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Query: UMLS:C0011570 (depression)
 172,036 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Twelve adolescent males with a history of chronic solvent abuse were compared with 12 delinquent controls on a structured interview concerning their history of solvent abuse, drug and alcohol abuse, and on a self-report inventory of depression. Solvent abusers had histories of severe social and emotional deprivation, and reported higher rates of depression. This was particularly true of the most chronic abusers of solvents. These findings do not reflect any referral bias and it is concluded that the association between chronic solvent abuse and depression is a real one. Psychological, social work and psychiatric services need to take the presentation of chronic solvent abuse more seriously.
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PMID:Chronic solvent abuse. 2. Relationship with depression. 231 Nov 98

Previous studies mention that some solvent abusers have a depressed mood. This study sets out to determine in a formal way whether solvent abusers are more depressed than a comparison group of non-solvent abusers. Forty-seven consecutive admissions (all with delinquent histories) to the secure unit of a regional assessment centre for adolescent boys, who fulfilled certain criteria, were assessed. They completed the General Health 28 item questionnaire (GHQ-28) and the Great Ormond Street (GOS) mood questionnaire. Thereafter, they were administered a semi-structured interview covering the following areas--solvent abuse data, educational data, demographic and family data, criminal history and other drug use data. Results showed that significantly more solvent abusers were depressed than non-solvent abusers as defined by GOS-mood scores of 25 or more (P less than 0.05). Also, mean GHQ-28 total scores (P less than 0.02), GHQ-28 depression subscale scores (P less than 0.02), and GOS-mood scores (P less than 0.05) were significantly higher in the solvent abuse group. In conclusion, solvent abusers are more depressed than a comparison non-solvent abusing group.
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PMID:Depression in solvent abusers. 361 80

Inhalation abuse of volatile solvents, previously known generically as "glue sniffing," is typically pursued by adolescents. A wide range of legal, easily obtained products containing volatile substances are available for abuse. We report two illustrative cases of fatal volatile substance abuse: gasoline sniffing in a 20-year-old man and aerosol propellant gas inhalation (aerosol air freshener) in a 16-year-old girl with underlying reactive airway disease. Although the ratio of deaths to nonfatal inhalation escapades is extremely low, volatile solvent abuse carries the risk of sudden death due to cardiac arrest after a dysrhythmia or vasovagal event, central nervous system respiratory depression, hypoxia and hypercapnia due to the techniques of inhalation, and other mechanisms. Investigation of the patient's substance abuse history, examination of the scene of death, and special toxicologic analyses are critical to identifying volatile substance inhalation abuse as the cause of death because anatomic autopsy findings will typically be nonspecific. Above all, physicians must suspect the diagnosis of volatile substance inhalation abuse, especially in any case of sudden death involving an otherwise healthy young person.
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PMID:A whiff of death: fatal volatile solvent inhalation abuse. 879 Mar 10

Petroleum products are highly complex chemical mixtures consisting predominantly of hydrocarbons. Their composition varies with source and intended use of the product. Virtually all are blended products that come into contact with man in a wide range of circumstances. Their toxicity for man is generally low and the use of additives rarely affects the toxicity of the final product. Because products are blended to meet performance, and not chemical specifications, their composition varies significantly. Management of toxicity benefits from simplified guidelines that consider the product by its type. Management in most cases is symptomatic, but the doctor needs to be aware of the potential for development of sequelae such as aspiration pneumonia and central nervous system (CNS) depression. Local and systemic effects of exposure to hydrocarbons are reviewed, as are immediate assessment and recommended management of acute exposure to petroleum products. Because of the large scope of this subject, this paper limits itself to acute toxicity of petroleum products encountered inthe public domain. It does not address topics such as chronic toxicity, solvent abuse, petrochemicals, or pesticides.
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PMID:Assessment and management of acute poisoning by petroleum products. 1192 9