Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0011570 (depression)
 172,036 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Using data collected on 348 patients presenting to a hospital-based substance misuse treatment program, the present study compares psychiatric symptomatology and severity of substance misuse among African-American and Caucasian alcohol and drug misusers. African-Americans had a higher overall severity of substance misuse and reported using more substances than Caucasians. African-Americans also had higher levels of somatization, interpersonal problems, depression, hostility, obsessive/compulsive behavior, phobia, paranoia, and psychoticism than Caucasians. African-Americans exhibited higher levels of psychosocial stress and lower levels of global functioning than did Caucasians. The implications of the findings are discussed.
 ...
PMID:Problem severity and symptomatology among substance misusers: differences between African-Americans and Caucasians. 835 47

Interrater (attending vs resident) and observer/patient self-report correlations were assessed for 17 and 9 symptom factors, respectively, in a consecutive sample of psychiatric outpatients at the time of intake evaluation in a university based clinic using the Hopkins Psychiatric Rating Scale (HPRS) and the SCL-90R. Highly significant interrater reliability was obtained for most items on the HPRS but observer/self-report correlations were more variable, ranging from good (r = .60 to .75) for depression and phobic anxiety, to poor (r < .40) for obsessive-compulsive, paranoia, and psychoticism symptoms. Results also varied by patient sex. The findings suggest a role for both observer and, for specific symptoms, self-report symptom scales in routine clinical practice.
 ...
PMID:Interrater and observer/self-report correlation of psychopathology in routine clinical practice. 854 34

Positive correlations between scores on the Tridimensional Personality Questionnaire (TPQ) and plasma cortisol levels have led to the suggestion that temperament may be a major determinant of hypercortisolemia in depression. We had administered the Eysenck Personality Questionnaire (EPQ) to a group of 39 depressed patients who also underwent measurement of hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis function. There were no significant correlations among the EPQ variables extraversion, neuroticism and psychoticism, and plasma cortisol levels, either pre or postdexamethasone, or with urinary free cortisol. Among a small group of six patients who completed the TPQ, there were similarly no significant correlations.
 ...
PMID:HPA axis function and temperament in depression: a negative report. 870 68

One goal of this longitudinal bereavement study is to analyze the ability of a simple 0-10 visual analogue scale, the 10-Mile Mourning Bridge, to measure progress through bereavement. Based on a longitudinal study (n = 74 at posttest), Bridge results are significantly correlated with the General Severity Index, the strongest global indicator of the Brief Symptom Inventory (BSI, Derogatis & Spencer, 1982). The self report Bridges are significantly related to 8 of the 9 clinical scales of the BSI (Depression, Obsessive/Compulsiveness, Anxiety, Phobic Anxiety, Hostility, Psychoticism, Paranoia and Somaticism). Uses of the 10-Mile Mourning Bridge in daily hospice work are discussed.
 ...
PMID:The 10-Mile Mourning Bridge and the Brief Symptom Inventory: close relatives? 894 12

This study reports on the use of the Brief Symptom Inventory, a shortened version of the Symptom Check List-90-Revised, to measure psychopathological symptoms that predict male domestic violence. A sample of 152 men and their partners reported on the severity of violent behavior present in their relationship. Discriminant analysis indicated variation in men's violent status as a function of psychopathological symptoms. Violent men evidenced higher scores on 7 of the 9 subscales of the Brief Symptom Inventory, namely, Depression, Anxiety, Hostility, Phobia, Paranoid Ideation, Interpersonal Sensitivity, and Psychoticism.
 ...
PMID:Utilization of the Brief Symptom inventory to discriminate between violent and nonviolent male relationship partners. 896 15

After multidisciplinary pain treatment, pretreatment psychological testing variables were compared for 20 chronic pain patients who were working and 42 who were not working. Symptom Checklist-90-R scores for Depression, Anxiety, Phobic Anxiety, Psychoticism, Global Severity, and Positive Symptom Distress were lower for working subjects as were those on the Beck Depression Inventory. In contrast, workers scored higher on self-efficacy to manage pain, self-efficacy to function, self-efficacy to manage other symptoms, and over all self-efficacy.
 ...
PMID:Psychological testing variables as predictors of return to work by chronic pain patients. 901 46

Concern about the safety of silicone breast implants has led many women with numerous physical and psychological symptoms to seek breast implant removal. This retrospective group comparison study describes the psychological profile of women requesting breast implant removal compared with two control groups. The Brief Symptom Inventory was used to compare psychological symptoms of three groups of women: a preoperative breast implant group requesting removal of implants (n = 78), a postoperative breast cancer group without breast implants (n = 64), and a control group with no known breast disease and unknown breast implant status (n = 68). Scores were compared on the Global Severity Index of the Brief Symptom Inventory as well as on nine subscales: somatization, obsessive-compulsiveness, interpersonal sensitivity, depression, anxiety, hostility, phobic anxiety, paranoid ideation, and psychoticism. The breast implant group had significantly elevated Global Severity Index scores, as well as somatization, obsessive-compulsiveness, depression, hostility, and anxiety subscale scores, when compared with the other groups. Post hoc data analysis revealed that women who had implants after subcutaneous mastectomy as prophylaxis for breast cancer (n = 18) had a significantly different symptom profile and higher Global Severity Index scores than women who had cosmetic augmentation (n = 53). Additionally, women who had subcutaneous mastectomy and implants had significantly higher subscales of interpersonal sensitivity, phobic anxiety, paranoid ideation, and psychoticism than the cosmetic implant subjects. Women requesting removal of silicone breast implants had greater psychological distress than women who were recently diagnosed with breast cancer or controls with no known breast disease and unknown implant status. Within the implant group, however, women who had subcutaneous mastectomy showed greater psychological disturbance than those who had augmentation mammaplasty.
 ...
PMID:Comparison of psychological symptoms of women requesting removal of breast implants with those of breast cancer patients and healthy controls. 904 86

This study examines the relationship between depression, as measured by four indices, and jailed women defendants' adjudicative competence ("competency to stand trial"). Competence was assessed by the MacArthur Competence Assessment Tool-Criminal Adjudication (MacCAT-CA) in three areas: understanding, reasoning, and appreciation. Depression was not significantly correlated with any competence measure. More depressed women, however, were more likely to feel that they would not be treated fairly by the legal system. This finding is consistent with research showing that depressed people tend to have pessimistic perceptions. The rates of depression were far above the rates in the general female population, and many of the participants were clinically depressed. In addition, competence generally was negatively correlated with measures of psychoticism, emotional withdrawal, and general psychopathology. Implications of the results for addressing the mental health needs of women defendants, and for defense attorneys and forensic clinicians working with them, are discussed.
 ...
PMID:Depression in jailed women defendants and its relationship to their adjudicative competence. 914 87

The goal of this study was to examine the effects of personality traits as measured by the NEO-PI on the quality of life (QOL) of persons with schizoaffective disorder and schizophrenia. The premise of this research is that personality traits may be important in shaping one's outlook and satisfaction with life. In a prior pilot study, personality traits were measured in persons with schizoaffective disorder and schizophrenia. In this study, the relationship between QOL and specific personality domains as assessed by the NEO-PI were studied in 21 patients. Global QOL as measured by the Lehman QOL instrument was positively correlated with Extroversion (E) and Agreeableness (A), and negatively correlated with the domain of Neuroticism (N). Global satisfaction scores were not correlated with ratings of psychoticism, paranoia or depression. These data suggest that even in psychotic conditions such as schizoaffective disorder or schizophrenia, intrapsychic factors influence one's sense of QOL. In addition, these data suggest that personality variables may differentially affect patients' satisfaction and QOL with different treatment settings.
 ...
PMID:The relationship between personality and quality of life in persons with schizoaffective disorder and schizophrenia. 916 Nov 11

In a sample of students, preference for country and western music was not associated with depression or suicidal preoccupation as has been suggested by Stack and Gundlach. However, preference for heavy metal music was associated with prior suicidal ideation. Stronger associations were found between music preferences and measures of psychoticism and extraversion.
 ...
PMID:Music preference, depression, suicidal preoccupation, and personality: comment on Stack and Gundlach's papers. 917 10


<< Previous 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Next >>