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Query: UMLS:C0011570 (depression)
 172,036 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

In a study of 1499 patients over six years in a general practice, an association was found between a history of low-back pain and a history of psychological illness, in several demographical groups. The association was strongest in patients of both sexes, aged 35--44, and in women aged 55--74. Patients with a history of low-back pain were more likely to have had a diagnosis of 'anxiety' than non-low-back-pain patients, whereas there was no significant difference in the incidence of 'depression' between those with, and those without, low-back pain.
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PMID:Psychiatric and social factors related to low-back pain in general practice. 13 92

The present study was undertaken in order to investigate the analgesic effect of needle puncture in a small self-selected group of patients with chronic or acute pain, and to examine the factors which determine success or failure of this treatment modality. We have found that in chronic painful conditions, needle puncture may be very effective in producing at least transient analgesia. It also can produce permanent relief of acute (self-limited) pains. Needle puncture was not helpful in the management of pain resulting from nerve damage. High score on psychometric indicators of anxiety and depression is a significant predictor os successful needle puncture analgesia in patients with chronic pain. Comparison of our results to studies of counterirritation indicate that the analgesia produced by needle puncture involves a mechanism similar to that of counterirritation-induced analgesia.
Pain 1976 Jun
PMID:Observations on the analgesic effects of needle puncture (acupuncture). 14 Oct 19

1. In order to determine the nervous outflow from skeletal muscle during chemically induced muscle pain, the impulse activity of various types of muscle afferents in response to close intra-arterial injections of pain-producing substances (bradykinin, 5-hydroxytryptamine, histamine and potassium) was studied in anaesthetized cats using a single fibre recording technique.2. By administration of algesic agents in doses which produce pain in man and pain reactions in animals, about half of the group IV and two thirds of the group III muscle afferents could be activated. In contrast, group II and group I afferent units were usually not excited by chemical noxious stimulation. If effects at all occurred in the thick myelinated afferents, they consisted of a depression of the fibre activity rather than of an activation.3. The qualitative features of the discharges of group III muscle afferents induced by chemical stimulation resembled those of the group IV units very closely. The group III units differed from the group IV afferents in that their responses to a given dose of bradykinin were of greater magnitude.4. It is concluded that the chemically induced muscle pain is probably mediated by certain portions of the group IV and group III afferents, whereas the reactions of group II and group I units to algesic agents are such that a contribution to muscular chemo-nociception seems improbable.
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PMID:Nervous outflow from skeletal muscle following chemical noxious stimulation. 14 96

The usefulness of the Somatization factor of the MMPI-168 with low back pain patients was examined in two separate studies. In study 1, 58 male veteran low back pain patients who had been divided into organic and mixed groups served as Ss. MMPI protocols were rescored for the five factors of Overall, Hunter, and Butcher (1973). The organic and mixed groups differed only on the Somatization factor. A cutting score of raw greater than or equal to 8 (T = 75) was determined to classify the sample correctly 74.5% of the time. In study 2, a second sample of 48 male veteran low back pain patients was divided into mixed, organic, and functional groups. The mixed group was subdivided further into a mixed-pain group who still were having pain and were seeking treatment and a mixed-relief group who were experiencing a reduction of pain and were returning to vocational activities. The functional and mixed-pain groups differed from the organic and mixed-relief groups on the Somatization and Depression factors. The cutting score determined in the study 1 correctly classified patients 83% of the time.
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PMID:Application of the somatization factor of the MMPI-168 with low back pain patients. 14 41

The clinical picture of masked depression is occasionally concealed by atypical symptoms of pain. Successful treatment is possible through stepwise and specific use of thymoleptic agents and tranquilizers.
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PMID:[Masked depression as observed by the dentist (author's transl)]. 15 32

Two hundred consecutive catheterized patients with unstable angina pectoris were reviewed to find clinical and noninvasive indicators of left main coronary artery disease (greater than or equal to 50% lesion). Thirty-five patients (17.5% of total) had left main coronary artery disease. There were no differences between patients with and without left main coronary artery disease in age, sex, results of resting electrocardiogram, congestive heart failure, dyspnea during pain, duration of longest pain, arrhythmias, response to medical therapy, or other risk factors. Crescendo angina pectoris (worsening of pre-existing angina), transient ST-segment depression with pain, simultaneous anterior and inferior ST changes during pain, and fluoroscopic calcification of the left main coronary artery were all significantly more common in patients with left main coronary artery disease. However, low sensitivity or low predictive value, or both, limit the usefulness of these clinical predictors. Left main coronary artery disease cannot be reliably predicted in patients with unstable angina pectoris before coronary arteriography.
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PMID:Clinical indicators of left main coronary artery disease in unstable angina. 15 94

Relationships of four demographic variables and five affective variables to eight attributes of low back pain were investigated in 251 patients by stepwise, multivariate analysis. The demographic variables are age, sex, race, and education. The affective variables are state anxiety, trait anxiety anxiety, hostility, and depression. Seven of the pain variables are from the factorially derived Low Back Pain Questionnaire. The eighth pain variable is a self-estimate of intensity. Relationships among demographic and pain variables are small and unsystematic. Hostility has a small, systematically inverse relation to pain variables, supporting theories relating low back pain to inhibition of anger. Anxiety has a small positive relationship, and depression has no relationship to pain variables. In general, the small relationships indicate that the Low Back Pain Questionnaire provides descriptions of pain that are not confounded by social characteristics or current emotional states of patients.
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PMID:Demographic and affective covariates of pain. 16 4

A fundamental aim of the Neurosurgical Unit at Georgia Baptist Medical Center is to enable each individual to return to normal and meaningful functioning. The problem of chronic pain almost always results in a steady decrease in those activities, interests, and concerns which are essential to the normal process of living. When the process is disrupted, the result is usually a feeling of despair and uselessness. These problems will almost inevitably complicate the pain experience. In addition, the ever present stress that accompanies severe and chronic problems of any sort tends to result in related psychological difficulties such as depression, anxiety, feelings of inadequacy and a multitude of other family and personal problems. These difficulties often become major features of an individual's pain problem. A holistic approach to patient care is based on the concept that each individual needs to be considered physically, psychologically and spiritually. The active participation of the psychiatric liaison nurse as a member of the neurosurgical team helps integrate the forces that enable such an approach. By focusing on a thorough patient assessment, improved staff morale and improved well being of patients, the psychiatric liaison nurse assists the team in focusing its energy on total comprehensive patient care. The combination of clinical neurosurgical treatment and psychological care has proven effective in helping our neurosurgical team achieve the fundamental goal toward which we all work.
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PMID:Psychiatric liaison nurse for neurosurgery: an innovative approach to management of chronic pain. 16 40

Narcotic analgesics and related drugs act as agonists on several receptors that are responsible for their effects on pain perception, mood and feeling state, and respiration, as well as other pharmacologic actions. Naloxone is the first discovered antagonist that is devoid of agonistic activity and appears to be a competitive antagonist at several receptors. The ability of naloxone to displace or prevent the binding of agonistic narcotics is partly responsible for its antagonistic effects. The ability of naloxone to rectify narcotic-depressed homeostats and precipitate abstinence is also related to its antagonistic activity. Certain cautions and principles apply in the use of naloxone in treating narcotic overdose, reversing surgical analgesia, and the treatment of neonates and children. Unapproved uses of naloxine include reversing the psychotomimetic effects of certain agonists-antagonists, terminating narcotic-induced convulsions and coma, reversing non-narcotic depression, diagnosing physical dependence, and treating narcotic addicts.
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PMID:Naloxone. 18 95

Sleep is a vital human physiologic process. Insomnia can be caused by obsession and depression states, pain, or worry over everyday problems. Because of their pharmacologic action, alcohol and high doses of soporifics used as remedies may produce REM-deficit sleep and actually prolong insomnia. If the true cause of sleeplessness is not recognized and properly treated, insomnia may develop into a severe sleep problem. Since benzodiazepines and chloral hydrate do not suppress REM sleep, they are the medications of choice in the therapy for insomnia.
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PMID:Insomnia and the physiology of sleep. 20 31


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