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Query: UMLS:C0011570 (depression)
 172,036 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The authors present a study of 50 patients with adenocarcinomas of the colon and rectum, patients with gastric adenocarcinomas, and 30 healthy individuals as a control group. In all subjects the following parameters were determined: total number of lymphocytes in the peripheral blood, T lymphocytes, T-active lymphocytes, and B lymphocytes. A study of the test for lymphoblastic transformation (TTL) with phytohemagglutinin (PHA) stimulation and the determination of alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) and carcino-embryonic antigen (CEA) were also carried out. In patients with gastric adenocarcinoma the results revealed a lymphopenia, especially at the expense of T and T-active lymphocytes, as well as a depression (in 73 per cent) of the lymphocytic response to the PHA stimulation. Patients with carcinoma of the colon showed significant results in the T-active lymphocyte population. In both neoplastic situations the determination for alpha-fetoprotein was negative, while the CEA presented a clear correlation with the evolutive stage of the tumor, being more demonstrative in the tumors located in the colon and rectum.
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PMID:[Determination of the lymphocytic and oncofetal antigen subpopulations in patients with adenocarcinomas of the stomach and of the colon and rectum (author's transl)]. 9 70

Vigorous physical activity can improve the health of both adults and children. Among adults, regular physical activity can reduce risk for chronic diseases such as coronary heart disease, hypertension, noninsulin-dependent diabetes mellitus, colon cancer, and depression, as well as lower all-cause death rates (1,2). Among children, regular physical activity can reduce chronic disease risk factors such as obesity, elevated cholesterol, and hypertension (3). Physical activity patterns established during childhood may extend into adulthood (4). This report examines the prevalence of vigorous physical activity among U.S. students in grades 9-12.
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PMID:Vigorous physical activity among high school students--United States, 1990. 173 Nov 78

Regular physical activity increases a person's ability to perform daily activities with greater vigor and may reduce the risk for specific health problems, including coronary heart disease (1), hypertension (2), noninsulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (3), colon cancer (4), and depression (5), as well as lower all-cause death rates (6). In addition to extracurricular activities (e.g., sports and recreational organizations), high school physical education (PE) classes provide an opportunity to ensure a minimal, regular amount of desirable physical activity and help establish physical activity patterns that may extend into adulthood. This report examines the prevalence of self-reported enrollment, attendance, and participation in PE classes by students in grades 9-12.
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PMID:Participation of high school students in school physical education--United States, 1990. 188 83

Factors influencing the depression of natural killer (NK) activity and its prevention were studied in 57 esophageal cancer patients. NK activity off peripheral blood mononuclear cells was measured by a 51Cr-release assay against K-562 target cells. NK activity in esophageal cancer patients was significantly lower than that in healthy individuals and tended to be lower compared with those in stomach and colon cancer patients. The depression of NK activity was significantly correlated with the reduction of serum albumin level, creatinine height index of nutritional assessment. The activity was also suppressed in proportion to the size of cancer and its staging. Both preoperative radiation and surgery markedly depressed NK activity. Postoperative depression recovered to the Preoperative level 4 weeks after operation. These results indicated that malnutrition, cancer bearing and therapeutic stress were associated with the depression of NK activity. As the preventive measures against such depression of NK activity, avoidance of preoperative radiation and better selection for two-stage operation enhanced recovery of the depressed NK activity. Furthermore, the preoperative administration of OK-432, as n immuno-activator, could be effective to minimize a decrease of NK activity related to radiation and surgery, and to accelerate its recovery to the level before treatment.
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PMID:[Factors influencing depression of natural killer activity and its prevention in esophageal cancer patients]. 270 63

Clinical phase II trial of UFT (4:1 mixture of 5-Fu and FT-207) prepared by Jinan Pharmaceutical Company was carried out cooperatively from 1984-1985. In 337 patients treated, 289 received UFT alone. The drug contains 50mg FT 207 per tablet. The dose given was #4, T. i. d. The total dose ranged from 8.4 g to 75.5 g in 6-8 weeks, majority of patients received 20-40 g. Complete remission was obtained in 7 patients (2.4%), while partial remission in 65 (22.5%), stable in 158 (54.7%) and progression in 59 (20.4%). Data showed that favorable results were observed in stomach cancer, esophageal cancer, rectum and colon cancer, and breast cancer. Excellent results were obtained in nasopharyngeal cancer with UFT in combination with irradiation. The gastro-intestinal tract reaction was mild, and bone marrow depression was observed in less than 15% of all patients treated. In conclusion, UFT may become an useful means in the management of common malignancies.
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PMID:[Clinical trial of UFT in malignancies--an analysis of 337 patients. Co-operative Group for Clinical Study of UFT]. 310 87

This study was carried out with 48 patients received surgery, i.e., 23 stomach cancer, 8 colon cancer, 6 rectal cancer, 9 breast cancer etc. Patients in group A received UFT in combination with OK-432. Each of UFT or OK-432 was given to the patients in groups B or C, respectively. Changes in the skin reaction to Su-PS were measured before and after dosing, and concentrations of Tegafur and 5-FU in serum and tumor tissues were determined after administration. Analysis of the skin reaction to Su-Ps revealed that patients with positive skin reaction before surgery in group A didn't manifest depression due to sensitization by UFT therapy. Although average values of the skin reaction after dosing were slightly lower compared to those before dosing in group B, sensitization was effective. Values of the skin reaction after dosing were significantly (p less than 0.05) high compared to those before dosing in groups A and C. Concentrations of Tegafur and 5-FU in serum reached to the peak 2 hr later and were maintained high enough to expect clinical responses even at 4 hr after administration in groups A and B. Especially there was not a significant difference between groups A and B in tumor tissue levels of 5-FU, and a high effective concentration was obtained. Combination therapy of UFT with OK-432 exhibited no significant interaction between them in adjuvant immuno-chemotherapy, and satisfactory results were expected in clinical cures.
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PMID:[Study on the preoperative adjuvant therapy of cancer--relation between serum and tumor tissue levels of UFT and OK-432 after administration, and skin reactions to Su-polysaccharide (Su-Ps)]. 312 Jun 45

The immune regulation of phytohemagglutinin (PHA) and concanavalin A (Con A) mitogen responses by prostaglandin (PG)-producing suppressor monocytes was examined in 57 patients with colorectal cancer and 55 normal individuals. The blood lymphocyte responses to either PHA or Con A were significantly depressed in 74% of patients compared to normal controls. The mean PHA response for the patients was significantly lower than that for controls (17,649 versus 25,549 cpm, P = 0.02), while the mean Con A response for the patients was also depressed but not as significantly (13,551 versus 18,623 cpm, P = 0.09). The depression of immune competence was greatest in older patients and those with metastatic disease. The addition of indomethacin (1 microgram/ml) to cell cultures of both patients and normal individuals enhanced the mitogen response, suggesting that PGE-producing suppressor cells were operative in both groups. Among the patient group, however, a differential modulation of the immune response by indomethacin was observed. Thus, the addition of indomethacin restored the PHA response in patients almost to normal levels, while the Con A increase was less pronounced. Even after indomethacin treatment, the Con A proliferative response by lymphocytes was significantly depressed in patients as compared to controls (P = 0.002). To prove that indomethacin was blocking excessive PG production by suppressor monocytes in colon cancer patients, we directly measured PGE2 production by peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) using a radioimmunoassay. PBMCs from the patients produced significantly greater amounts of PGE2 compared to controls (10.1 versus 5.1 ng/ml, P = 0.0001). This comparison was still significant after adjustment for age and sex. The increased PGE2 production appeared to be selective, since the levels of two other arachidonic acid metabolites, PGF1 alpha and thromboxane B2, were the same or less than control levels. PG-mediated immune suppression of mitogenesis thus appears to be abnormally increased in colon cancer patients, particularly for the PHA response. This abnormality was partially corrected in vitro by incubation of the PBMCs with indomethacin, a prostaglandin synthetase inhibitor.
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PMID:Prostaglandin E2-mediated suppression of cellular immunity in colon cancer patients. 622 53

Major intra-abdominal operations result in profound immunodepression. In addition, manipulation of malignant tumors may release tumor cells into the systemic and portal circulations. The additive effects of immunodepression and tumor cell release may enhance the metastatic potential of tumors. Perioperative correction of immune depression by levamisole can restore lymphocyte proliferation levels in rats. We have developed a model in which rat colon carcinoma cells transplanted into the portal venous system consistently induce hepatic metastases by 4 weeks and death within 9 weeks. Rats pretreated with levamisole (4 mg/kg administered intraperitoneally) the day before and the day of tumor implantation developed fewer metastases (41% of animals treated with levamisole compared with 6% of animals not treated with levamisole had less than or equal to two metastases per liver). Twenty percent of the rats treated with levamisole developed no hepatic metastases. Comparison of median liver weights between the group treated with levamisole and the nontreated, tumor-bearing group was highly significant (p less than 0.005). We conclude that the perioperative period is critical for the implantation and growth of metastases and that perioperative immunostimulation may be a factor in decreasing the incidence of metastases. This model may have relevance to the adjuvant treatment of human colon cancer.
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PMID:Prevention of rat colon cancer metastases by perioperative immunostimulation. 646 70

As more women are living longer, there is an increasing need for women to discuss hormone replacement therapy (HRT) with their physicians. This task is complicated by areas of scientific uncertainty and evolving data concerning the risks and benefits of HRT. Benefits of HRT that are supported by strong scientific evidence include relief from menopausal symptoms such as hot flashes, prevention of osteoporosis, cardioprotective effects, relief of urogenital atrophy, and decreased urinary incontinence. Benefits supported by observational evidence include improvement of emotional lability and depression, improved sense of well-being in patients with rheumatoid arthritis, increased dermal and total skin thickness, improved verbal memory skills, and decreased risk of colon cancer. Risks to consider include a possible increase in the incidence of breast cancer and an increase in endometrial cancer in women who have an intact uterus and do not receive a progestin. Women in various risk groups, such as those at risk for coronary artery disease, osteoporosis, or breast cancer, must consider the risk-to-benefit ratio for their own individual circumstances.
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PMID:Current concepts in postmenopausal hormone replacement therapy. 869 Nov 83

Participation in physical activity on a regular basis provides important health benefits, including reduced risk for heart disease, colon cancer, diabetes, and high blood pressure. Regular physical activity also helps control weight; contributes to development and maintenance of healthy bones, muscles, and joints; and reduces symptoms of anxiety and depression. Recent recommendations have emphasized moderate intensity activities nearly every day for those who are unable to maintain the previously recommended program of strenuous activity three times a week. To determine the proportion of adults who are participating in regular physical activity, regardless of the level of intensity, CDC analyzed data from the 1994 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS). This report summarizes the results of that analysis, which indicates that, in every state surveyed, most adults are not participating in regular physical activity.
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PMID:State-specific prevalence of participation in physical activity--Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System, 1994. 876 58


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