Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0011570 (depression)
 172,036 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Bipolar affective disorder (BPAD; manic-depressive illness) is characterized by episodes of mania and/or hypomania interspersed with periods of depression. Compelling evidence supports a significant genetic component in the susceptibility to develop BPAD. To date, however, linkage studies have attempted only to identify chromosomal loci that cause or increase the risk of developing BPAD. To determine whether there could be protective alleles that prevent or reduce the risk of developing BPAD, similar to what is observed in other genetic disorders, we used mental health wellness (absence of any psychiatric disorder) as the phenotype in our genome-wide linkage scan of several large multigeneration Old Order Amish pedigrees exhibiting an extremely high incidence of BPAD. We have found strong evidence for a locus on chromosome 4p at D4S2949 (maximum GENEHUNTER-PLUS nonparametric linkage score = 4.05, P = 5. 22 x 10(-4); SIBPAL Pempirical value <3 x 10(-5)) and suggestive evidence for a locus on chromosome 4q at D4S397 (maximum GENEHUNTER-PLUS nonparametric linkage score = 3.29, P = 2.57 x 10(-3); SIBPAL Pempirical value <1 x 10(-3)) that are linked to mental health wellness. These findings are consistent with the hypothesis that certain alleles could prevent or modify the clinical manifestations of BPAD and perhaps other related affective disorders.
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PMID:A genome-wide search for chromosomal loci linked to mental health wellness in relatives at high risk for bipolar affective disorder among the Old Order Amish. 986 Oct 3

The first step in initiating treatment is to establish the diagnosis, confirming MDD and being careful to rule out BPAD and comorbid anxiety or substance abuse/dependence disorders. Consideration should be given to the pathophysiology of the MDD, recognizing that current technology does not allow its identification in an individual patient. The pathophysiology must be considered in the selection of initial treatment; if an initial treatment has failed, treatment with a medication that has a different or expanded mechanism of action should be considered. Clinicians must also consider the importance of psychotherapy, where indicated, and listen to the feedback of their patients, tempering it with a measure of objectivity. Finally, clinicians must constantly query themselves as to whether there has been sufficient improvement in their patients with depression. It is the willingness to be appropriately aggressive in treating MDD that will ensure a timely, optimal outcome for their patients.
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PMID:Remission as the goal of treatment in major depressive disorder. 1264 6

Catatonia is characterized by motor and behavioral symptoms and can arise in a wide variety of medical and psychiatric conditions. We describe the case of a 16-year-old female with a history of anxiety and depression who presented with prominent symptoms of negativism, initially diagnosed as conversion disorder. She failed to respond to increasing doses of benzodiazepines; after over six weeks of hospitalization, she received electroconvulsive therapy (ECT), resulting in significant remission of symptoms. This case demonstrates the importance of prompt diagnosis and treatment of catatonia in adolescent patients, as well as the safety and efficacy of ECT in this population. Abbreviations: AACAP: American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry; BPAD: Bipolar affective disorder; DSM-IV: Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 4th Edition; DSM-5: Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 5th Edition; ECT: Electroconvulsive therapy; NMDA: N-methyl-D-aspartate.
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PMID:Electroconvulsive therapy in an adolescent patient with catatonia: a case report. 3329 38