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 172,036 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

This study examined the relationship of binge eating to a variety of metabolic, anthropometric, and psychological characteristics in 132 obese women seeking weight reduction. Contrary to findings of a reduced resting metabolic rate (RMR) in persons with bulimia nervosa, no significant differences were observed between obese bingers and nonbingers in RMR or thyroid hormones. Nor did the two groups differ significantly in weight, percentage body fat, body fat distribution, or serum lipid levels. Consistent with previous findings, however, binge eaters did score significantly higher in depression and other measures of psychopathology, as assessed by the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory. They also scored significantly higher in disinhibition and hunger but significantly lower in cognitive restraint. All of these findings await confirmation in subjects diagnosed according to criteria proposed for a new binge eating disorder. The present results, however, provide little support for the hypothesis that binge eating in obese individuals is related to reduced resting energy requirements.
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PMID:Metabolic, anthropometric, and psychological characteristics of obese binge eaters. 833 95

Fifty-eight normal-weight DSM-III-R bulimia nervosa patients were compared with 27 normal controls on measures of bulimia nervosa, depression, impulsivity, obsessionality and impulse control (dyscontrol) behaviours. Patients scored higher than controls on all these measures. Almost half the patient cohort met Lacey's multi-impulsive bulimia criteria. When bulimic symptoms were controlled for in an analysis of covariance, multi-impulsive bulimics did not score significantly differently to non-impulsive bulimics on psychometric measures of impulsivity, obsessionality and depression. The concept of impulsivity is critically reviewed and newer concepts linking obsessionality and impulsivity are explored.
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PMID:Impulsivity and dyscontrol in bulimia nervosa: is impulsivity an independent phenomenon or a marker of severity? 835 89

Voluntary weight loss in obese patients consistently reduces negative emotions such as depression and anxiety in the short term. Dieting by persons of normal weight is associated with low self-esteem and depressive symptoms. Dieting is linked to the development and maintenance of eating disorders such as anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa, although the precise nature of this association is unclear. Dieting cannot be a sufficient causal condition and must combine with other still undetermined vulnerabilities to cause eating disorders. Identification of these risk factors must precede the development of effective programs to prevent eating disorders.
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PMID:Relation of dieting and voluntary weight loss to psychological functioning and binge eating. 836 6

Dissociative Experiences Survey scores were compared between bulimics with and without depression, and among depressed patients with and without bulimia. An association is noted between depression and dissociation, confounding the previously noted relationship between bulimia nervosa and dissociation.
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PMID:The relationship of depression to dissociation in patients with bulimia nervosa. 836 64

The results of a small pilot study using Fluvoxamine (Faverin) in the treatment of non-vomiting bingeing female patients and women with bulimia nervosa is presented. Ten non-vomiting subjects and six with bulimia nervosa were treated on an open basis with Fluvoxamine 100-200 mg daily. Assessment was made using established questionnaires for severity of eating disorder and abnormality of mood. Five non-vomiting patients and three with bulimia nervosa completed the study. Non-vomiters showed a significant weight loss; a significant reduction in number of binges; a significant reduction in the scores on the BITE and the EAT; and a significant reduction in anxiety. Those with bulimia nervosa had a significant reduction in hunger and a reduction in depression which tended towards significance. Firm conclusions cannot be drawn from this study as it is an open pilot study of a small number of women. However, the results indicate that Fluvoxamine may have a role in the treatment of eating disorders where bingeing is a prominent symptom and that further research would be valuable. Comments are also made on the usefulness of various questionnaires designed to assess eating disorders.
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PMID:Fluvoxamine: an open pilot study in moderately obese female patients suffering from atypical eating disorders and episodes of bingeing. 838 40

To determine the relationship between Tridimensional Personality Questionnaire (TPQ) scales and bulimia nervosa, TPQ scores of 27 bulimic women, age range 21-59, were compared with values for an age-matched sample of 128 normal control women drawn from the national norming sample by Przybeck. Scores for Novelty Seeking and Harm Avoidance were significantly higher, while scores for Reward Dependence were significantly lower for the bulimic women. A stepwise regression model of severity of purging on TPQ selected Novelty Seeking and a composite depression score, with Novelty Seeking being the stronger of the two predictors. Whole blood serotonin levels did not relate to TPQ scores or to purging frequency.
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PMID:Tridimensional Personality Questionnaire and serotonin in bulimia nervosa. 841 20

This study evaluated the extent to which personality disorder (PD) diagnoses drawn in active bulimics explained pretreatment and posttreatment comorbid features, once possible secondary effects of bulimia nervosa (BN) on the mental status were controlled. We used structured interviews to assign axis II diagnoses to 73 DSM-III-R bulimics, and then examined whether or not classification into borderline PD (BPD), other PD (OPD), or no PD (NPD) groups (a) predicted pretreatment and posttreatment differences in comorbid symptoms, and (b) explained the severity of comorbid symptoms independent of effects attributable to BN sequelae. Groups never differed on eating-symptom measures, with all showing satisfactory average improvements over 3 months. However, on pretreatment and posttreatment comorbid symptoms, BPD subjects displayed more depression, reliance on maladaptive defenses, and other pathological features than did other groups. More importantly, after controlling for the effects of possible sequelae of BN on comorbid symptoms at each point in time, a borderline/nonborderline distinction always explained significant residual proportions of variance in comorbid symptoms. These findings suggest that despite tendencies for BN to exacerbate concurrent symptoms, axis II diagnoses remain meaningful as indicators of comorbid features.
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PMID:Comorbid features in bulimics before and after therapy: are they explained by axis II diagnoses, secondary effects of bulimia, or both? 842 92

Nineteen bulimic women and 22 age-matched controls were randomly assigned to receive 25 g of glucose or a placebo injection under double-blind conditions. Blood samples of glucose, insulin, and glucagon, and psychometric assessments of mood and food cravings were obtained 10 min before, and 0, 5, 10, 20, 30, 45, and 60 min after injection. Blood levels of the large neutral amino acids (LNAAs) tryptophan, tyrosine, leucine, valine, phenylalanine, and leucine were determined at 10 min before and 60 min after the injection. Bulimic subjects were found to report more symptoms of distressed mood throughout the entire monitoring period than controls. Five minutes following glucose ingestion the self-reports of depression, fatigue, anxiety, and bewilderment rose to a level among the bulimic subjects that was above that at baseline, and was higher than that of bulimia nervosa (BN) subjects receiving placebo. No comparable change in mood was observed among controls. Blood glucose levels were correlated with mood in the bulimic group, but not in controls. In addition, the glucose injection induced a heightened urge to binge in the bulimic group (compared to placebo at 10 and 60 min), whereas reducing food cravings (for sweets) in the controls (at 5 min). When collapsed across time and injection condition, the blood glucose level of bulimics was lower than that of controls. There were no differences in insulin response between the groups. The bulimic group was found to have lower baseline levels of blood tryptophan, whereas no differences in the tryptophan/LNAA ratio were observed either at baseline or following glucose.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:A double-blind placebo-controlled glucose challenge in bulimia nervosa: psychological effects. 844 64

Binge eating disorder (BED) is a new eating disorder that describes the eating disturbance of a large number of individuals who suffer from recurrent binge eating but who do not regularly engage in the compensatory behaviors to avoid weight gain seen in bulimia nervosa. This multisite study of BED involved 1,785 subjects drawn from 18 weight control programs, 942 subjects from five nonpatient community samples, and 75 patients with bulimia nervosa. Approximately 29% of subjects in weight control programs met the criteria for BED. In the nonpatient community samples BED was more common than purging bulimia nervosa. The validity of BED was supported by its strong association with (1) impairment in work and social functioning, (2) overconcern with body/shape and weight, (3) general psychopathology, (4) significant amount of time in adult life on diets, (5) a history of depression, alcohol/drug abuse, and treatment for emotional problems.
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PMID:Binge eating disorder: its further validation in a multisite study. 847 83

Eating disorders, including anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa, are common problems in young women, yet many delay or never seek treatment for them. A semistructured telephone interview that addressed various eating problems was conducted with 78 consecutive patients referred to a university hospital eating disorders clinic. It was hypothesized that individuals who subsequently followed through with treatment would differ in some easily recognizable characteristics from those who did not. No significant differences were found in variables, including duration of eating problems, frequency of binge eating or vomiting, history of previous treatment, or presence of associated physical problems. However, individuals who abused laxatives, those with depression, and those who were least satisfied with their current weight tended to avoid coming to the clinic for treatment. These findings suggest that individuals with more severe eating problems may be the most reluctant to seek treatment.
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PMID:Factors predicting reluctance to seek treatment in patients with eating disorders. 848 99


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