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Query: UMLS:C0011570 (depression)
 172,036 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

When it is discovered that cancer has recurred, patients experience a period of acute emotional distress, with increased anxiety, fear, a sense of helplessness, and depression. Well meaning colleagues, friends and relatives feel compelled to tell them about unorthodox their cancer "cures," including anecdotes about their success. These unproven remedies currently tend to fit with holistic health concepts and are aimed at enhancing the body's own defenses; most involve the use of chemicals or drugs, nutritional supports and vitamins, vaccines and mind-body techniques. Laetrile has been the most popular unorthodox remedy in the past decade. The distraught patient and family are deluged with information and have trouble evaluating the valid approach from the invalid. Physicians who treat with cancer should make sure they themselves understand the emotional basis for a patient's need to pursue unorthodox remedies. The risk is heightened when the patient senses the doctor has "given up" and has "nothing more to offer." They should feel able to ask questions about unproven remedies without fear that the physician will be judgmental or punitive. Participation in a clinical trial of a new and promising treatment under investigation, within the full protection of ethical guidelines, should be suggested as an alternative to unproven treatments outside the medical system which are not subject to the same constraints.
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PMID:Patients who seek unproven cancer remedies: a psychological perspective. 703 65

The sober self-, drunk self-, and ideal self-depictions of 144 female alcoholic outpatients were obtained by means of the Q-technique. Subjects' drunk self-depictions were found to be very different from their sober self-depictions. Contrary to conventional presumptions, the composite effect of these drunkenness-associated changes was to increase the already appreciable discrepancy that existed between subjects' sober self- and ideal self-depictions. Of six interpretable dimensions of sober self-dissatisfaction obtained from the present data--(1) Subjective Distress, (2) Arrogance, (3) Impracticality, (4) Negative Self-Regard, (5) Lack of Interpersonal Forthcomingness, and (6) Anomic Depression--subjects' drunk self-depictions evidenced an increase in self-dissatisfaction on all but the first.
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PMID:Drunkenness-associated changes in the self-depictions of female alcoholics. 718 79

Forty-two women with severe premenstrual tension syndrome (PMTS) were studied to define the clinical phenomenology and examine its resemblance to common psychiatric disorders. They were mature, adult women suffering severe emotional and physical symptoms in the premestruum but well at other times. Their mean premenstrual score on the Menstrual Distress Questionnaire (MDQ) was twice as high as in the study of Moos. Symptoms showed a marked On--Off phenomenon between premenstrual and follicular evaluations with all rating instruments (p less than 0.001). Existing scales for depression, anxiety, and hostility did not demonstrate that the core disturbance of PMTS is any of these dimensions alone. Item analysis of the MDQ revealed that irritability, mood lability, tension, and restlessness were the most prominent emotional descriptors of this specific syndrome. Several indicators of impaired intellectual and physical functioning were also noted. In most of these women PMTS occurred in the absence of other psychopathology. Subclinical characterological and neurotic disturbances when present were probably exacerbated in the premenstrual period. PMTS is not a clinical model for recurrent affective disorders.
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PMID:Severe premenstrual tension: delineation of the syndrome. 718 63

One hundred fifty-eight female subjects aged 15-16 years completed the Menstrual Distress Questionnaire and reported the actual date of onset of the next two menstrual periods. These female high school students and their male classmates were later given The Depression Adjective Check List and the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory twice, 2 weeks apart, in an unrelated classroom setting. This study assessed the magnitude of anxiety and depression experienced by the 29 adolescents who were tested within 4 days preceding the onset of menstruation and the 23 adolescents who were tested during the first 4 days of menstruation. Premenstrual and menstrual test scores were compared with those obtained during the intermenstrual phase of the cycle. No significant differences in mood attributable to cycle phase were found. A control group of males also showed no significant difference in mood. Adolescent women appear to be different from women over 30 who have been reported to show significantly increased state anxiety and depression during the premenstrual phase of the menstrual cycle.
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PMID:Premenstrual and menstrual mood changes in adolescent women. 719 16

The case of a 31-year-old woman suffering from repeated episodes of urinary retention is presented. Several surgical procedures had given her only temporary relief. When the patient presented with overt depression and anxiety she was assessed psychiatrically, and it was noted that the urinary retention coincided with episodes of domestic emotional distress. A behavioural treatment programme was initiated and a remission of the urological symptoms rapidly achieved. The importance of psychotherapeutic intervention in such cases is emphasized.
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PMID:Female bladder problems - a case for psychotherapy? A case report. 724 11

Factor analysis of the Faschingbauer Abbreviated MMPI (FAM) identified factors of Absence of Distress, Depression, Low Morale, Feminine Interests, Somatization, and Extroversion. These results are consistent with previous MMPI factoranalytic studies, with the first factor being a reflected factor of major psychopathological disturbance. This reflected factor is explained as a function of the elimination of clinically invalid profiles from the analysis. Implications concerning standard profile selection procedures are discussed in light of these results.
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PMID:Factor structure of the Faschingbauer Abbreviated MMPI (FAM) in a psychiatric population. 731 Jun 20

Thirty-five percent of a sample of 413 women undergoing first-trimester abortions were repeating abortions. All patients rated their emotional symptoms on an SCL-90 scale and completed a brief demographic questionnaire. Preabortion and postabortion emotional distress factors and associated demographic characteristics were compared for women having first and those undergoing repeat abortions. Elevated distress levels were similar in both groups prior to abortion procedures, particularly depression, anxiety, and somatization. After abortion, repeat aborters continued to have significantly higher emotional distress scores in dimensions relating to interpersonal relationships. The variables that discriminated most between first and repeat abortion groups were number of living children, race, and phobic anxiety.
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PMID:Emotional distress patterns among women having first or repeat abortions. 736 22

Breast reconstruction has become an available option for most patients undergoing mastectomy: in fact many authors agree that breast reconstruction does not interfere with possible therapies and improves the quality of life of women. The aim of the study was to evaluate the psychological adjustment of patients who had immediate or delayed reconstruction using 2 different methods: implants and autologous tissues. The study population (115 patients) was derived from patients who underwent breast reconstruction in the period January 1988-December 1991, in follow-up at the Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery; no patient was undergoing psychological therapy. 58 patients underwent breast reconstruction using implants and 57 using Transverse Rectus Abdominis Myocutaneous Flap (TRAMF). Informations were gathered, including the patient's age, the number of offspring, the marital status, the scholastic education, the job and the relapse between mastectomy and reconstruction. The psychological instruments consisted in three standardized self-administered questionnaires: Psychological Distress Inventory (PDI), State Trait Anxiety Inventory form Y (STAI), Eysenk Personality Inventory (EPQ-R). These tests were chosen to gauge the psychological distress, such anxiety, anger, depression and psychosocial maladjustment. To better perform the changes of body image after breast reconstruction, women were requested to answer three more specific questions about the sexual desire, physical image and social relationships. The 102 patients assessed in this study indicate low incidence of psychological distress and adaptive coping strategies. Impairment was reported, regarding body image, by patients undergoing delayed reconstruction; in these patients higher scores in distress tests were observed.
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PMID:[Psychological assessment of patients who have ++undergone breast reconstruction using 2 different technics: autologous tissue versus prosthesis]. 747 60

Although it is generally accepted that the spouses of excessive drinkers experience a range of problems as a result of their partner's alcohol consumption, there have been few attempts at measuring the hardship experienced. Previous attempts have counted only the number of categories of hardship experienced over the previous year and not taken into account the frequency with which these occur or the degree of inconvenience suffered. The Drinker's Partner Distress Scale (DPDS) is proposed as a measure which overcomes these limitations. Two dimensions of alcohol-induced problems are measured; depression and marital discord. Both subscales demonstrated internal consistency, and predictions of convergent and discriminant validity were supported in relation to both subscales.
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PMID:The Drinker's Partner Distress Scale: an instrument for measuring the distress caused by drinkers to their partners. 755 79

A 60-item short form of the MMPI with very high content validity and items that appear on both the MMPI and MMPI-2 was developed and named the MMPI-TRI. It contains three 20-item scales--the Subjective Distress, Acting-Out, and Psychosis scales. These three scales have excellent internal consistency and sufficient independence from each other. An anxiety and depression group of patients, prison inmate group, and a schizophrenic and other psychotic group had the highest mean scores on Subjective Distress, Acting-Out, and Psychosis, respectively. Correlations with the 13 regular scales of the MMPI and MMPI-2, their content and supplementary scales, and four other psychometric instruments provided very strong evidence for validity. Norms are provided.
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PMID:Development of a three-scale MMPI: the MMPI-TRI. 756 Jan 36


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