Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0011570 (depression)
 172,036 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The authors report the first results concerning the systematic use of "immunological monitoring" in patients suffering from well-developed laryngeal cancer. The authors have also studied, in 50 cases in different stages of development, the activity of T-cells using the cutaneous tests (BCG, PPD, PHA and SK-SD), the E-rosette test and the PHA-induced lymphocytic blastization test (it is well known that the T-cells are responsible for a cytotoxic effect against neoplastic cells). The authors have also studied the activity of B-lymphocytes by means of the EA and EAC rosette test and of IgG, IgA, IgM and complement serum titles. They have observed a progressive depression of the T-cell activity after surgical intervention, whereas the B-cell activity in several cases tends to increase. The authors discuss these immunological results and the possibility that these findings may represent the basis for a complementary immunotherapy following the surgical treatment and/or radiotherapy or chemotherapy. Finally, the authors discuss the possibilities and the limitations of these immunological methods from the point of view of clinical application.
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PMID:Prospects and limitations of systematic monitoring in patients with laryngeal cancer. 31 88

Hypocalcemia, although a relatively uncommon sequela of operations for carcinoma of the larynx and pharynx, often presents as an acute medical emergency. In its chronic form, hypocalcemia may be a difficult disorder to control. Understanding the etiologic basis of hypocalcemia secondary to operations for carcinoma of the head and neck requires knowledge of the pathophysiology of the preoperative and postoperative factors affecting calcium homeostasis. These factors include thyroidectomy, hypoparathyroidism, hypomagnesemia, anticonvulsant therapy, estrogen replacement therapy, oral contraceptives, blood transfusions, hyperventilation alkalosis, hypoalbuminemia, corticosteroid therapy, depression, emotional stress and diet. Often the onset of symptoms and signs of hypocalcemia occurs within 24 to 48 hours after the operation. The symptoms may include mental depression, headache, tingling of the hands and perioral region and abdominal pain. Unrecognized chronic hypocalcemia may lead to the development of cataracts, convulsions and psychosis.
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PMID:Etiologic factors in hypocalcemia secondary to operations for carcinoma of the pharynx and larynx. 67 61

We examined the postoperative adjustment of 45 patients who underwent surgery for cancers of the head and neck: 23 who had laryngeal cancer, 18 who had oral cavity/oropharyngeal cancers, and 4 who had cancers of other sites. Patients were assessed preoperatively, and at 3 months and 9 to 12 months postsurgery. Interviews and questionnaires were used to assess depression, body image, limitations, pain, financial problems, need for help at home, and social interaction. Results revealed that pain, fatigue, weakness, and loss of speech were major concerns. Pain and financial concerns were worst at 3 months and then improved. Physical limitations increased steadily with time. Depression was a major factor in patients with oral cavity and oropharyngeal cancers. Of note, patients who underwent postoperative radiation therapy had the most difficulty adapting to their illness and treatment, with persistent limitations in function and social isolation. The implications of these findings are discussed.
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PMID:Adaptation to surgery for head and neck cancer. 275 86

To investigate the blood system response to the use of radiation therapy with metronidazole as a radiosensitizer, a study was made of the peripheral blood and bone marrow (at the light and electron microscopy level) in 46 patients with laryngeal cancer who had been subjected to local therapeutic irradiation at a summary focal dose up to 32 Gy. Twenty-eight patients received radiotherapy in the presence of a radiosensitizing effect of metronidazole, the others without a modifier. The patients ranged in age between 30 and 65. It has been shown that the medullary hemopoiesis of patients with laryngeal cancer is characterized by a considerable variability of the main indices: from hyperplasia of the hemopoietic tissue to the depression of myelopoiesis. The general signs of the bone marrow state were the intensity of erythropoiesis, high lymphocyte, monocyte, reticular and plasma cell counts, change of the partial morphograms of granulocytes and erythrokaryocytes that attest to the inhibition of the maturation of myelokaryocytes. The use of metronidazole as a radiosensitizer as distinct from purely radiation effects results in a high leukocyte count at the expense of the proliferating pool of the granulocytic growth of the bone marrow as well as in a larger share of ineffective erythropoiesis with a corresponding decrease of red blood indices. The disturbances revealed do not restrict indications to the use of metronidazole as a radiosensitizer.
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PMID:[Medullary hematopoiesis in laryngeal cancer during radiotherapy using metronidazole]. 670 Mar 95

122 patients with squamous-cell-carcinoma of the larynx (T1-stage) were examined after surgical or radiological treatment. None of these patients showed evidence of tumor recurrence. Peripheral T-lymphocytes and delayed hypersensitivity were studied in all these patients. According to their treatment, the patients were allotted into three groups and compared with a control group, consisting of 20 patients with nonneoplastic head- and neck-disease. The main finding was a significant decrease in the peripheral T-lymphocytes in surgically- or radiologically-treated patients with a squamous-cell-carcinoma of the larynx (T1-stage). This reduction of T-cells must be interpreted as a congenital or acquired defect of the immunocompetent system. In about half of the control cases the DNCB-tests showed no evidence of delayed hypersensitivity. In view of these results and those reported in the literature, the test should be used critically. In contrast to our earlier findings, where patients received radiotherapy over large areas including big vessels, radiation over a smaller, localised area does not lead to a significant depression of peripheral T-lymphocytes.
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PMID:[Peripheral T-lymphocytes and delayed hypersensitivity in surgically and radiologically treated patients with early stages of larynx-carcinoma]. 698 31

When a group of 10 patients who had received surgery for carcinoma of the larynx were compared with 10 control patients who had received radiotherapy for carcinoma of the larynx, four of the former but none of the latter were found to be suffering from depression, a statistically significant difference. Depression was associated with poor communication skills and geographical isolation. Psychiatric intervention is recommended for patients undergoing mutilating forms of surgery.
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PMID:Depression following laryngectomy. A pilot study. 807 7

This study was conducted to explore the concerns and coping mechanisms used by patients with head and neck cancer and assess their quality of life. A group of 50 consecutive patients with oral and laryngeal cancers were interviewed using a coping and concerns checklist and a semistructured interview proforma to elicit the common concerns in relation to head and neck cancers and their surgical treatment. The Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale was used to detect anxiety and depression. Concerns were compared between oral and laryngeal cancers and between preoperative and postoperative patients. Commonest concerns were about the future (64%), subjective physical evaluation (60%), finances (56%), being upset (54%), communication (54%), current illness (52%) and inability to do things (50%). The commonest coping mechanisms used were helplessness and fatalism. Resolution was noted in less than 40% of the frequent concerns. As compared to laryngeal cancer patients, those with oral cancer significantly more often had concerns about current illness, subjective evaluation of health, eating and chewing, social interactions, pain and disfigurement (P < 0.05). Most subjects had numerous unresolved concerns. Mainly ineffective coping mechanisms such as helplessness and fatalism were employed leading to incomplete resolution. Interventions to minimise these concerns and to handle associated anxiety and depression would improve their quality of life.
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PMID:Concerns, coping and quality of life in head and neck cancer patients. 873 50

In this study we investigated the possible relationship of laryngeal cancer and subclinical lead intoxication, using the depression of aminolevulinic acid dehydratase (ALAD) activity in blood as indicator. Twenty-six patients with laryngeal cancer and 53 normal controls met the criteria to enter the study. Blood ALAD activity values in the patients with laryngeal cancer ranged from 27.1 to 75.3 U/l with a mean of 50.79 U/l. The respective values in the control group ranged from 36.2 to 98 U/l with a mean of 59.76 U/l. There was a statistically significant difference between the two means (0.001 < p < 0.01), whereas blood lead concentrations in all patients were within normal limits. These findings support the hypothesis that low level lead intoxication (subclinical blood lead levels), from cars, industries and products, may contribute to the risk of laryngeal cancer. Further investigation is needed to clarify the exact relationship between lead and cancer of the larynx.
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PMID:Effect of subclinical lead intoxication on laryngeal cancer. 915 46

This study represents an extension of our statistical studies of age-adjusted incidence rates (AAIRs) of 19 neoplasias from 47 population units of the world. We have invented 2 data manipulation methods (topological data conversion and sequential regression analysis method) to estimate separately the intensities of each oncogene activation and tumor suppressor gene inactivation of a given tumor (marker tumor) relative to a counterpart tumor (reference tumor) in terms of r seq value. This study prepared the r seq table of all permutations of tumor pairs for each of the 2 cancer genes and for each sex first, and then investigated the relation between the r seq profile of oncogene activation and that of tumor suppressor gene inactivation for each tumor. A profile containing 16 (male) or 17 (female) r seq data was prepared for each tumor pair, for each cancer gene, and for each sex. The extent of similarity between 2 r seq profiles was assessed by the 1st order regression analysis in terms of the correlation coefficient r value. Results obtained are given as follows: a) The proportions of both the tumor pairs with r seq values of less than -0.90 in the oncogene activation tables of two sexes and those with r seq values of more than +0.90 in the tumor suppressor gene inactivation tables of the two sexes were all more than 50%. A small number of tumor pairs in both the oncogene activation tables and the tumor suppressor gene inactivation tables have invaded deep into each the plus- and the minus-areas to constitute the very end of long tails of the r seq profiles. b) In spite of the above symmetry of data distribution between the 2 cancer-gene tables, individual cancer pairs very rarely gave 2 cancer-gene profiles that fit the definition of symmetry. Taken together, our data manipulation was a success in presenting an oncogene activation profile and a tumor suppressor gene inactivation profile separately. c) The similarity test was conducted with all combinations of tumor pair profiles for each cancer gene and for each sex. The frequency distributions of r values in the oncogene activation tables of both sexes looked normal with long tails to both the plus- and the minus-areas. In contrast, the corresponding frequency distributions of r in the tumor suppressor gene inactivation tables of both sexes were skewed towards the direction of +1.0. It was indicated that the morphological specificity of the oncogene activation profiles was much higher than that of the tumor suppressor gene inactivation profiles. d) Male versus female comparison in 2 neoplasias with sex discrimination of cancer risk revealed that the combination of the general depression of r seq values in the oncogene profile of dominant gender and the general elevation of r seq values in the oncogene profile of recessive gender was the common trait of female-dominant breast cancer and male-dominant laryngeal cancer. It is suggested that the predominance of oncogene activation impact over the tumor suppressor gene inactivation impact was implicated in the creation of sex discrimination of cancer risk. e) Application of a new test method (reciprocal regression analysis) to the r seq table data led to the conclusion that the 2 cancer genes are interfering with each other, and that the balance of power between the 2 cancer genes varies from one marker tumor to the other. f) The results obtained in this study together with the consistency of data interpretation is discussed in light of thermodynamics.
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PMID:Relationship between the oncogene activation profiles and the tumor suppressor gene inactivation profiles in 19 human neoplasias - a regression analysis study of the intercancer linkage with the world cancer incidence data. 953 88

This study was designed to prospectively monitor the quality of life of laryngeal cancer patients, to compare the quality of life of patients with small tumors with that of patients with large tumors, and to test any quality of life difference in patients with small tumors treated with conventional versus hyperfractioned accelerated radiation therapy. Patients having had a laryngectomy within the study year were also analyzed separately. The European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer (EORTC) Quality of Life Core Questionnaire (QLQ-C30), the EORTC Head and Neck Module (H&N-37), and the Hospital Anxiety and Depression (HAD) scale were administered six times during 1 year. These questionnaires were found to be suitable for measuring laryngeal cancer patients' quality of life longitudinally. The questionnaires were sensitive to differences in quality of life for small versus large tumors and showed that hyperfractioned accelerated radiation therapy was advantageous compared with conventional radiation therapy with respect to quality of life at the 1-year follow-up.
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PMID:A prospective quality of life study of patients with laryngeal carcinoma by tumor stage and different radiation therapy schedules. 959 58


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