Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0011570 (depression)
 172,036 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Twenty-seven adults with acute poststreptococcal glomerulonephritis were divided into two groups according to the severity of reduction in renal function: (1) 14 patients with mild depression of renal function, and (2) 13 patients with more severe renal insufficiency. In the first group the outcome was favourable, with complete clinical recovery in 11 patients. Only two patients in the second group have recovered. Five have died of renal failure and in six the chronic stage has developed. The most notable histopathological lesion observed in this group of patients was severe proliferative glomerulonephritis with a large number of epithelial crescents. According to the mode of development and time of onset of renal failure, these 13 patients could be divided into three sub-groups: (1) early renal failure without oliguria (three patients), (2) early renal failure with severe oliguria or anuria (three patients) and (3) delayed renal failure (seven patients).Although there are exceptions, the development of renal insufficiency in an adult patient suffering from acute glomerulonephritis is usually associated with a guarded prognosis.
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PMID:The clinical spectrum of renal insufficiency during acute glomerulonephritis in the adult. 602 61

The authors report twenty two cases of post-operative gas gangrene. In the series studied mortality was 40.9 p. 100, independent of age and sex. Rapidly progressive forms were the most severe. The delay before effective treatment was prescribed influenced prognosis. In clinical terms, shock and associated renal insufficiency were grave, as well as a picture of respiratory distress which led, in certain cases, to contra-indication of one of the therapeutic possibilities, i.e. that of hyperbaric oxygen. Responsible organisms could be isolated in nineteen cases from local samples. There was a marked predominance (15 cases) of clostridium perfringens. Contamination with aerobic flora was common. Examination to assess favourizing circumstances led essentially to a conclusion of the role of microbial contamination, ischemia, broad spectrum antibiotics, absence of appropriate antibiotics and underlying immuno-depression. Treatment was based in the majority of cases on the triple combination of antibiotics, surgery and hyperbaric oxygen, as well as the correction of any general systemic disorders. Mortality was markedly reduced (31 p. 100) in patients receiving complete and early treatment. The gravity and recrudescence of disorders due to anaerobic organisms lead the authors to review current therapeutic possibilities. Appropriate treatment should be prescribed in all situations where an infection due to anaerobic organisms is feared, and should cover the risk of clostridial infection (penicillin 200,000 mu/kg/24 h) as well as the risk of bacteroides (metronidazole 25 mg/kg/24 h). Curative treatment should be prescribed, even in the absence of bacteriological proof, on the basis of presumptive clinical evidence, this being a true emergency which should not be delayed under any circumstances.
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PMID:[Postoperative gas gangrene. Apropos of 22 cases]. 611 45

To determine whether patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and active nephritis have more profound defects in cellular immune responses, we studied cell-mediated immunity (CMI) in 12 patients with lupus nephritis (LN) and 11 patients with chronic mesangial proliferative glomerulonephritis (CGN) without renal insufficiency. The LN patients had a significant depression in CMI, characterized by impaired delayed hypersensitivity skin reactivity to keyhole limpet haemocyanin (KLH), decreased percentage of T cells and diminished lymphocyte transformation to phytohaemagglutinin (PHA). The levels of concanavalin A (Con A)-induced suppressor cell activity (SCA) were significantly lower in LN patients compared with those in normal controls and those in CGN patients. The levels of all CMI parameters for the 6 LN patients with the nephrotic syndrome (NS) were significantly more decreased when compared with those of the 6 LN patients without NS. In contrast, the CMI levels in CGN patients with or without NS did not differ from normal subjects. These findings may lend further insight into the understanding of the immunoregulatory defect in LN.
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PMID:Defective cellular immune responses in lupus nephritis. 648 92

Overdosage with 280 mg nifedipine, verified by plasma nifedipine levels, led in a 23-year-old female patient with advanced renal insufficiency to features of marked vasodilation. Despite profound hypotension and preexisting anemia, tissue perfusion was adequately maintained. Neither cardiac conductance disturbances nor myocardial depression occurred. There was no evidence for major organ or organ system toxicity. The patient was successfully treated with intravenous calcium. Hemoperfusion did not significantly influence the clinical course. The recovery was uneventful. No late sequelae were observed.
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PMID:Clinical features and management of nifedipine overdosage in a patient with renal insufficiency. 652

Cell-mediated immunity (CMI) was evaluated in 8 patients with focal glomerular sclerosis (FGS), 50 patients suffering from chronic mesangial proliferative glomerulonephritis without renal insufficiency and 24 healthy controls. The following parameters were measured: delayed skin reactivity to purified protein derivative, circulating lymphocytes, lymphocyte cell-surface markers (neuraminidase-treated sheep erythrocyte and erythrocyte-antibody-complement rosettes) and functional markers (mitogenic responses to concanavalin A and phytohemagglutinin). The FGS patients with nephrotic syndrome (NS) had a significant depression in CMI, characterized by decreased responses of the lymphocytes to both concanavalin A and phytohemagglutinin, impaired delayed hypersensitivity to purified protein derivative and a decreased proportion of T lymphocytes as compared with normal subjects. In contrast, the levels of all CMI parameters studied in FGS patients in remission and in patients with chronic glomerulonephritis with or without NS did not differ from normal subjects. Thus, the majority of FGS patients with NS demonstrated an impaired response in a CMI assay system. The possible significance of these phenomena in the pathophysiology of FGS is discussed.
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PMID:Impaired cell-mediated immunity in focal glomerular sclerosis. 660 85

A young Black woman with mixed connective tissue disease (MCTD) developed an aseptic meningitis after receiving ibuprofen. The meningeal reaction, reported infrequently in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and only once previously in MCTD, was characterized by a predominantly polymorphonuclear cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) pleocytosis and depression of CSF glucose. Reversible renal insufficiency also occurred. Features suggestive of a hypersensitivity reaction included pruritus, conjunctivitis, facial oedema, desquamation of the palms and soles, and subsequent near total alopecia. Meningeal signs responded rapidly to systemic corticosteroid therapy. Patients with MCTD as well as those with SLE may be at peculiar risk of developing this uncommon reaction to ibuprofen.
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PMID:Ibuprofen-induced meningitis in mixed connective tissue disease. 698 77

The early use of gold in medicine and dentistry dates back to the ancient Chinese and Egyptians. The discovery in 1890 that gold salts were toxic in vitro to tubercle bacilli led to the extensive treatment of tuberculosis with gold salts in the first three decades of this century. Eventually, gold therapy was extended to arthritis and lupus erythematosus, because of the belief that these diseases were forms of tuberculosis. Because of its beneficial effect particularly on active rheumatoid arthritis, chrysotherapy has remained one of the most widely used treatments of rheumatoid arthritis for the past half century. Toxicity of gold salts includes hypersensitivity reaction of skin and mucous membranes, bone marrow depression, and nephrotoxicity. The nephrotoxic clinical manifestations are renal insufficiency, proteinuria and hematuria, and the nephrotic syndrome. The pathologic changes are tubular degeneration, acute tubular necrosis or immune complex glomerulonephritis. The justification that any of these possible changes are the result of gold therapy rests clinically upon the time relationship of gold therapy and the renal symptoms, and pathologically upon the presence of gold inclusions (aurosomes) in proximal tubular epithelial cells. Aurosomes can at times be visualized by light microscopy, are usually seen by electron microscopy, and can be identified by microprobe analysis. Their pathology will be illustrated and pathogenic mechanisms discussed.
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PMID:Gold nephropathy. 703 39

The author reviewed records of 10 patients who had experienced acute loxapine overdose. The most frequent medical complications were CNS depression, sinus tachycardia, hypertension, and hypothermia; 6 patients had had generalized major motor seizures, 1 had had recurrent paroxysmal atrial tachycardia, and 2 had had transient renal insufficiency from rhabdomyolysis and myoglobinuria. Other clinical effects from loxapine overdose were predominantly anticholinergic. The author recommends that loxapine-overdose patients receive ECG monitoring and treatment of medical complications in an intensive care unit.
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PMID:Seizures induced by acute loxapine overdose. 725 88

The paper presents the immunogenicity of hepatitis vaccine (obtained by genetic engineering) in immunocompromised patients with preterminal renal insufficiency defined by depression of creatinine clearance of 10 to 25 ml/min. The study consisted of 28 randomized patients with impaired renal function. Sixteen patients received a single dose and, twelve a double dose of vaccine. Revaccination following 3 intramuscular doses of vaccine had been undertaken after 24 weeks if antibodies were not detected or their titer was 10 i. u. or less. All patients obtained a booster dose following 52 weeks. There was no statistically significant difference in titer values between immunocompromised patients regardless of whether they were vaccinated with a single or double dose. The antibody titer in patients with chronic renal insufficiency was significantly lower as compared with the results of vaccination in healthy population. It may be concluded that it is more beneficial and less expensive to use a single dose vaccine and revaccination if the titer is negative or insufficiently high.
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PMID:The significance of immunocompromised condition in the prophylaxis of hepatitis B in chronic renal insufficiency. 750 30

Serum thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) levels were measured in 127 patients with varying grade of chronic renal failure (CRF). Sensitive immunoradiometricassays (IRMA) were used so that small changes in TSH levels if any, could be appreciated, and to see if such alterations exhibit some relationship with those in thyroid hormone levels. Mean serum TSH levels in the patient group of 2.33 microU/ml (0.07-7.3) was significantly higher in comparison to 1.73 microU/ml (0.25-4.6) in normal subjects (p < 0.001). However, they were not significantly different when measured by radioimmunoassay (RIA) as compared to normals. Serum triiodothyronine (T3), thyroxine (T4) and free triiodothyronine (FT3) levels of 72 +/- 32 ng/dl, 7.4 +/- 2.6 micrograms/dl and 2.9 +/- 0.9 pg/ml were significantly lower than in normal subjects, whereas serum free thyroxine (FT4) showed a slight though not significant elevation. When patients were divided in three subgroups according to the degree of renal insufficiency, TSH levels showed a gradual rise with corresponding depression in their T3, FT3 and T4 levels. In 19 patients who were on hemodialysis (HD) and subsequently received successful renal transplantation, most of the thyroid function parameters returned towards the normals with TSH undergoing significant depression from their pretransplant levels as well as from normal levels. The results indicated that a slight but significant elevation in TSH levels could be revealed by sensitive IRMA in patients with CRF. Rising TSH levels with increasing renal insufficiency and its inverse relationship with T3 and T4 levels suggest maintenance of pituitary thyroid axis.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:Measurement of serum thyrotropin levels using sensitive immunoradiometricassays in patients with chronic renal failure: alterations suggesting an intact pituitary thyroid axis. 752 29


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