Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0011570 (depression)
 172,036 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

28 cases of suicide committed in a Swedish population subjected to repeated psychiatric investigations are described. Two groups of controls were selected from the same population: sex- and age-matched living persons (normal group) and sex-matched persons who had died from organic disease at ages corresponding to those at which the individuals in the suicide group had taken their lives (deceased group). The three groups were compared concerning clinical circumstances regarded to have been of importance for the final suicidal act. Interest was focused on events that had occurred during the year prior to suicide. Psychiatric disorders were diagnosed in 93% of the suicide group, in 60% of the deceased group, and in 32% of the normal group. Depression was the main diagnosis (50%) in the suicide group, organic brain syndrome in decreased and normals. Medical advice was sought more often (75%) by the suicide group than by normal controls (34%) and about equally often as by the deceased control (84%). 10 of the suicide persons with depressive illness had never seen a psychiatrist.
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PMID:Suicide in the Lundby study: a comparative investigation of clinical aspects. 43

The term glossodynia refers to all conditions with pain and dysaesthesia of the tongue and entire oral mucosa manifesting themselves in burning, prickling, itching, stinging, and other frequently bizarre sensations as well as subjective xerostomia and bad taste. In most cases psychiatric diseases are the cause of the complex of complaints whereas local and general disorders are of only minor importance. Menopausal women with atypical depression are most often affected. Schizophrenia and abnormal personality development are far less frequent in glossodynia. After exclusion or therapy of organic disorders antidepressants are the treatment of choice in glossodynia. Thereapeutic difficulties may arise in patients suffering from marked xerostomia whose complaints may intensify during therapy because of the anticholinergic effect of most antidepressants, and in neurotic persons.
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PMID:[Psychological aspects of glossodynia (author's transl)]. 67 25

Ninety-six patients complaining of recurrent or persistent abdominal pain were referred consecutively to a surgical clinic and a medical clinic, respectively. They were examined psychiatrically after their initial physical investigation. The psychiatric examination included rating scales for depression and anxiety, a personality inventory, life-events schedule, scale of verbal expressivity, and family and personal patterns of pain and invalidism. Only 15 patients (15-6%) had organic disorders that could be responsible for their symptoms. In the remainder, psychiatric factors were considered primarily responsible for their abdominal pain: 31 were depressed; 21 had chronic tension; in 17 hysterical mechanisms were prominent; and 12 were found to be unrecognised alcoholics. Follow-up at three and six months and recognition by 80% of the psychogenic group that a psychological explanation was plausible, confirmed the diagnoses, and over half responded favourably to psychiatric management. Features distinguishing the organic and psychogenic groups were delineated. Psychiatric assessment has a place among the investigations of non-acute abdominal pain; certainly it should not be condisered simply as "a last resort."
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PMID:Psychologically mediated abdominal pain in surgical and medical outpatients clinics. 86 87

Sensory deprivation speeds up the degenerative changes normally associated with aging and enhances the loss of functional cells in the central nervous system. Since it connotes reduction or absence of stimulation of the five senses, it involves the patient's physical activity, social relationships, intellectual status and overall "value system." Geriatric patients with various illnesses are particularly vulnerable to sensory deprivation, which becomes increasingly pronounced as physical or mental deterioration progresses. All cells require stimulation for continued growth and activity; lack of stimulation leads to atrophy, with secondary physical or psychosocial abnormalities. Depression acts as a negative reinforcement of stimuli, and anxiety acts as a blocking mechanism. The goal of rehabilitation is to maintain and strengthen the patient's social values and to preserve mental and physical motility. The recommended procedure involves assessment of medical, psychologic and social factors, and determination of whether organic disease is present. A specific treatment plan to meet the individualized needs of each patient is then established so as to minimize sensory deprivation and maximize physical and mental functioning. Re-evaluation (physical and psychologic) at regular intervals establishes a pattern not only for individual comparison but for comparison with results in untreated control groups.
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PMID:Sensory deprivation in geriatric patients. 96 76

Ninety-nine patients, twenty-three men and seventy-six women, who complained of a lump in the throat were evaluated with the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory, which revealed that these patients had a higher than average score on the depression and the hypochondriasis scales. The intensity of this finding was greater in males. One must never overlook the possibility of a neurotic patient also having serious organic disease.
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PMID:Globus hystericus -- office evaluation by phychological testing with the MMPI. 96 19

Disorders of sexual libido are seldom organic, in general they are of psychological origin. It is, however, difficult to obtain a differential diagnosis. One of the first diagnostic considerations must be the establishment of primary or secondary libidinal dificit, or indeed, whether there is no libido at all. In cases of libido disorders with primary libido dificit, depression, organic disease, or side effects of pharmaca may be the cause. Libido disorders in the presence of functional libido, however, must be regarded as primarily psychologically caused. An exception are libido problems in the presence of diabetes mellitus and peripheral vasculatory defeciencies. In these cases libido is either totally absent or appears only secondarily. The symptomatology of libido disorders in the presence of depression, diabetes melitus, and peripheral vasculatory disturbancies, as well as psychologically caused erectile and ejaculatory difficulties are discussed in detail. These groups are compared with respect to libido and behavior involving erection, ejaculation, anxiety and avoidance.
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PMID:[Differential diagnosis in potency disorders]. 100 99

1,000 medical and surgical inpatients referred for psychiatric conSULTATION SHOWED CONCURRENT PHYSICAL AND PSYCHIATRIC DISORDER IN 68.2% of cases. This is in accordance with epidemiological findings that these two types of morbidity have a positive association and coexist in 20-50% of patients. Depression was the commonest psychiatric disorder in all classes of organic disease and accounted for 53% of all psychiatric diagnoses. Organic brain syndromes, acute and chronic constituted 18% of referrals. Almost twice as many women as men were referred despite their nearly equal distribution in hospital population. One-third of the females had no positive medical diagnosis compared to one-fifth of the men. Alcoholism was a major problem in 8.9% of referrals. 7.8% of patients were referred following suicidal attempt. Of the 50 patients with cancer. 66% had depression. Too few medical patients with psychiatric complications are referred and adequately treated. Greater emphasis on teaching psychiatric syndromes is called for. Psychiatric consultation-liaison services offer the most direct form of collaboration between psychiatry and medicine in the interests of comprehensive patient care.
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PMID:Psychiatric consultations in a general hospital. A report on 1,000 referrals. 126 47

Chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS) is easily differentiated from various neurological organic disorders by conventional clinical examinations. The most important disease for distinguishment from CFS is fibromyalgia syndrome, in which the prominent and cardinal feature is a deprivation of stage 4 slow wave sleep. Experimentally, the sleep disturbance in controls can induce general myalgia, muscle tender points, severe fatigue and stiffness on awakening. The EEG abnormality is slow alpha wave contaminants on slow wave background, which is identical to EEG of CFS. The results clearly imply that CFS is not a hysterical or psychogenic disease, and that fibromyalgia may be a central fundamental of CFS. Fibromyalgia, however, has distinct features such as no antecedent inflammatory process and no endemics. Therefore, the syndrome has features distinct from, in addition to common features to CFS. It is also very difficult to distinguish CFS from depression. The above-mentioned features can be observed in depression. Now, study of brain blood flow or metabolism by PET or SPECT can be a possible tool for establishment of the CFS identity.
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PMID:[Neuro-psychiatric aspects of chronic fatigue syndrome]. 128 39

A group of 1070 community-living persons aged 65 and over was assessed using the GMS-AGECAT package and other interviews at years 0 and 3. Year 3 interviewers were 'blind' to the findings at year 0, and the prevalence of organic disorders and depression was very similar in both years. According to the results at year 3, minimum and maximum prevalence figures for dementia at year 0 were 2.4% and 3.8% for moderate to severe and 0.4% and 2.4% for mild or early cases, with a best estimate of 3.5% and 0.8%, or 4.3% overall, divided into: senile, Alzheimer's type 3.3%; vascular 0.7%; and alcohol-related 0.3%. The overall incidence of dementia, clinically confirmed by six-year follow-up, was 9.2/1000 per year (Alzheimer type 6.3, vascular 1.9, alcohol related 1.0). Three years later, 72.0% of those with depressive psychosis and 62.3% of those with depressive neurosis were either dead or had some kind of psychiatric illness. Nearly 60% of milder depressive cases (7.2% of the total sample) had either died or developed a chronic mental illness. The outcome of depressive pseudodementias is equivocal so far. Findings at year 3 provide validation of AGECAT computer diagnosis against outcome; organic and depression diagnoses are seen to have important implications for prognosis.
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PMID:Alzheimer's disease, other dementias, depression and pseudodementia: prevalence, incidence and three-year outcome in Liverpool. 842 28

Major depression disease is uncommon in children; it occurs mostly in children with a depressed parent or in children under major psychosocial stress such as physical or sexual abuse. Most depression in children is masked, i.e., the child presents with signs or symptoms such as headaches, abdominal pain, muscle weakness, vomiting, dizziness, hyperactivity, or school avoidance. Careful evaluation of the history is required to assist in the diagnosis. Some basic laboratory tests should be done to rule out organic disease. Psychiatric referral should be carried out after an appropriate evaluation.
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PMID:Depression and chronic fatigue in children. A masquerade ball. 187 11


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