Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0011570 (depression)
 172,036 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The paper presents evaluation of HLA-system functional activity in patients with pulmonary tuberculosis and bronchial asthma by expression of class I and II antigens and beta2-microglobulin level in peripheral blood cell elements. Tuberculous patients had reduced production of beta2-microglobulin in the cell elements. Long-term chemotherapy aggravated the above abnormality. A correlation was found between changes in the cell elements expressing HLA antigens class I and II and tuberculosis course. Lowered lymphocyte count expressing HLA antigens class I and II occurs in progression of tuberculosis and is associated with marked depression of T-cell immunity.
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PMID:[The functional activity of class-I and -II HLA antigens in pulmonary tuberculosis]. 890 88

Major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I positive tumor cells are generally resistant to natural killer (NK) cells. In this report, we compared the NK sensitivities of tumor cell lines H41 and H42, which were established from a cancer patient at surgery. H41 was established before radiation therapy and H42 was established after the radiation therapy in 1985. H41 was resistant to NK cells, whereas H42 was NK-sensitive. Both cell lines reacted with W6/32, which is an antibody to the HLA common epitope determinant. However, H42 did not react to anti-HLA-locus-specific antibodies, although H41 reacted to them. When these cell lines were treated with interferon-gamma, H41 showed an increase in HLA-locus-specific antigenicity, whereas H42 did not show such a tendency. This suggests that there may have been interference in the expression of the HLA-locus-specific determinants on H42. Therefore, it was assumed that the NK sensitivity of H42 may be due to depression of an HLA-locus-specific determinant, and this depression may be related to the radiation therapy. The patient recovered from the disease after the radiation therapy and the last surgery. He is now in a tumor-free state. We propose that his recovery may be related to the conversion of the tumor cells from NK-resistant to NK-sensitive.
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PMID:Comparison of natural killer (NK) sensitivities of two tumor cell lines established from a cancer patient before and after radiation therapy. 900 Apr 87

Trypanosoma cruzi causes a profound immune depression in the infected host, and a small proportion of chagasic patients will develop a chronic disease characterized by myocardiopathy. There is evidence suggesting that dilated non-chagasic cardiomyopathy may be mediated by an immunological mechanism. In an attempt to distinguish abnormal immunoregulatory cell patterns in both dilated myocardiopathies, total and activated T and B lymphocyte subpopulations were measured by flow cytometry and double-labeling in whole blood samples from patients with dilated myocardiopathy, 10 with positive serological tests for T. cruzi and 9 with different non-chagasic cardiomyopathies. Several significant differences were found between both groups of patients and 13 sex- and age-matched apparently healthy controls. Chagasic patients besides showing clear decrease in absolute numbers of CD3+/CD71+ and CD8+/CD25+ cell populations also had a significant increase in CD19+, CD10+, and CD19+/HLA-DR+ cell subsets, as well as high helper/ suppressor cell ratio. These findings suggest that concurrently with T cell diminution, which involved activated T lymphocytes displaying suppressor/cytotoxic immunophenotype, chronic chagasic patients with myocardiopathy showed elevated numbers of total and activated B lymphocytes. Patients with dilated non-chagasic myocardiopathy had significantly increased numbers of activated T cells (CD3+/CD25+, CD8+/CD25+, and CD8+/HLA-DR+) and total and activated B lymphocytes (CD10+, CD19+, CD19+HLA-DR+). These data support the notion that dilated myocardiopathies other than the chagasics may be associated with immunological abnormalities.
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PMID:Circulating lymphocyte subpopulations and activated T and B cells in patients with chagasic and non-chagasic myocardiopathy. 905 39

A 39-year-old man was diagnosed as having acute myeloid leukemia and received 6 courses of chemotherapy. The bone marrow revealed complete remission. He had no prior history of cardiac or pulmonary disease. HLA-matched unrelated bone marrow transplantation (BMT) was performed in September 1995. Pre-transplant studies including chest X-ray, electrocardiogram and pulmonary function test were normal. The procedure of BMT was smooth and serial bone marrow examination showed successful engraftment. Serial chest X-rays done every week after BMT were normal. There were no evidence of fluid overload but severe mucositis was noted. On the 38th day after BMT, intravenous injection of 10 mg morphine was prescribed to relief severe oral pain. Respiratory depression developed right after, and naloxone 0.4 mg was given by an intravenous route. One hour later, severe shortness of breath was noted and the emergent chest X-ray revealed acute pulmonary edema. He became unconscious 2 hours later and expired 24 hours after naloxone injection in spite of intensive medical treatment. Naloxone-induced acute pulmonary edema is an extremely rare but lethal complication. Only a few cases have been reported in English literature. We report a case of acute myeloid leukemia receiving unrelated BMT to develop acute pulmonary edema rapidly after intravenous injection of naloxone. The clinical features and pathogenesis are discussed.
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PMID:Lethal acute pulmonary edema following intravenous naloxone in a patient received unrelated bone marrow transplantation. 943 52

The physical factors are important in the regulation of immunological functions. The primary immunological process maintaining a neuroimmunological disease is influenced by the physical state. In this paper the natural killer activity was demonstrated at 50 patients with definite multiple sclerosis. One fifth of them was depressed. Significantly lower natural killer activity was found in this group unrelated to the disease activity. In the group of patients without depression significantly higher natural killer activity was present in the remission comparing the relapse. Our findings confirmed the frequent appearance of HLA DR2 configuration in multiple sclerosis. HLA differences were not found between the depressed and non-depressed groups. This results concern the role of physical factors in the disease process, but refer to other factors linked to the disease activity.
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PMID:[Natural killer cell activity in multiple sclerosis patients]. 944 81

The immediate responses to aerosolized staphylococcal enterotoxin B (SEB) in respiratory toxic shock were studied in the circulation of rhesus monkeys with low antibody levels following immunization with SEB toxoid-containing microspheres. Both the surviving and dying monkeys had toxic shock syndrome 4-48 h after SEB challenge and all showed three distinctive patterns of immediate responses. The first pattern, characterized by the responses of all T cells, HLA-DRlo cells, monocytes, IL-2R+ cells, IFN-gamma, and augmented lymphocyte mitotic responses to lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and SEB in culture, was a rapid increase at 20 min followed by a quick decrease at 90 min to approximately the original levels. The second pattern, which included responses of HLA-DRhi cells, NK cells, adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) and cortisol, was characterized by a moderate decrease at 20 min and a further decrease at 90 min. The third pattern, the inverse of the second pattern, including responses of polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMN), concanavalin A (Con A) mitogenesis, IL-6 and IL-2, was a moderate increase at 20 min and a further increase at 90 min. Between the surviving and dying monkeys, the responses of T cells, HLA-DRhi cells, PMN and cortisol did not differ significantly, suggesting that they are the basic causes that initiated toxic shock. However, significant differences were seen in the responses of HLA-DRlo cells, monocytes, IL-2R+ cells and lymphocyte mitogenesis in culture at 20 min, and of Con A mitogenesis, NK cells, IL-2, IL-6 and ACTH at 90 min. These different responses are apparently the exacerbating causes of death of the monkeys. All together, the immediate responses seem to be caused by the combined effects of SEB superantigenicity, activation of NK cells and non-lymphoid cells, and depression of the neuroimmune defense system.
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PMID:Immediate responses of leukocytes, cytokines and glucocorticoid hormones in the blood circulation of monkeys following challenge with aerosolized staphylococcal enterotoxin B. 946 10

It has been known that negative signal of natural killer (NK) cells is triggered by HLA-polymorphic determinant (PMD) of target cells. However, it is not clear whether or not the negative signal is triggered by HLA-monomorphic determinant (MMD). In this study, we determined the interaction of NK receptor and MMD by mean of a blocking test. For the blocking, W6/32, which is an antibody to the MMD, was used. As target cells, we used a tumor cell line H42 and several cell lines. The H42 was established from a bladder cancer patient after radiation therapy. This cell line was demonstrated to be PMD negative but MMD positive and showed NK sensitivity. We had established one more cell line, H41, from the same patient before the radiation therapy. However, the H41 possessed both the PMD and MMD and exhibited NK resistance. Thus, the NK sensitivity of the H42 may be due to depression of the PMD. We performed a blocking test against the MMD of these cell lines. When the H42 was pretreated with F(ab')2 fragment of the W6/32, the killing by NK cells increased. Other cell lines, EB33, KMT-1, and HMy2-C1R, which possessed low levels of PMD, were killed moderately after the pretreatment, although the H41 and other cell lines (KO, MT-2, OKM-3T), which possessed high levels of PMD, were killed only slightly. These findings suggest that the negative signal may be triggered not only by the PMD but also by the MMD.
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PMID:Enhancement of tumor cell lysis by natural killer cells after blocking of HLA-monomorphic determinant using F(ab')2 fragment of W6/32. 954 38

The depression of the immune system in chronic uremia is a well-known phenomenon but the role of serum zinc (Zn) levels on both cell-mediated and humoral immunity is still controversial. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of Zn supplementation on the immune system and on antibody response to multivalent influenza vaccine (MIV) in hemodialysis patients (HP). Twenty-six HP and 11 healthy subjects (HS) were vaccinated with MIV. Hemodialysis patients were randomly divided into two groups. Group I (13 HP) was supplemented with 120 mg ZnSO4 after each dialysis session. Group II (13 HP) and Group III (11 HS) were given placebo. In all cases, the serum Zn levels, CD3, CD4, CD8, CD19, HLA-DR+ cell percentages, CD4/CD8 ratio and CD3+ HLA-DR+ cell percentages were determined before and 30 days after vaccination. Antibody levels to subgroups of MIV were also measured. All the baseline parameters studied were not statistically different between Group I and II. However, there was a significant difference between the basal parameters of Group III and the other two groups, except for CD3 and CD4 cell percentages. Serum Zn, CD19 cell percentage and antibody levels to MIV subgroups were significantly increased in Group I at the end of the first month of the study (p<0.01, p<0.05, p<0.001, p<0.001, and p<0.01, respectively), but the other parameters showed no significant changes. The only significant change observed in Groups II and III was an increase in antibody levels to MIV subgroups one month after vaccination. Antibody levels to MIV subgroups, were not statistically different between Groups I and II, but in Group III they were strikingly higher than those of HP (p<0.001). These results led us to conclude that Zn supplementation could not restore the immune parameters and enhance antibody response to MIV in HP.
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PMID:Effects of zinc supplementation on the immune system and on antibody response to multivalent influenza vaccine in hemodialysis patients. 968 9

The systemic inflammatory response (SIRS) results from various types of injuries such as severe infection, trauma, ischemia-reperfusion and major surgery including cardiac surgery with cardio-pulmonary bypass. This response involves immune cell activation and a complex network of proinflammatory cytokines, which may induce multiple organ failure when uncontrolled. The monocyte plays a central role in the response to infection with the release of TNF, IL-1, and IL-12. In addition, monocytes present antigens to T lymphocytes. An optimal antigen presentation requires the expression of MHC class II HLA-DR on monocytes surface and of co-stimulatory molecules such as CD54 on monocytes and LFA-1 on lymphocytes. It has become increasingly apparent that the pro-inflammatory response is balanced by concomitant anti-inflammatory mechanisms that results in monocyte deactivation, characterized by a decrease in HLA-DR expression and the release of anti-inflammatory cytokines such as IL-10. This counterregulatory response, if prolonged or predominant, may predispose the patient to a higher risk of infection. Further studies need to be conducted to precise: 1) the intensity of depression of the surface molecule expression assessing monocyte function, such as HLA DR and CD54; 2) the level of IL-10 and IL-12 release in patients with severe sepsis; 3) the immunomodulating effects of frequently used treatments in these patients with severe sepsis and in surgical patients; 4) the time course of recovery; 5) if the monitoring of HLA-DR, CD54, IL-10 and IL-12 will better predict the clinical outcome than clinical parameters.
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PMID:Assessment of immunological status in the critically ill. 1096 15

The purpose of this study was to examine the applicability of a biopsychosocial model for estimating disease activity in rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Sixty-three patients with RA were evaluated at baseline, 3 months, and 6 months. Joint counts were collected as the measure of disease activity. Peripheral blood immunophenotypic subsets, demographic characteristics, and psychological measures were obtained and entered into hierarchical regression analyses, with the joint count as the dependent variable. Immunophenotypic subsets (that is, CD57+/CD16-, HLA-DR+) were predictive of disease activity at all three time intervals. At baseline and 3 months, psychological variables (that is, helplessness and depression) were significantly related to joint counts, and the full model was highly significant. The conclusion was that the biopsychosocial perspective is useful for estimating RA disease activity.
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PMID:Biopsychosocial parameters of disease activity in rheumatoid arthritis. 1118 92


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