Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0011570 (depression)
 172,036 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

100 consecutively referred school-age children were evaluated for learning or behavior disorders. 45 children had one of three classical neurological syndromes of epilepsy, sensorineural deafness, or childhood migraine. The 26 children with epilepsy required medication adjustment to improve behavior or learning. Operational criteria for childhood depression, specific learning disability, developmental hyperactivity, and Gilles de la Tourette syndrome were used to establish the correct diagnosis in 55 children. 32 children had a single diagnosis, while 23 children fulfilled the criteria of two diagnostic categories. The diagnostic categorization permitted specific counseling of the child and family, development of a proper school program, and correct pharmacotherapy (when indicated).
 ...
PMID:Use of operational criteria in an office practice for diagnosis of children referred for evaluation of learning or behavior disorders. 50 49

Occurrence of learning disabilities was determined in 30 inpatient children aged 6-12 with major depressive disorder (MDD). Learning disabilities (LD) occurred seven times more often compared to community base rates (33% v 4.7%). While rates of comorbid diagnoses, severity of depression, and children's and parents' reports (DICA-C, DICA-P) did not differ between groups, teachers' reports (TRS, TRF) indicated increased classroom problems and poorer adaptive functioning in MDD/LD subjects (P < 0.0001).
 ...
PMID:Depression and learning disabilities in children. 143 Jun 68

131 subjects completed the Beck Depression Inventory, Coopersmith's Self-esteem Inventory--Short Form, the first 11 questions of the Beck Scale of Suicide Ideation, and gave some background information. The students receiving free or reduced-cost lunches scored lower on self-esteem, while students who had been absent more than 15 times scored higher on depression and suicide ideation and had lower GPAs than students who were not absent as often but had similar scores on self-esteem. Students who were below the 25th percentile on the SRA Composite score had lower GPAs. 9 students in special education in Learning Disabilities and Behavioral Disordered categories had scores similar to those of 121 regular education students on depression, self-esteem, suicide ideation, and GPA. Indicators for children at-risk provide clues about how children think about themselves, others, and the world in which they live.
 ...
PMID:Depression, self-esteem, suicide ideation, and GPAs of high school students at risk. 145 40

Neurofibromatosis is one of the most frequent autosomal-dominant hereditary disorders. Neoplastic, dysplastic and dysraphic lesions characterize the disease from the viewpoint of a neurologist. Depression, suicide, emotional instability, learning disability and behavior disorder are important aspects for the neuropsychiatric evaluation. Treatment of the patients will be facilitated by following the diagnostic criteria and by an interdisciplinary approach to diagnosis. The gene-molecular differentiation of NF I and NF II provides a basis for a more profound understanding of the disease which allows for more than just the clinical description. Cloning of the gene of NF I will give the possibility of predictive diagnosis of NF I. At present an indirect prenatal diagnosis of the genetic disorder is possible by flanking markers of NF I.
 ...
PMID:[Neurofibromatosis: current clinical and molecular genetic aspects from the neurologic viewpoint]. 167 77

The high incidence of poor social adjustment in long-term follow-up studies of depressed children seems to relate to the inadequacy of the pharmacotherapy necessary to sustain long-lasting remission or possibly to repetitive inappropriate stresses. Insufficient antidepressant therapy with resultant intermittent depression-induced dysfunction of the socialization functions performed by the right cerebral hemisphere would not permit the child to develop appropriate interpersonal skills (causing failure in most social situations), and associated cognitive difficulties would complicate academic performance. Repeated school failure and chronic social ineptitude preclude development of the skills necessary for successful independent living in society. Thus, if symptoms of depression are found, it is imperative that the learning-disabled or behaviorally disturbed child or adolescent receive adequate antidepressant therapy to ensure complete long-term remission of the depression. In addition, learning-disabled individuals, even without apparent diagnosable depressive illness, must be offered appropriate methods for learning and communication which reduce stress. When such appropriate educational strategies are offered and poor performance still ensues (or continues), a trial of antidepressant therapy should be considered. Recognition of the depressive nature of symptoms may not be possible until treatment-induced improvement has occurred and depression-associated learning disability has resolved. Improvement in academic performance associated with improved cognitive function after treatment-induced remission of a depressive episode can be dramatic, with resolution of apparent learning disability. Poor educational achievement associated with chronic learning difficulties ultimately affects adult social functioning, and untreated or improperly treated chronic depression may result in the development of later personality disturbances. Therefore, before attributing school problems in children to untreatable conditions, depressive disorder must be excluded, and appropriate antidepressant therapy (along with removal of all apparent inappropriate stress, including inappropriate demands on brain function) should be provided to children and adolescents with evidence of depression.
 ...
PMID:Pediatric behavioral neurology: an update on the neurologic aspects of depression, hyperactivity, and learning disabilities. 221 63

An adolescent girl with short stature and learning disability was found to have an unusual variant of Turner's syndrome, 46X, del (X) (p 11) and an abnormal urinary sediment. Further studies demonstrated persistent depression of C3 and histologic evidence of membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis (MPGN). The occurrence of MPGN in this case may have been a manifestation of the known tendency for Turner patients to develop immunologic disease.
 ...
PMID:Turner's syndrome, 46X, del (X) (p 11), persistent complement activation and membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis. 622 47

Between January 1, 1971 and December 31, 1980, 43 of 415 adolescents diagnosed as "learning disabled" when evaluated in an intensive 4-day diagnostic program were found to have a WISC-R verbal, performance, or full scale IQ score of 120 or higher. The 34 boys and 9 girls were 14.5 +/- 2 years old, were in grade 9.5 +/- 1, and had had overt symptoms of academic difficulty for 4 +/- 1.5 years at the time of diagnosis. None of the adolescents was achieving at an academic level consistent with the potential indicated by the WISC-R score. All of the adolescents were able to dissemble and disguise their disabilities. Only nine had previously been recognized as being disabled. All exhibited academic failure (which became apparent or increasingly severe on entering junior high school) and suffered from lack of self-esteem, depression, and withdrawal. Older adolescents had "given up" on school and were attempting to find alternative careers. Learning disabilities constitute an invisible handicap which affects 2 to 3% of all adolescents. Those who have very high intelligence may be able to hide the handicap until academic challenges become sufficiently difficult or complex to unmask them.
 ...
PMID:Learning disabilities in adolescents with high IQ scores. 683 99

The aim of this study is to describe the psychological effects on a man with a mild learning disability who was sexually assaulted whilst in prison, and the treatment which was carried out. J. suffered Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD), as defined in DSM-III-R, combined with associated features of depression and anxiety. Treatment involved imaginal exposure to the assault, followed by systematic desensitization to the traumatic experience of imprisonment preceding the assault. Activities were also carried out to develop J.'s self-esteem, coping strategies and anxiety management. The successful outcome of treatment is discussed in relation to models of emotional processing. Some discrepancies between scores on self-evaluation questionnaires and behavioural observations raise issues concerning the best way of assessing treatment outcome for people with learning disabilities.
 ...
PMID:Treatment of a man with a mild learning disability who was sexually assaulted whilst in prison. 783 May 23

We present a prevalence study of psychiatric morbidity in people over 50 years of age with learning disability (LD), using a new semistructured clinical interview specifically for use with people who have LD (the 'PAS-ADD'). Assessment involved parallel interviewing of subject and informant, these two sets of information being combined to reach a final diagnosis using ICD-9 and DSM-III-R criteria. Detection of dementia involved interviews with informants, plus investigation of loss of cognitive function over a three-year period. The experimental sample was a mixed community and institutional group (n = 105), including, as far as possible, all people in a single administrative district (Oldham) matching the age and ability criteria. Prevalence of psychiatric disorder excluding dementia was 11.4% (n = 12), most of which were depression and anxiety. Seventy-five per cent of these cases were unknown to mental health services. However, immediate care staff were usually aware of the symptoms, although often unaware of their clinical significance. Prevalence of dementia was also 11.4% (n = 12), with a combined case prevalence of 21.0% (n = 22). The PAS-ADD proved a flexible interview, effective in use with people of varying linguistic level and intellectual ability: 61.9% (n = 65) of the sample were able to be interviewed, fully adequate clinical interviews being obtained with a group of 38 people whose mean IQ was only 39. In the remaining 38.1% (n = 40), diagnosis relied exclusively on informant data. Overall, the combination of subject and informant data was essential for sensitive case detection.
 ...
PMID:Psychiatric morbidity in older people with moderate and severe learning disability. II: The prevalence study. 1143 74

Vigilance has been defined as steady-state alertness-wakefulness. The right cerebral hemisphere, predominantly the right inferior parietal lobule and posterior parietal cortices, seems specialized for vigilance. Studies of the primary disorder of vigilance, a genetically determined condition, should provide a better understanding of the neurobiology of vigilance. Common causes of secondary hypovigilance (depression, learning disability, narcolepsy, and acquired focal right cerebral hemisphere brain lesions) explain the symptom complex of ADHD. If these specific entities producing hypovigilance are correctly identified, treatment is successful and with favorable outcome. The neuroanatomic substrate of lowered vigilance seems to be loss of modulating influence of the right cerebral hemisphere on the diencephalon and select brain stem nuclei. We propose that the right (more than the left) cerebral hemisphere is responsible for alertness and wakefulness (vigilance) with the reticular formation being accountable for sleep.
 ...
PMID:Vigilance and its disorders. 844 74


1 2 3 4 5 6 Next >>