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Query: UMLS:C0011570 (depression)
 172,036 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The total number of adults with Down's syndrome living in Leicestershire, ascertained by widespread enquiry, was found to be 378. Of these, 371 were matched with adults with mental handicap due to other pathologies, on the basis of age, sex, and type of residence. Those with Down's syndrome were found to have a different spectrum of mental disorders from those without the syndrome. In particular, Down's syndrome patients were more likely to have been diagnosed as having depression and dementia; the controls were more likely to have been diagnosed as suffering from conduct disorder, personality disorder, or schizophrenia/paranoid state. The same proportion of each group had been given a diagnosis of autism.
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PMID:Differential rates of psychiatric disorders in adults with Down's syndrome compared with other mentally handicapped adults. 833 Jan 25

An empirical study investigated the work stressors and psychological strains experienced by health visitors in three areas of Hertfordshire and Bedfordshire. A questionnaire, based on Payne's model of occupational stress, probed the perceived demands, supports and constraints of the work and the coping strategies used by the health visitors. The research aimed to establish the extent and nature of strain using validated indicators of general anxiety and depression, to pinpoint specific features of the work which are associated with the strain measures, and to suggest possible changes to working practices. While health visitors found their jobs generally satisfying, a significant number of staff were under strain even though the mean levels of strain were lower than those observed in social workers and hospital-based nursing staff working with people who have a mental handicap, and little different from women who work in industry. Many aspects of the job were perceived to be demanding yet the demanding nature of cases was not related to strain measures. There were, however, interesting statistical relationships between strain scores and demands concerned with colleagues and managers and the amount of support a health visitor perceived.
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PMID:The stressors and strains of health visiting: demands, supports, constraints and psychological health. 193 21

Erotomanic delusions occurred in a depressed mentally handicapped woman. Although erotomania is generally classified with paranoid disorders, in people with mental handicap, depression may be the more commonly associated illness.
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PMID:Depression-dependent erotomanic delusions in a mentally handicapped woman. 201 36

Mental disability, variables associated with it and predictors of mental disability in late life were studied in 716 men from eastern and southwestern Finland in connection with the 25-year follow-up of the east-west study, which formed the Finnish part of the seven-countries study. The examinations were carried out in autumn 1984, when the men were 65-84 years of age. According to a 10-item mental status questionnaire, 95% of the men had normal mental capacities. There were no differences between the 2 areas. Old age, low educational level, low functional capacity, low body mass index, low serum cholesterol, low diastolic blood pressure, low alcohol or coffee consumption, low hemoglobin, low serum calcium, low serum triiodothyronine, high scores on the Zung Self-rating Depression Scale, and presence of transient ischemia or stroke were associated with mental disability in 1984. In the prospective analysis, low forced vital capacity, low forced expiratory volume in 0.75 s and high blood pressure in middle age predicted mental disability in old age.
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PMID:Mental disability among elderly men in Finland: prevalence, predictors and correlates. 259 44

The dexamethasone suppression test was administered to 12 mentally handicapped depressed patients. One of the four patients with major depressive disorder, but none of those with other diagnoses, failed to suppress cortisol production. The International Classification of Diseases and the Newcastle Diagnostic Index were found to be unreliable for use with severely mentally handicapped patients. Modifications are proposed which would allow the Research Diagnostic Criteria and Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression to be applied to patients with any degree of mental handicap.
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PMID:Depression in mentally handicapped patients: diagnostic and neuroendocrine evaluation. 377 89

Interviews were performed on 1288 people aged 70 and over in two large practices in South Wales. Information was obtained by standardised questionnaire on three measures: anxiety, depression and physical disability. These were related to the use of services by the elderly people. It was found that the use of services was related to both physical and mental disability independently. This held for most of the individual services. The degree of psychological disturbance is therefore important for estimating the future demand for services by elderly people.
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PMID:The importance of mental disabilities for the use of services by the elderly. 716 34

Fifty elderly patients were assessed at home by physicians trained in geriatric medicine. The patients had been referred by physicians, relatives, or community services. Reasons for referral usually were nonspecific and involved either a request for overall assessment or recommendations about placement. Assessment included medical, psychiatric, social and functional components. Mental impairment and impairment in the activities of daily living were common. New medical or psychiatric diagnoses were contributed in 36 instances. The most frequent previously unnoticed pathologic disorders were mental impairment and depression. Assessment resulted in specialists' advice concerning such matters as the medication program, placement, increased support, further diagnostic work and, in two instances, prompt admission to a hospital.
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PMID:Assessment of elderly patients at home: a report of fifty cases. 726 31

The case of a person with severe mental handicap whose pica became uncontrollable during episodes of depressive illness is described. Treatment of the depression with lofepramine markedly reduced the pica, and withdrawal of lofepramine led to recurrence. It is suggested that biological symptoms of depression should be monitored in people with severe mental handicap who show significant episodic worsening of long-standing repetitive behaviour.
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PMID:Worsening of pica as a symptom of depressive illness in a person with severe mental handicap. 833 Jan 16

The Doe case on a benefit cap for AIDS coverage raises the question of parity in insurance benefits under the Americans with Disabilities Act. Another ADA Title I case focuses on discrimination in private employment. In [name removed] v. Kmart Corp., a store manager with a history of depression claimed he was discriminated against because of a mental condition. The store applied a cap on long-term mental disability benefits that differed from that for physical benefits. The courts will decide the question of whether the ADA permits employers to discriminate in providing long-term benefits based only on distinctions between mental and physical causes.
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PMID:Petition also filed in Title I case. 1136 11

The introduction of assisted reproduction has resulted in a growing number of multiple births. These infants and their parents experience increased, and sometimes unique, medical and psychological risks when compared to singletons. Rates of maternal morbidity, fetal and infant mortality are increased in multiple pregnancies. Twins have a death rate four times higher than singletons and this figure is six times higher for triplets. The main reason is preterm and very preterm birth in multiples, resulting in low and very low birth weight children. Perinatal mortality and morbidity are also more elevated in monozygotic (MZ) twins as compared to dizygotic (DZ) twins. In addition to an increased risk of mortality, multiples have higher rates of morbidity, specifically cerebral palsy and mental subnormality. Language and speech delays are more pronounced in multiples, as are cognitive delays, motor development, behavioural problems and difficulties in parent-child interactions. Depression among parents of multiples is reported to be higher than those of singletons. This paper aims to critically appraise the literature regarding the aforementioned topics, including a comparison between the outcomes for iatrogenic and spontaneously conceived twins and to suggest areas for further research.
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PMID:Follow-up of twins: health, behaviour, speech, language outcomes and implications for parents. 1669 Feb 32


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