SUC2 promoter in several mutants affecting SUC2 expression. The non-derepressible mutants snf1, snf2 and snf5 present a chromatin structure characteristic of the repressed state, irrespective of the presence or absence of glucose. The non-repressible mutants, mig1 and ssn6, as well as the double mutant snfs sn6 exhibit an opened chromatin structure even in the presence of glucose. These results suggest that the DNA-binding protein encoded by MIG1 is necessary to produce the characteristic pattern of repressed chromatin and that the SNF1 protein kinase is sufficient to produce the derepressed chromatin pattern. A model is presented for the transitions that result in opening up of the chromatin structure.
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PMID:Chromatin structure of the yeast SUC2 promoter in regulatory mutants. 153 95

By presenting the salient aspects of a case study of a high school student athlete, we have attempted to show how participation in sports can negatively impact on self-concept, self-esteem, physical acceptance, and self-efficacy, thereby contributing to an overall feeling of inadequacy, helplessness, hopelessness, and ultimately leading to depression and chronic fatigue. An early maturer, this student experienced early success in several sports without a great deal of effort and investment, and derived much of his sense of being from the recognition and reinforcement accorded him by significant others, most notably from a father who placed a higher premium on success in athletics than on other equally worthwhile pursuits. When continued success was not forthcoming, and as later-maturing peers caught up to and surpassed his athletic accomplishments, the student sought to protect his sense of self-esteem by rationalizing that his lack of success was due to a physical problem. He became obsessed with the thought that he was gradually losing his athletic identity and he lapsed deeper and deeper into a depressed state. His compulsive overtraining and starvation diet failed to produce his image of the "ideal body" that, of course, was unachievable because of his distorted view of reality. Ultimately, this behavior resulted in hospitalization for treatment of an eating disorder and clinical depression. Even a successful senior football season after his psychiatric care could not filter through his distorted perceptions and he could not cope with the thought of participating in another track and field season and having his performance bested by others whom he had once handily beaten. Thus, once again, he engaged in self-protective behavior and sought verification from sportsmedicine professionals. Diagnosis of Tom's condition was possible only through the collaborative efforts of the athletic trainer, physical therapist, sport psychologist, and family physician. Professionals involved in sportsmedicine must be aware of the critical role that highly valued activities like sports play in the psychosocial development of adolescents. To the adult, these activities may seem trivial, frivolous, and removed from the "real world," but to the adolescent, they are an important source of self-esteem during a critical and volatile period of self-concept edification. During a period of awakening sexuality and heightened awareness of their physical being, activities that emphasize the physical aspect of self gain prominence. Those who derive positive experiences benefit from enhanced feelings of physical self-efficacy and self-esteem.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)
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PMID:Depression and chronic fatigue in the high school student and athlete. 187 14

Symptoms of depression that are temporary or caused by physical illness can be difficult to differentiate from those that represent a depressive disorder. A diagnosis of depressive disorder depends on the underlying cause, and on the nature, severity and duration of symptoms. Management involves accurate diagnosis and treatment of medical illness, practical interventions to resolve concurrent family, social and economic stressors, and emotional support. Cognitive, behavioral and brief psychodynamic therapies may be helpful in selected cases. Antidepressants and electroconvulsive therapy have a role in the treatment of severe or persistent depression associated with suicidal behavior, marked psychomotor retardation, starvation or other life-threatening symptoms. Suicidal thoughts are frequent in older patients with concurrent major depression and chronic illness, and measures to ensure patient safety are a priority.
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PMID:Depressive disorders in older medical inpatients. 192 39

A computer model of body mass and composition in relation to gross energy balance is constructed. The model is built using conventional empirical physiological formulae rather than statistical or analytical mathematical techniques. The model is applied to the Minnesota and other experiments and produces as good or better simulations of observed values of changes in body weight than reported for other formulae or models. Alternative physiological mechanisms concerning metabolic adaptions to starvation, changes in time activity budgets and the energy equivalents of weight loss offer equally good simulations of experimental results. The present analysis highlights the survival value of a basal metabolic depression during starvation and indicates an optimal body composition of 10% mobilizable fat for starvation survival for a 70 kg man. Proper quantification of the effects of the physiological mechanisms involved depends on new experimental data, however. Long term continuous monitoring of time activity budgets are a necessary part of such experiments.
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PMID:Starvation survival and body composition in mammals with particular reference to Homo sapiens. 222 84

Fifty female bulimic patients were asked to complete a questionnaire describing their experience during a binge-vomit episode. Findings indicated that starvation was a common precipitant of bingeing, as were situations such as being alone and eating something, and dysphoric feelings such as anxiety and frustration. Significant others, particularly the mother and the boyfriend or husband, might also precipitate a binge. Although many feelings increased or decreased in a linear fashion as the episode progressed, others such as depression and relief waxed and waned at different points in the episode. Implications of these findings for cognitive behavior therapy were discussed.
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PMID:Experiential aspects of bulimia nervosa. Implications for cognitive behavioral therapy. 229 1


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