Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0011570 (depression)
 172,036 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Two black rhinoceroses (Diceros bicornis michaeli) developed clinical leptospirosis without hemolytic crises. The first rhinoceros presented with peracute depression, anorexia, rear leg trembling, dysuria, glucosuria, gastrointestinal discomfort, and decreased fecal output and died within 12 hr. Necropsy and histopathology revealed lesions within multiple organs. Leptospirosis was diagnosed postmortem based on positive fluorescent antibody staining of liver. The second rhinoceros presented 2 mo later with similar signs. It survived with treatment and was diagnosed with leptospirosis based on serology using microscopic agglutination testing and detection of urinary antigen using a fluorescent antibody technique. Leptospira kirschneri serovar grippotyphosa was postulated as the etiologic agent, with transmission probably occurring through wallow contamination by wild raccoons (Procyon lotor).
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PMID:Leptospira infection in two black rhinoceroses (Diceros bicornis michaeli). 1278 3

Milnacipran is a new antidepressant which inhibits equipotently the reuptake of serotonin and noradrenaline both in vitro and in vivo with no effect on dopamine reuptake. Microdialysis studies have shown increased extracellular levels of both serotonin and noradrenaline after acute administration. Milnacipran is devoid of interactions at any known neurotransmitter receptor. In particular, and unlike tricyclic antidepressants (TCAs), it has no activity at noradrenergic, muscarinic or histaminergic receptors. Contrary to TCAs, chronic administration of milnacipran does not modify beta-adrenoceptor binding or second messenger function. Milnacipran is active on various animal models of depression such as the forced swimming test in the mouse, learned helplessness in the rat and the olfactory bulbectomized rat model. Milnacipran has a high bioavailability, low plasma protein binding, and is largely eliminated in the urine as the parent drug or as a glucuronide. These features suggest that interactions with other drugs given concurrently are unlikely. Studies in patients with liver dysfunction and in the elderly suggest that dose adjustment is not necessary. In patients with renal impairment, decreased elimination of milnacipran is correlated to the degree of renal impairment allowing an easy dosage adjustment. An intermediate half-life of approximately 8 h is compatible with twice-daily administration. Clinical studies comparing milnacipran, placebo and other antidepressants provide evidence of its efficacy in moderate to severe depression in both hospitalized and outpatient settings. Meta-analyses of the original data of controlled trials comparing milnacipran with imipramine or selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) show that milnacipran provides antidepressant efficacy similar to that of TCAs and significantly superior to that of SSRIs. An analysis of a database of over 3300 patients shows that both the general and cardiovascular tolerability of milnacipran are superior to those of TCAs with notably less cholinergic side effects. The tolerance of milnacipran was comparable to that of SSRIs with a higher incidence of dysuria with milnacipran but a higher frequency of nausea and anxiety with the SSRIs. Milnacipran represents an interesting new therapeutic option in depression, being as well tolerated as the SSRIs but offering clinical efficacy similar to the TCAs.
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PMID:Milnacipran, a new specific serotonin and noradrenaline reuptake inhibitor. 1498 77

Anxiety, shame, guilt, and depression accompany the absence or loss of urinary sphincter control at both ends of the life cycle. The economic costs are high when one reflects that incontinence limits access to child-care facilities and thus the mothers return to gainful employment. It is often the prime reason for admission to nursing home care for the grandmother. Poise and increased self-esteem go along with "being dry." Dysuria accompanying acute or interstitial cystitis also interferes with personal peace and the ability to work productively. A psychoanalytic review of developmental stages and their constellation of affects and defenses in regard to "wetness" will be discussed as well as when to refer, clarify, or make or receive a urological referral for your patient, their child, or parent.
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PMID:Mysteries of the void: an analyst's view of female urination. 1513 87

The antidepressant efficacy and safety of milnacipran, a dual action antidepressant drug which inhibits the reuptake of serotonin and noradrenaline, was compared with that of the tricyclic antidepressant, imipramine, in a multi-centre, double-blind, randomised, parallel group, comparative trial in 5 hospital centres in Spain. One hundred patients hospitalised with a diagnosis of major depressive disorder according to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of the American Psychiatry Association (third revision), with a minimum score of 25 on the Montgomery and Asberg Depression Rating Scale were treated for 6 weeks with milnacipran (100 mg/day) or imipramine (150 mg/day). Both treatments showed similar efficacy in reducing depressive symptoms. The frequency of most adverse events in the milnacipran-treated patients was lower than that observed in the imipramine group, particularly those related to anticholinergic symptoms. Dysuria and shivering, however, were more common with milnacipran. The results of this study support others which have demonstrated that milnacipran has equivalent efficacy but superior tolerability to a tricyclic antidepressant such as imipramine.
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PMID:A comparative study of milnacipran and imipramine in the treatment of major depressive disorder. 1520 Jul 43

Thirty-five animals (23 dogs, 12 cats) with fungal urinary tract infections (UTIs) were retrospectively studied. Dysuria, hematuria, increased frequency of micturition, anorexia, depression, and pyrexia were the most common clinical signs noted. Seven species of fungi were identified in the affected animals. Candida albicans was the most common isolate. Most animals diagnosed with fungal UTI also had other concurrent urinary tract or medical problems. Lower urinary tract diseases, diabetes mellitus, neoplasia, and renal failure were the most common concurrent or preceding diseases identified. Resolution of fungal UTI occurred in 12 animals that received specific antifungal treatment.
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PMID:Fungal urinary tract infections in the dog and cat: a retrospective study (2001-2004). 1626 61

Canine dysautonomia was diagnosed definitively in five dogs by histopathology. All dogs were seen between June 2004 and July 2006 and originated from south-east England; four dogs originated from an urban area and one from a rural area. Of the urban dogs, one had recently visited Scotland and one had visited a kennel in a rural area nearby. Acute-onset but progressive vomiting, diarrhoea, depression and inappetence were the most common presenting clinical signs. Reduced or absent anal tone, dysuria, absence of pupillary light reflexes with intact vision, mydriasis, decreased corneal sensitivity and nictitating membrane protrusion were among the most frequent neurological findings. Abnormalities in pharmacological autonomic and physiological function testing (including orthostatic hypotension in two dogs) and diagnostic imaging studies were detected in some of the animals. All dogs failed to respond adequately to treatment, and given the poor prognosis, they were eventually euthanased. Histopathology identified marked chromatolysis of ganglion cell bodies. This case series emphasises that dysautonomia should be considered when a dog is presented in the UK with acute- or subacute-onset gastrointestinal signs and compatible physical and neurological abnormalities.
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PMID:Five cases of canine dysautonomia in England (2004 to 2006). 1742 97

Our objectives were to investigate thyroid abnormalities and autoimmunity in 120 patients affected by fibromyalgia (FM) and to study their relationships with clinical data and symptoms. Thyroid assessment by means of antithyroglobulin antibodies, antithyroid peroxidase antibodies, free triiodo-thyronine, free thyroxine, and thyroid stimulating hormone analyses was carried out. The clinical parameters "Fibromyalgia Impact Questionnaire", pain, tender points, fatigue, and other symptoms, and the presence of depression or anxiety disorders were evaluated. The basal thyroid hormone levels of FM patients were in the normal range, while 41% of the patients had at least one thyroid antibody. Patients with thyroid autoimmunity showed a higher percentage of dry eyes, burning, or pain with urination, allodynia, blurred vision, and sore throat. Correlations found between thyroid autoimmunity and age or with the presence of depression or anxiety disorders were not significant. However, in the cohort of post-menopausal patients, the frequency of thyroid autoimmunity was higher with respect to pre-menopausal patients. In conclusion, autoimmune thyroiditis is present in an elevated percentage of FM patients, and it has been associated with the presence of typical symptoms of the disease.
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PMID:Association between thyroid autoimmunity and fibromyalgic disease severity. 1748 49

A 2-year-old intact female Golden Retriever presented due to rapidly progressing depression, ascites, dysuria, abdominal pain, and severe vaginal bleeding. At necropsy, the retroperitoneal space was expanded by multiple coalescing neoplastic nodules and the uterine wall was thickened with poorly defined neoplastic infiltrates. The urinary bladder was markedly thickened due to botryoid nodules exhibiting exophytic growth into the lumen. Metastases to lung, liver, kidney, and abdominal and thoracic lymph nodes were also noted. Microscopically, the genital tract and retroperitoneal masses were consistent with the alveolar subtype of rhabdomysarcoma, while the urinary bladder mass had characteristics of the embryonal subtype. Immunohistochemically, the neoplastic cells in all these tissue sites were intensely positive for desmin, sacromeric actin, and vimentin, while they were uniformly negative for cytokeratin and smooth muscle actin. Phosphotungstic acid hematoxylin stain revealed cross-striations in the cytoplasm of scattered neoplastic cells. Based on the gross findings, histopathology, and immunohistochemistry, genitourinary rhabdomyosarcoma with multisystemic metastases was made.
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PMID:Genitourinary rhabdomyosarcoma with systemic metastasis in a young dog. 1760 14

Congenital anomalies of the urinary tract in horses may be difficult to diagnose and treat. Presenting complaints are variable and include weight loss, depression, dysuria, hematuria, and mild colic. Although the most severe abnormalities are diagnosed in the neonate, some diseases, such as ectopic ureter(s), may be identified in older horses. In human medicine, the fetus is examined in the prenatal period for evidence of urinary tract dysfunction, but this is not yet common practice in equine medicine. As a result, urinary tract anomalies are diagnosed after birth using a wide variety of diagnostic modalities.
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PMID:Congenital anomalies of the equine urinary tract. 1806 58

Loin pain hematuria is characterized by chronic loin pain, hematuria, and dysuria. There are no known effective treatments for loin pain hematuria and longer term use of analgesics and surgical options are often ineffective or associated with negative side effects. This article reports on a 17-year-old female patient diagnosed with loin pain hematuria who presented with unilateral, uncontrolled loin pain following numerous unsuccessful attempts at controlling her symptoms with traditional medical interventions, including antibiotics, opioids, and renal denervation. The patient received 8 sessions of hypnotherapy. Baseline, endpoint, and follow-up measures administered included the General Health Questionnaire, Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, McGill Pain Questionnaire, Pain Discomfort Scale, and visual analogue measures of pain, academic interference, and social interference. At follow-up, results indicated clinically significant decreases in pain, anxiety, and depression with nearly complete remission of presenting symptoms.
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PMID:Hypnotherapy intervention for loin pain hematuria: a case study. 2209 73


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