Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0011570 (depression)
 172,036 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Lymphocyte subpopulations and cell-mediated cytotoxicity (CMI) were studied during radiation therapy in 16 patients with ovarian carcinoma. The total lymphocyte count became depressed in all patients. The depression was more marked among T cells, while the proportion of B cells remained unaffected. In patients with Stage I and II ovarian cancer, CMI was depressed significantly by radiotherapy after 7 days of treatment, remained low at 14 days but recovered despite continuation of radiation. This depression of CMI occurred at a delivered dose of 1,000 rads with subsequent recovery. Patients with Stage III ovarian cancer given pelvic and abdominal radiation were found to have no consistent depression of CMI, a finding similar to that in Stage III ovarian carcinoma patients given chemotherapy.
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PMID:Effect of radiation on cell-mediated cytotoxicity and lymphocyte subpopulations in patients with ovarian carcinoma. 63 44

Although primary treatment for cancer has been associated with psychosocial distress, less research has focused on patients with advanced disease. Traditionally, the outcomes of treatment have been assessed using biomedical criteria, including tumour regression, progression and survival. It is argued that these data are inadequate to understand the impact of cancer upon the patient. Instead, quality of life considerations are crucial when treatments are aversive, especially when the aims are palliative rather than curative. Fifty-three patients with advanced breast cancer or ovarian cancer were studied prospectively for 6 months to assess whether the site and method of chemotherapy administration influenced their quality of life. Patients received palliative chemotherapy either at home or in hospital. Quality of life was operationalized as measurement of anxiety, depression, self-esteem, health locus of control, physical performance and symptoms. In addition, semi-structured interviews explored social roles, relationships, and perceptions of treatment. Hospital administered chemotherapy was perceived to be most distressing. Regression analysis indicated that anxiety and depression accounted for most of the variance in quality of life. Patients who died during the study 13 (24%) experienced considerable psychological and physical morbidity. Women over 60 years, experienced less psychological and physical distress. Quality of life broadens the criteria by which cancer treatments are evaluated, to include the experience of the patient.
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PMID:A study of quality of life in cancer patients receiving palliative chemotherapy. 128 35

We compared the hormonal and epidemiological aspects of ovarian cancer patients in search of the etiology of this neoplasia. Case-control studies of Japanese women with and without cancer were conducted in parallel, with regard to both the excretion of 14 urinary steroids and the pertinent physical and physiological parameters. The results obtained are as follows: 1) premenopausal ovarian cancer patients before and after radical ovariectomy and postmenopausal-postoperative patients were associated with a specified steroid deviation profile characterized by a combination of general depression of androgens, progestins and corticosteroids with sole rescue of tetrahydrocortisol (THF) in urine. 2) The deviation profile of postmenopausal-preoperative cancer patients was distinguished from the 3 partner profiles by its preservation of normalcy in the excretions of androgen and progestin in urine. 3) Ovarian cancer patients were associated with growth retardation, when compared with urban healthy controls and patients with either breast cancer or endometrial cancer by the age-matching method. Ovarian cancer patients were also less fertile than age-matched normal controls, and were as infertile as age-matched patients with either breast cancer or endometrial cancer. 4) Epidemiological evidence was presented to suggest that the incidence of ovarian cancer in Japan was increasing in parallel with the recent increase of social tension in Japan. The possible relevance of the hormonal characteristics of ovarian cancer patients to both the epidemiological characteristics of the same cancer patients and the genesis of this neoplasia is discussed in the light of the 2-step carcinogenesis theory.
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PMID:Relation between the hormonal and epidemiological aspects of ovarian cancer patients in Japan. 144 27

A total of 61 patients with recurrent or persistent clinically measurable platin-resistant epithelial ovarian carcinoma were treated with 260 mg/m2 oral hexamethylmelamine daily for 14 days, repeated at 4-week intervals. Platin resistance was defined as progression or stable disease during cis- or carboplatin treatment (used alone or in combination with other drugs), or relapse within 6 months after the end of that therapy. Fifty patients were evaluable for response and 57 for toxicity. The objective response rate was 14% (3 complete and 4 partial responses). The response rate was higher in patients with relapse within 6 months than in patients with progression or stable disease on platin-based therapy. This observation underscores the importance of defining response and time to progression after first-line chemotherapy. The median duration of response was 8 months and the median survival in responding patients was 9+ months versus 5 months for patients with progression on hexamethylmelamine. Nausea and vomiting requiring antiemetic treatment occurred in 8 (14%) patients and reversible peripheral neuropathy in 3 patients. Two patients developed agitation, insomnia, and depression during hexamethylmelamine therapy. In conclusion, the 14% objective response rate and the occurrence of complete responses with oral hexamethylmelamine treatment in a group of ovarian cancer patients with true platin resistance are noteworthy.
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PMID:Hexamethylmelamine as second-line therapy in platin-resistant ovarian cancer. 147 37

Female hormonal contraceptives, introduced commercially in 1959, contained 10 mg of norethynodrel and .15 mg of mestranol. The estrogen and progesterone doses were progressively reduced over time. In 1989, approximately 60 million couples used oral contraceptives (OCs) ranging from 1% in Japan to 40% in the Netherlands. The monophasic pill contains .01 - .04 mg of ethinyl estradiol (EE), and the biphasic pill contains increasing doses of progesterone and estroprogesterone in the course of the menstrual cycle. Triphasic combined pills contain an initially dominant estrogen dose. In oral sequential pills, estrogen is given on days 14-16 followed by a estroprogesterone for 5-7 days. Micropills with progesterone, injectables with medroxyprogesterone, and 3rd-generation OCs such as gestoden with a low progesterone dose of .04 mg/day and reduced androgenic activity are among other OCs. The OCs are administered in 21-22 day packets. Absolute contraindications include history of venous thrombosis, atherogenic lipid profile, hormone-dependent cancer, and allergy. Relative contraindications include arterial ailments, smoking, hypertension, older age, obesity, and familial history of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular accidents. Interactions with antibiotics (ampicillin and tetracycline) occur as the modified intestinal flora reduces the level of deconjugated EE. Most frequent side effects are depression, modification of libido, ocular disorders, headache, and urinary infection. Benefits include favorable modification of menstrual cycle, and reduction of endometriosis and endometrial and ovarian cancer. Systemic risks such as cardiovascular and blood coagulation effects occur mainly with high-dose OCs. Further topics addressed are the cancer risk and protective effect of OCs, postcoital OCs, traditional contraception, the IUD, RU-486, implants, vaccination with the human antigonadotropine, and the vaginal ring.
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PMID:[Family planning with different contraceptive methods]. 182 14

In this article we have studied the behaviours of different lymphocyte subpopulations (T11, T8, T4, B4 and B1) in the peripheral blood of 60 patients suffering from ovarian cancer during radio- and chemotherapy with the APAAP-technique. The most important results of our study are that compared with the chemotherapy the radiotherapy causes greater lymphocyte depression, that the subpopulations of T-lymphocyte with the exception of T8 show greater radio-sensitivities than B-lymphocyte, that T8-subpopulation is not radio-sensitive, and that the T11-, T4-, B4- and B1-subpopulations of the patients at stage I and II can recover from the depression caused by radiation much better than the corresponding subpopulations of the patients at stage III and IV.
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PMID:[Immunologic studies in patients with ovarian carcinoma during radio-chemotherapy. I. Studies of lymphocyte subpopulations]. 196 78

The purpose of this study was to examine relationships between fatigue and various physical and psychological factors in women undergoing chemotherapy for ovarian cancer. The Rhoten Fatigue Scale (RFS) and the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) were used to evaluate levels of fatigue and depression in the patient sample. The sample was composed of 12 adult ovarian cancer patients who were receiving chemotherapy and 12 apparently healthy adult women. The patients' responses to the instruments used in this study indicated no significant relationship between fatigue and age, stage of disease, course of treatment, or depression. Weak-to-moderate relationships were found between levels of fatigue and CA 125 levels. A moderately strong (r = 0.68, p less than 0.01) relationship was found between ratings on the RFS and fatigue items on the BDI. A fatigue trajectory was found to peak at day 7 and to slowly decline during the remainder of the 28-day treatment course.
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PMID:Fatigue in cancer patients. A descriptive study. 201 47

Hexamethylmelamine (HMM) was selected for development as an antineoplastic agent because it demonstrated activity in a variety of preclinical tumor models. Its mechanism of action is unknown. It has been used in clinical trials since 1964. The clinical toxic effects have consisted of signs and symptoms involving the following systems: gastrointestinal (nausea, vomiting, anorexia), hematologic (leukopenia, mild anemia), and neurologic (critical depression, hallucinations, peripheral motor and sensory deficits). Antitumor activity against advanced ovarian cancer was demonstrated in phase I trials and the drug was quickly incorporated into trials which utilized drug combinations. The majority of these have consisted of phase II trials without an identified control population. As might be predicted, all of the HMM-containing combinations are active. However, the contribution of HMM to the antitumor activity of the combination remains conjectural. Thus, in spite of greater than 15 years of clinical trials with a drug that has single-agent activity, the questions regarding the role of HMM in the treatment of ovarian cancer remain unanswered.
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PMID:Role of hexamethylmelamine in the treatment of ovarian cancer: where is the needle in the haystack? 308 97

In October 1978, the Swedish Cooperative Ovarian Cancer Study Group started a randomized comparison of doxorubicin 40 mg/m2 and melphalan 0.4 mg/kg with melphalan 1 mg/kg every four weeks in International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics (FIGO) stages III and IV ovarian cancer of serous and anaplastic histology. One hundred sixty-eight patients entered the study, and 148 were evaluable at five years or longer. All had residual tumors larger than 10 cm, with appropriate stratification according to stage, histologic grade, and age. Definition of response was according to World Health Organization (WHO) criteria except that we required three months' regression of all clinically detectable tumors instead of one month. Seventy-three women treated with doxorubicin plus melphalan had a significantly higher response rate than 75 patients treated with melphalan alone (54.7 versus 26.7%; P less than .0001), median duration of response (13.0 versus 7.3 months; P less than .0057), and median survival time (18.5 versus 10.5 months; P less than .0001). Combined treatment produced significantly more complete remissions than single-agent therapy (30 versus 6.7%; P less than .001). At 60 months, ten patients were alive in the doxorubicin plus melphalan group, compared with three in the melphalan group. Temporary bone marrow depression was significantly more frequent in the melphalan-treated patients, but subjective side effects were the same in both groups.
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PMID:Melphalan with and without doxorubicin in advanced ovarian cancer. 330 9

The psychosocial situation of the patient with ovarian cancer is characterized by interacting of the individual experiencing of the disease and the therapy and of the reactions of the social environment, especially of the next of kin and the physicians. The disease and the therapy cause a severe threat of psychophysical integrity, followed by prejudice of self-esteem and plans for the personal future. If this threat is not solved, often depression, loss of social status, and social withdrawal with isolation are following. The patient concentrates her hope for recovery on the attending physician in a central, projective superelevated way. For that reason, he is highly responsible to react on the subtile signals of distress in a patient, empathical, and encouraging attitude.
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PMID:[Psychosocial status of the patient with extensive and advanced ovarian cancer]. 637 40


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