Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0011570 (depression)
 172,036 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The immunosuppressive effects of three herpesviruses--cytomegalovirus (CMV), Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), and herpes simplex virus (HSV)--were assessed in 29 renal transplant recipients treated with cyclosporine and prednisone. The ratios of Leu 3-positive ("helper-inducer") to Leu 2-positive ("suppressor-cytotoxic") T lymphocytes in peripheral blood were only moderately and transiently decreased during primary CMV infection, with or without concurrent reactivated EBV and HSV infections. This effect was due to an increase in absolute numbers of Leu 2-phenotypic and decrease in Leu 3-phenotypic T cells and was associated with symptomatic viral illness. Reactivated CMV infection alone or together with reactivated EBV and HSV infections resulted in less significant alterations in T-cell subsets than did primary CMV infection. Lymphocyte blastogenesis was not significantly altered during the herpesvirus infections. The data suggest that cyclosporine treatment inhibits the activation of suppressor cells and depression of cellular immune function that have been associated with herpesvirus infections in renal transplant recipients undergoing conventional immunotherapy.
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PMID:Effect of herpesvirus infections on T-lymphocyte subpopulations and blastogenic responses in renal transplant recipients receiving cyclosporine. 300 96

We conducted studies on the peripheral blood of 12 depressed patients with previous diagnoses of mood and/or personality disorders. These patients, and other depressives we observed informally, were resistant to infectious mononucleosis during an epidemic of that illness. All 12 had serologic evidence of a chronic or recrudescent viremia caused by the Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), the infectious agent in infectious mononucleosis. Additional evidence that EBV viremia may be causally related to depression was provided by a strong correlation between the intensity of depressive symptoms and the cellular immune response to the EBV infection.
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PMID:Depression correlated with cellular immunity in systemic immunodeficient Epstein-Barr virus syndrome (SIDES). 300 45

Sera from 37 Nigerian men with Kaposi's sarcoma were examined for evidence of infection with human T-cell lymphotropic virus type III (HTLV-III), cytomegalovirus (CMV), Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), hepatitis B virus (HBV), hepatitis A virus (HAV), and Candida albicans. For comparison purposes, sera from 30 patients with primary cell liver carcinoma and 150 health young adults were also assessed. The Kaposi's sarcoma patients were in poor general condition, with severe anemia and gross sepsis. In each case, cutaneous disease affected only the limbs-- a finding that is in contrast with the visceral organ involvement seen in most black African victims. The serologic testing provided clear evidence that tropical African Kaposi's sarcoma is not associated with HTLV-III infection; non of the 217 serum samples analyzed from the 3 study groups showed antibodies to this virus. A widespread pattern among the Kaposi's sarcoma and liver carcinoma patients was depression of peripheral blood monocyte chemotaxis and a diminished, delayed-type hypersensitivity reaction to tuberculin. All patients in these 2 groups demonstrated circulating antibodies to CMV, EBV, HBV, AND HAV. Candida albicans was isolated from 30 of the 37 Kaposi's sarcoma patients and all 30 liver carcinoma patients compared with none of the health controls. These findings suggest that endemic tropical African Kaposi's sarcoma is a different disease than the epidemic AIDS-linked Kaposi's sarcoma reported from the US, and it is probable that different etiologic agents are involved in each case.
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PMID:Kaposi's sarcoma and HTLV-III: a study in Nigerian adult males. 302 63

Patients with multiple myeloma are generally immunodeficient, with pronounced depression in primary antibody responses. We have attempted to delineate the reasons for the humoral immunodeficiency by analyzing the specificity repertoire of the surface immunoglobulin (Ig)-positive B cells in patients with multiple myeloma or monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance (MGUS), in comparison with normal donors. B lymphocytes from 26 patients with multiple myeloma, 12 patients with MGUS, and 8 normal donors were transformed with Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) and cultured at limiting dilution for clonal analysis. The Ig secreted by each clone was analyzed for class and anti-tetanus toxoid (TT) specificity to determine the frequencies of IgM, IgG, anti-TT IgM, and anti-TT IgG antibody-secreting clones. Our objective was to establish whether the inability to mount humoral responses to common environmental pathogens was due to a lack of specific B cells or to inhibition of B-cell function. Our results indicate that the quantitative B-cell deficiency in patients was due to a nonrandom loss of selected sets of B cells. Although most patients had a reduced aggregate number of B cells, the number of TT-specific B cells was normal. There was, on average, a threefold increase in the proportion of the B-cell specificity repertoire devoted to recognition of TT. Forty-four percent of the patients with MGUS were also affected. In addition, the TT-specific B cells in multiple myeloma patients were severely compromised in their ability to secrete antibody or to differentiate to antibody-secreting cells in vivo. This arrest in differentiation appears to be extrinsic to the B cells, as they were fully able to secrete anti-TT antibody after transformation and culture in vitro. We postulate the existence of an autoimmune inhibitory network mediating the arrest in B-cell differentiation and the humoral immune deficiency.
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PMID:Humoral immune deficiency in multiple myeloma patients due to compromised B-cell function. 302 34

To determine whether major depressive disorder might be associated with serologic evidence for a chronic active Epstein-Barr virus infection, viral-specific antibodies were measured in two separate groups of depressed patients (N=43) and in 46 appropriately matched healthy volunteers. No evidence that depression affects cellular immunity to the point that a persistent Epstein-Barr virus carrier state becomes activated was found. There was also no evidence that depression results from an unrecognized chronic active Epstein-Barr virus infection. The authors conclude that the routine clinical determination of expensive commercial Epstein-Barr virus antibody profiles is not indicated in most patients with major depressive disorder in the absence of other signs of chronic active Epstein-Barr viral infection.
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PMID:Serum antibodies to Epstein-Barr virus in patients with major depressive disorder. 302 14

13 patients with cryptogenic fibrosing alveolitis (CFA) and 12 with interstitial lung disease (ILD) of known cause were studied for their humoral response to herpes simplex virus (HSV), cytomegalovirus (CMV), and Epstein-Barr virus (EBV). Serum antibodies to HSV and CMV were within the normal range in all patients. 10 patients with CFA had raised serum antibodies to EBV, and IgA against viral-capsid antigen (VCA) was detectable in all 13. In the other 12 patients EBV serological profiles were normal and IgA against VCA was detectable in only 1 patient. The EBV antibody levels did not correlate with the level of circulating immune complexes, the presence of rheumatoid factors, or the cytological findings of the alveolitis. The presence of IgG against VCA in 5 CFA patients suggests local production of EBV-specific immunoglobulins. Elevated IgG and IgA against EBV in CFA may indicate non-specific depression of cell-mediated immunity or that EBV plays a part in the aetiology of CFA.
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PMID:Cryptogenic fibrosing alveolitis and Epstein-Barr virus: an association? 614 20

A previously healthy patient with classic hemophilia who was on a home infusion program with factor VIII concentrates developed an acquired immunodeficiency syndrome manifested by a dramatic weight loss (47 kg over 12 months), lassitude, transient thrombocytopenia, and opportunistic infections with Varicella zoster, Pneumocystis carinii, and Mycobacterium avium-intracellulare. The patient was not homosexual and had no history of intravenous drug abuse. Immunologic studies showed a persistent lymphopenia with reversal of helper/suppressor-cytotoxic T-lymphocyte ratios, depression of human natural killer cell function, and in-vitro lymphocyte proliferative responses to mitogens and viral antigens. Serum IgA levels were also elevated. Serum antibodies against cytomegalovirus, herpes simplex viruses 1 and 2, Epstein-Barr virus, Varicella zoster, and hepatitis B virus were shown, suggesting previous infection by these agents. Reactivation of cytomegalovirus infection was suggested by a rising titer of antibodies against cytomegalovirus concurrent with pneumocystis pneumonia, and was confirmed by the growth of this virus in a throat culture 2 months later.
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PMID:Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome with Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia and Mycobacterium avium-intracellulare infection in a previously healthy patient with classic hemophilia. Clinical, immunologic, and virologic findings. 629 53

There is a substantial body of evidence suggesting an association between Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) and undifferentiated nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). The present study has compared a group of NPC patients (newly diagnosed and long-term survivors) and controls for EBV-specific T-cell immunity using the regression of transformation assay. Newly diagnosed patients (17 tested) when compared with either long-term survivors (20 tested) or controls (30 tested) showed a significant impairment in virus-specific T-cell immunity (p = 0.036, p = 0.043 respectively). Furthermore, donors with IgA antibody to EBV showed a significant depression in virus-specific T-cell immunity compared with donors without IgA antibody (19 IgA-positive, 48 IgA-negative; p = 0.0025). These results may be important in explaining the postulated role of EBV in the aetiology of NPC.
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PMID:Epstein-Barr virus specific T-cell response in nasopharyngeal carcinoma patients. 630 78

The effects of naturally occurring sweetening agents, which inhibited the induction of Epstein-Barr virus-associated early antigen (EBV-EA) induced by 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA), and related compounds on the induction of ornithine decarboxylase (ODC) by TPA is examined. Application of glycyrrhetinic acid or steviol to mouse skin 1 h before TPA treatment showed a remarkable decrease in TPA-induced ODC activity. Post-treatment with glycyrrhetinic acid or steviol 1 h after application of TPA also resulted in a considerable depression in the induction of ODC activity. Neither glycyrrhetinic acid nor steviol alone induced epidermal ODC activity. These results suggest that glycyrrhetinic acid and steviol interfere with the process of induction of epidermal ODC by TPA treatment of mouse skin. cis-Abienol, frullanolide and norambreinolide, which have a partially similar structure in the moiety with glycyrrhetinic acid or steviol, were tested. cis-Abienol and frullanolide showed an inhibitory effect when applied 1 h before TPA treatment, but norambreinolide was not effective. A relationship between suppression of ODC activity and inhibition of EBV-EA induction is discussed.
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PMID:Inhibition of 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate-induced ornithine decarboxylase activity in mouse epidermis by sweetening agents and related compounds. 631 13

The hematologic and immunologic responses to infection with either the Epstein-Barr virus alone or infection with Epstein-Barr virus and Plasmodium knowlesi were studied using common marmosets (Callithrix jacchus). The assays performed included complete blood cell counts, determinations of natural killer cell activity, and determinations of antibody titers to Epstein-Barr virus early antigen, virus capsid antigen and the nuclear antigen. While no animal showed signs of lymphoproliferative disease, it was found that animals infected with Epstein-Barr virus became positive for early antigen, virus capsid antigen and nuclear antigen at low levels. No difference in antibody titers between Epstein-Barr virus infected animals and co-infected animals was observed. An increase also was found in the number of leukocytes in all groups, and an increase in natural killer cells following infection with Epstein-Barr virus. Some depression in natural killer cells was observed in the co-infected animals when compared to Epstein-Barr virus infected animals.
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PMID:Hematologic and immunologic responses in common marmosets (Callithrix jacchus) infected with Plasmodium knowlesi and Epstein-Barr virus. 632 14


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