Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0011570 (depression)
 172,036 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Their frequency is estimated with difficulty, although on autopsy pulmonary edema is found almost routinely. It is a major complication of overdoses (48 p. 100 of severe intoxications). Their formation can be suspected, when after the first phase of respiratory depressions, with coma, myosis, and a variable latent period, a second attack of respiratory insufficiency occurs with tachypnea, and cyanosis. The chest X-ray shows diffuse alveolar infiltration, sparing the apices. The heart being generally of normal size. Rapid disappearance of this infiltrate (24 to 48 hours) enables the elimination of two diagnoses: pneumonia due to inhalation of gastric fluid, an infectious pneumonia. Their pathogenesis remains very debatable: - in the majority of cases abrupt L.V.F. can be eliminated: -on the other hand it could be an allergic accident of the anaphylactic type, or local liberation of histamine, or a local toxic action on the pulmonary capillaries; - hypoxia, secondary to respiratory depression, could lead to pulmonary edema, by the same mechanism as at altitude; - finally, owing to the central neurological disorders a neurogenic theory can be put forward. Their treatment is essentially a combination of Nalorphine with oxygen therapy (by mask, or if necessary by assisted, controlled ventilation) with prevention of inhalation of gastric fluid (gastric emptying) or curative treatment of possible aspiration by antibiotics, and cortico-steroids. Diuretics can be useful, as well as cardiotonics.
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PMID:[Pulmonary edemas due to acute heroin poisoning]. 0 75

Twenty-three children with advanced cancer refractory to conventional therapy received weekly iv doses of neocarzinostatin for 5 weeks. Doses were escalated from 500 to 6750 units/m2/week. Four types of toxic manifestations occurred: acute reactions consisting of shaking chills with or without fever and cyanosis (rigor), hypersensitivity, vomiting, and marrow depression. Evidence of oncolytic activity was limited to patients with acute leukemia in whom phase II trials at doses between 3000 and 4500 units/m2 appear warranted.
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PMID:Phase I study of neocarzinostatin in children with cancer. 15 67

Duck plague (Duck virus enteritis) was disgnosed in a resident population of Muscovy ducks (Cairina moschata) on a small game farm in Alberta. This disease has not been reported previously in Canada. Clinical signs consisted of cyanosis, depression and acute death. Necropsy of two Muscovy ducks revealed lesions typical of the disease. There were ulcerations with pseudomembranes in the small intestine, ulcerations with caseous plaques in the esophagus and eosinophilic intranuclear inclusion bodies in the spleen. Clinical disease with mortality was reproduced in young ducklings injected with tissue homogenates from field cases. All surviving inoculated ducklings seroconverted to highly significant titres of neutralizing antibodies to duck virus enteritis (DVE) virus. All attempts to isolate the agent in embryonating duck eggs or primary tissues cultures of duck and chicken kidney were negative. Identification of the DVE virus was accomplished by serum neutralization with ducklings as the host system.
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PMID:An outbreak of duck virus enteritis (duck plague) in Alberta. 18 Mar 2

Acute dapsone poisoning is rare and such cases are either accidental or suicidal. Though accidental DDS poisoning are reported in children, the same is fairly uncommon in adults. Only 2 such cases are reported in India literature. We here report 4 cases of fatal sucidial DDS poisoning in adults resulting death in 3 cases. The reported acute symptoms include nausea, vomiting, hyperexcitability followed by depression, Carpopedal spasm or convulsions. The most marked signs are dyspnoea and cyanosis. The symptoms are due to methaemoglobinaemia, and or sulphaemoglobinaemia. Normally dapsone induces red cell haemolysis and even with small therapeutic doses of 25-100 mg per day, and in toxic doses reduces the oxygen carrying capacity of blood and damages the red cells making them more vulnerable for haemolysis. The peculiarity of the presentation in this series are manifestation of severe haemorrhagic episode in one case and progressive jaundice in another besides cyanosis. None of the cases had carpopedal spasm or convulsion. Out of four cases three died inspite of intensive care, intravenous vitamin C, exchange transfusion (2 cases) and other supportive measures. Intravenous methylene blue could not be used in these cases due to non-availability.
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PMID:Acute fatal DDS poisoning. (Report of 4 cases). 48 Sep 16

Classical symptoms and signs common to most pulmonary diseases, such as dyspnea, cough, chest pain and cyanosis, are reviewed to assess their significance for diagnosis and evaluation of the degree of impairment in acute respiratory failure. While frequently useful for diagnosis, they are often inadequate to determine the degree of emergency. In each particular etiology other information is needed to obtain an objective and quantitative assessment. Two examples selected for their frequency are considered: barbiturate intoxication and severe exacerbations of asthma. The severity of barbiturate poisoning can be assessed clinically in the light of the degree of central nervous depression. Classical signs and wheezing are poorly correlated with the intensity of acute asthmatic attacks, but high-risk patients can be identified by seeking neglected physical findings such as pulsus paradoxus and sternomastoid muscle contraction. In many other pulmonary emergencies further studies are required to assess the usefulness of various clinical signs as objective indices of the severity of respiratory impairment.
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PMID:[Various aspects of respiratory emergencies in non-hospital practice]. 53 46

Sodium arachidonate (i.v.) has previously been shown to induce pulmonary emboli formation and a dose dependent cyanosis and respiratory depression in mice. Subsequently, we found that male mice are significantly more sensitive to arachidonate than females. Aspirin given orally 2 hours prior to arachidonate administration inhibits the responses of both males and females. Pretreatment with depo-testosterone markedly increases the effect of arachidonate in both males and females and depo-estradiol pretreatment reduces the responses in all mice. This exacerbation by testosterone of the arachidonate response and the attenuating effects of estradiol is consistent with data reported using other thrombogenic techniques.
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PMID:Arachidonate-induced thrombosis in mice: effects of gender or testosterone and estradiol administration. 86 7

Blood volume and clinical data are reported on 8 premature and 3 full-term infants who presented with symptoms apparently due to polycythemia or hypervolemia. These cases termed 'symptomatic neonatal plethora' were caused by large placental transfusions associated with delayed clamping of the umbilical cord. Tachypnea, mild cyanosis, plethoric skin color, and neurological depression persisted on average for 30 h after birth. Chest X-rays showed mild cardiomegaly, pulmonary congestion and edema, and pleural effusions. Although the course was in general benign, phlebotomy was considered to be indicated in three infants to treat progressive clinical deterioration. The symptomatology and blood volume on these infants were compared with infants in an ongoing study with controlled time of cord clamping. Neonatal plethora must be considered as one cause of 'transient tachypnea of the newborn'.
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PMID:Symptomatic neonatal plethora. 90 82

A 13-week oral repeated dose toxicity study of suplatast tosilate (IPD-1151T), a new anti-allergic agent, as well as a 5-week recovery study were carried out at dose levels of 0 (control), 50, 150, 450 and 1350 mg/kg/day using male and female beagle dogs. The results were as follows: 1. In general conditions, soft feces and diarrhea with specific smell were dose-dependently observed in males and females given 450 mg/kg/day or more. Both sexes given 1350 mg/kg/day, revealed reeling with dropped head, abnormal gait, dysstasia, lying at lateral or prone position, sedation, and tremor, and one male and one female in this group died after showing respiratory depression, collapse and cyanosis. 2. There were no significant or remarkable changes in body weight, food consumption, water consumption, ophthalmology, electrocardiogram, urinalysis, hematology, biochemistry, fecal occult blood test, and absolute and relative organ weights. 3. Pathological examination in dead animals revealed hemorrhagic change in the heart and slight vacuolar changes in hepatocytes. In survived animals, there were no pathological changes attributable to the IPD-1151T. 4. In electron microscopic examination, there were no abnormalities in the liver and kidney attributable to the IPD-1151T. 5. After 5-week recovery period, above-mentioned changes disappeared. 6. From the above results, the non-effective dose level and the toxic dose level were estimated to be 150 mg/kg/day and 1350 mg/kg/day, respectively, and no sex differences were found.
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PMID:[A thirteen-week oral repeated dose toxicity study of suplatast tosilate (IPD-1151T) in dogs]. 132 Dec 64

The familial transmission risk of developing bipolar disorder for first=degree relatives of the patient is 1.5-10.2%, however, the risk of any affective primary disorder is 15-20% in such relatives. Pregnancy places additional stress on patients, and physiological changes are particularly acute during postpartum. The risk of abnormalities and teratogenicity from psychotropic drugs is significant: taking of phenothiazines, tricyclic antidepressants, monoamine oxidase inhibitors, benzodiazepines, lithium, valproate, and clonazepam require extreme caution. In 225 pregnancies exposed to lithium in the 1st trimester congenital malformations occurred in 11%. Premature birth and macrosomia may also increase, thus halting lithium well before planned conception with weekly serum monitoring is advised. Recurrence of the illness can be managed by electroconvulsive therapy. About 40% of patients can experience postpartum mania or depression. Taking drugs up to delivery can result in behavioral teratogenesis in the neonate even in the absence of physical malformations. Lithium toxicity causes lethargy, hypotonia, tachycardia, coma, cyanosis, and chronic twitching in the newborn. Breast feeding is discouraged in women taking lithium because of the high rate of transmission to the infant. The stress of parenting can also trigger relapses of the disease. The deleterious effect of a manic or depressive mother on the child's development is manifested in criticism and stressing achievement often leads to low self-esteem. It behooves the psychiatrist to frankly reveal the risks of pregnancy to couples who wish to have a child or to advise about the pregnancy to term so they can make an informed decision.
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PMID:Family planning for women with bipolar disorder. 158 11

A family with benign familial neonatal convulsions (BFNC) was presented. The propositus had his first episodes of cyanosis on the second day after birth. Thereafter, he also experienced multifocal clonic and/or focal clonic seizures. Between the seizures he appeared well and was essentially normal upon physical examination. Treatment with phenobarbital (4 mg/kg/day, p.o.) was started, and subsequently, he had no further seizures until 3 months of age. At the age of 4 months, he was again admitted to the hospital because of generalized tonic-clonic seizures. The findings of ictal EEG at that time were characterized by fast spiking with increasing amplitude during the tonic phase. During the clonic phase, there were repetitive bursts of spikes or sharp waves mixed with persisting muscle potentials. The termination of the convulsion was characterized by general voltage depression. Reference to previously reported cases of BFNC revealed that 10-15% of patients with this disorder had epilepsies later in life.
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PMID:Benign familial neonatal convulsions: clinical features of the propositus and comparison with the previously reported cases. 185 17


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