Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0011570 (depression)
 172,036 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Plasminogen activator inhibitor (PAI-1), tissue type plasminogen activator (tPA) and von Willebrand factor (vWF) concentrations were measured by ELISA in the supernatant of the following cultures: endothelial cells from human umbilical vein (HUVEC); human colon cancer cells (HRT-18); and co-culture cells of HUVEC + HRT-18. No measurable amount of the three substances was found in the supernatant of HRT-18 cell culture. Compared to the value in the HUVEC supernatant, in the UVEC/HRT-18 co-cultures, tPA concentration was significantly lower (P = 0.0047), PAI-1 significantly higher (P = 0.026) and vWF also significantly higher (P = 0.0048). These data indicate that HRT-18 tumor cells do not produce tPA, PAI-1 and vWF; however, these tumor cells induce endothelial cells to change the production of these substances. As a consequence, the interaction between tumor and endothelial cells in vivo may lead to depression of fibrinolysis and enhancement of platelet adhesion.
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PMID:Expression of tissue-type plasminogen activator, plasminogen activator inhibitor and von Willebrand factor in the supernatant of endothelial cell cultures in response to the seeding of adenocarcinoma cell line HRT-18. 895 58

Women visit physicians more often than men do, but women's medical care frequently remains fragmented and insufficient. The opportunity to establish a primary care relationship often occurs when patients present with an acute complaint. Integral parts of preventive health maintenance for middle-aged women include an evaluation of the risk for osteoporosis, coronary artery disease, depression, and domestic violence; a consideration of hormone replacement therapy; and screening for breast, cervical, and colon cancer. A primary care physician can address all of these issues in a comprehensive manner without specialty referrals.
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PMID:Clinical decision-making with the woman after menopause. 906 21

Physical inactivity increases the risk for heart disease, diabetes, colon cancer, high blood pressure, obesity, osteoporosis, muscle and joint disorders, and symptoms of anxiety and depression. However, approximately one third of adults in the United States report no leisure-time physical activity, and rates of inactivity have been higher in January than in June. Among adults, the prevalence of leisure-time physical inactivity is highest among those who are older, Hispanic, and residing in southern states. A national health objective for the year 2000 is to reduce to < or = 15% the proportion of persons reporting no leisure-time physical activity (objecive 1.5). To assist in monitoring efforts to achieve this objective, CDC analyzed data from the 1994 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance system (BRFSS) and estimated for each month the proportion of adults from selected demographic groups who reported no leisure-time physical activity. The findings indicate seasonal patterns in the prevalence of reported leisure-time physical inactivity; however, monthly rates of inactivity were higher and more stable among older persons, Hispanics, and residents of southern states.
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PMID:Monthly estimates of leisure-time physical inactivity--United States, 1994. 915 73

Electromagnetic radiation is present in increasing amounts in our environment, and its potential effects on human (and animal) health has been investigated. It remains unclear whether the risk of acute childhood leukemia is associated with cumulative exposure to magnetic fields. An association with brain cancer and colon cancer has been suggested in electrical company workers. The radars used by police departments may increase the incidence of cancer. Electromagnetic radiation may play a role in a number of disorders such as depression and memory loss. It has been established that cell phones interfere with pacemakers only if direct contact occurs and have no effect if held in their normal position. Interferences have been reported between pacemakers and shop-lifting detectors.
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PMID:[Recent data from the literature on the biological and pathologic effects of electromagnetic radiation, radio waves and stray currents]. 1067 64

Prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) has served as a surrogate end point biomarker in colorectal tumor progression. Colonic mucosa PGE2 levels of patients with colorectal adenomas or carcinomas have been shown to be higher than in control subjects. Our dose-finding study on piroxicam, a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug with chemopreventive effects in preclinical colon carcinoma models, suggested that 7.5 mg/day was well tolerated and associated with significant depression of rectal mucosa PGE2 concentrations in comparison with baseline values. We therefore conducted a randomized Phase IIb cancer prevention clinical trial to investigate the chemopreventive properties of piroxicam in patients with a history of resected colorectal adenomatous polyps. After a 2-month run-in period, 47 participants were randomized to piroxicam at a dose of 7.5 mg/day, and 49 were randomized to a placebo. Rectal biopsy specimens were taken at the initial visit, at 2 months later during the run-in period, and at 6, 12, and 24 months after the start of the interventions. Mean PGE2 concentrations in the rectal mucosa of the piroxicam-treated patients differed significantly between visits (P < 0.001), and the values at the 6-month visit (P < 0.001) and 12-month visit (P = 0.005) differed significantly from the average baseline value. Unfortunately, we observed an incidence of adverse gastrointestinal side effects in patients treated with 7.5 mg/day of piroxicam similar to that seen for arthritis patients treated with 20 mg/day. Consequently, the gastrointestinal toxicities appear to override the potential benefit that piroxicam may offer as a long-term colon cancer chemopreventive agent.
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PMID:Effects of piroxicam on prostaglandin E2 levels in rectal mucosa of adenomatous polyp patients: a randomized phase IIb trial. 1114 13

The anticancer efficacy of the new anticancer tripeptide, L-proline-m-bis (2-chloroethyl) amino-L-phenylalanyl-L-norvaline ethyl ester hydrochloride (MF13), was investigated in mice. MF13 showed a therapeutic effect in liquid tumors and induced complete remission even in late stage malignancies. MF13 also inhibited human colon cancer growth in nude mice by more than 85% (volume, p<0.001). It acted in a dose-dependent manner and induced a complete regression of tumor in 20% of the mice when the initial dose was high (15 mg/kg, i.p.). Human melanoma exhibited a response to MF13 similar to colon cancer. Activity of MF13 in murine hepatoma in vivo was stronger than its precursor m-sarcolysin (p<0.001). Tumor cells in peritoneal cavities of the MF13 treated (s.c.) mice underwent an irreversible apoptosis. Side effects of MF13 were the transient depression of hemopoiesis and loss of body weight, which vanished within 9-10 days. LD50 of MF13 of a single i.p. injection was 27 mg/kg (94 mg/m2), 11 times higher than the therapeutic dose of a single injection.
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PMID:High anticancer efficacy of L-proline-m-bis (2-chloroethyl) amino-L-phenylalanyl-L-norvaline ethyl ester hydrochloride (MF13) in vivo. 1149 47

Chronic uncontrolled pain may be the greatest health care crisis facing the United States. It is the major symptom for which patients seek medical care and is associated with substantial economic and psychosocial costs. For many patients, particularly the elderly and those suffering from cancer, chronic pain is often undertreated. Because pain has an emotional component and is frequently accompanied by depression and/or anxiety, patients benefit from a comprehensive assessment and multidisciplinary approach to treatment. It is likely that coxibs (cyclooxygenase or COX-2-selective inhibitors) will assume an increasingly prominent role in the treatment of chronic pain associated with arthritis, cancer, and other diseases either as monotherapy or in combination with other drugs. In addition, the role of COX-2 inhibition in the prevention and treatment of colon cancer, Alzheimer's disease (AD), and other chronic health problems is an area currently undergoing intense investigation.
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PMID:Pain management and beyond: evolving concepts and treatments involving cyclooxygenase inhibition. 1220 82

Although death is inevitable, it continues to remain a taboo issue for society. A failure to discuss the unavoidable may represent a safeguard to avoid dealing with mortality and related fears. Many patients who are terminally ill spend their days feeling alone, misunderstood, and afraid. Kubler-Ross attempted to strip death of its negative connotations and to provide a venue for the terminally ill to have a voice. Using information from more than 200 clinical interviews, Kubler-Ross revealed a trend in emotions over time in most, but not all, of her patients, which enabled her to formulate a model of coping with death that included 5 interdependent emotional stages: denial, anger, bargaining, depression, and acceptance. This model has become the most widely accepted and popularized model on death and dying, often cited as the Five Stages of Grief." However, given the lack of research concerning Kubler-Ross's model, completing work in this area seems warranted. The purpose of this case study was to examine one individual's emotional journey after being diagnosed with terminal colon cancer. More specifically, the goals were twofold: (1) to provide the participant with a voice and to allow her story to be told by examining the major external events (ie,surgery, chemotherapy) occurring since the diagnosis that affected her emotional and physical well-being and (2) to determine whether the participant's emotional journey paralleled Kubler-Ross's model, to what extent, and whether new emotions or stages occurred. The participant, a 50-year-old female, was diagnosed with stage 4 Duke Stage D colon cancer. Qualitative information was collected in face-to-face interviews, newspaper articles about the participant, and e-mail correspondence (as form letters to a group of friends and supporters) and subsequently analyzed for trends. The overall results revealed clear existence of the 5 stages of grief as outlined in the Kubler-Ross model. Analyses also revealed that the stages often overlapped or occurred simultaneously. Additionally, the participant regressed to earlier stages when subjected to negative external factors. Four other highly salient emotions were also prevalent throughout the participant's experience with colon cancer, namely joy, fear, hope, and numbness. The findings from this case study help to validate Kubler-Ross's stages. Further, the importance of the voice of the participant cannot be overemphasized. This case study clearly depicts the unique thoughts and emotions during one woman's struggle with colon cancer, sentiments that are often overlooked in quantitative analysis.
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PMID:Dealing with colon cancer: one woman's emotional journey. 1246 45

Are patients identified from a cancer registry better educated directly or via their physician about screening for an inherited susceptibility for colorectal cancer? Of 974 patients diagnosed with colorectal cancer at < or = 60 years from 1987 to 1999 in a five-county area including Rochester, the physicians of 651 patients (67%) forwarded a cancer family history survey to their patient; 459 (71%) completed the survey. Of these 459, 167 (36%) reported having at least one first- or second-degree relative with colon cancer and were sent a set of questionnaires and a more detailed family cancer history form. Of the 167, a total of 101 (60%) continued to qualify by returning the questionnaires. These 101 qualifying patients were randomized to either the patient-education or physician-education group. Of the 101, a total of 47 (47%) came for a free genetic evaluation. Individuals were more likely to accept evaluation if they were parents (p = 0.001), had more cancers of all kinds in their families (p = 0.02), and had a larger social network (p = 0.04). Of the 47 counseled, 36 (77%) chose to have DNA testing at no cost. Of these 47, individuals were more likely to choose DNA testing if they had more cancers in the family (p = 0.04) and fewer symptoms of depression (p = 0.05). Of the 36 tested patients, 6 (20%) were found to have mutations. In summary, acceptance of genetic services was related to the magnitude of the threat (more cancers in the family), perceived ability to deal with the threat (perceived good health and a supportive network), and a desire to inform relatives (being a parent). The two approaches to educating patients, viz. direct patient education vs. education via their physician, did not significantly differ in terms of percentages of patients receiving counseling (42% vs. 51%, respectively) or the percentage choosing DNA testing (32% vs. 37%, respectively).
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PMID:Patient vs. physician as the target of educational outreach about screening for an inherited susceptibility to colorectal cancer. 1253 50

This study investigated the relationship between psychosocial factors and the decisional consideration of genetic testing of hereditary colon cancer. Attitudes and beliefs about genetic testing, anxiety and depression levels, coping style, and optimism were used as psychosocial independent variables. Sixty-two registrants (61% males and 39% females) of the Hereditary Gastrointestinal Cancer Registry of the Queen Mary Hospital in Hong Kong completed a mail survey. Mean age of the respondents was 42 years (SD = 9.92 years, range: 18-68 years). Correlational analyses and regression analyses were used to examine the relationships between the dependent and independent variables. Participants were concerned about the well-being and reactions of their significant others even more than their own well-being in their decisional consideration processes. Those who had higher perceived risks of being a mutated carrier and higher depression levels tended to emphasize more on the negative consequences of learning the test results and sharing them with relatives. Besides, those who believed that having cancer was attributable to personal (e.g., stress) rather than environmental factors considered that the negative consequences were relatively more important than the positive gains in sharing their results with relatives. Our participants tended to be relational or interdependent oriented in their decisional consideration processes related to genetic testing of colon cancer. This result is consistent with the established interdependent orientation of Chinese. Participants with higher risk perception focused more on the negative consequences of genetic testing. Psychological counseling might help these patients to cope with their concerns about being diagnosed as gene carriers after genetic testing.
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PMID:Decisional consideration of hereditary colon cancer genetic test results among Hong Kong chinese adults. 1275 Feb 37


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