Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0011570 (depression)
 172,036 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Eighty-eight in-patients admitted to a psychiatric mother-and-baby unit and 80 randomly selected recently delivered women in the general population were interviewed using the LEDS. Only five of 33 patients (15%) with puerperal psychosis had provoking agents, which is less than the figure for women in the community (36%). Provoking agents were present in only 8 of 25 patients with post-natal depression, but they were present in seven of nine patients with pre-natal depression and eight of nine women in the community with pre-natal depression.
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PMID:Stress and puerperal psychosis. 201 31

Reviewing biological research in depressive illness, this work focuses on the DST as most practical and useful investigation in today's psychiatry. This study is empirically based on more than 10,000 test results from in- and outpatients recruited over six years. This work might be the missing link between highly selective and sometimes difficult to integrate university research and the daily practice. This experience with the DST on various areas is illustrated with numerous cases. Considerable attention goes to DST as diagnostic marker, prognostic indicator, DST and postpartum psychosis, DST and schizo-affective disorder, DST and masked depression. Possibilities and limits of this important aid in psychiatry are discussed in connection with measuring psychiatric illness and integrate approach.
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PMID:[Contribution of the DST (dexamethasone suppression test) to the diagnosis, prognosis and treatment of depression]. 248 23

Subacute thyroiditis is a common disease that often goes undetected. Indeed, both painful and painless thyroiditis are easily overlooked or misdiagnosed and perhaps mistreated unless careful attention is paid to the patient's history and physical examination. Treating the hyperthyroidism of subacute thyroiditis as if it were Graves' disease, for example, would be inappropriate, since therapy for the two entities is completely different. A form of painless thyroiditis, for reasons that remain unclear, can occur in the postpartum period and may be related to postpartum psychosis or depression.
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PMID:Painful, painless, and postpartum thyroiditis. Distinct entities or merely variants? 267 67

The clinical features of 104 patients admitted to a mother and baby unit over a 5-year period with RDC diagnoses of depression or schizoaffective depression were studied by self-ratings, measurements of non-verbal behaviour from standardised videotaped interviews, and observer ratings based on multiple information sources. The hypothesis was tested that they included a large subset which represented the depressed form of a bipolar puerperal psychosis. It was deduced that these illnesses would start early in the puerperium, and would have some specific clinical features. A comparison of patients with onset of depression within 2 weeks of delivery with those with onset during pregnancy or much later in the postnatal period showed a number of significant differences. A discriminant function analysis using serial reclassification of atypical patients refined the early-onset group by the exclusion of about one third of the patients who had an atypical clinical picture; the patients who remained, who are considered to represent the depressed form of puerperal psychosis, showed less anger, less self-rated emotion and more animation than the other depressed patients.
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PMID:The clinical picture of the depressed form of puerperal psychosis. 297 Apr 90

The authors review the evidence indicating that puerperal psychosis is a nosological entity. The psychosis most closely resembling puerperal psychosis is the schizophreniform variant of manic-depression, and the authors propose that if marked differences can be found between that state and puerperal psychosis, then the finding will tend to confirm the separateness of puerperal psychosis. They compare two such sets of patients, and conclude that the claim of puerperal psychosis to the status of a nosological entity is further supported.
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PMID:A comparison of puerperal psychosis and the schizophreniform variant of manic-depression. 671 44

Discussion focused on the use of hormone therapy for treating tension and depression experienced by women at various times during their life cycle. Teenagers frequently experience mood changes and discomfort during the early menstrual years. Most of these problems gradually disappear without treatment. In cases of severe dysmenorrhea, conventional estrogen and progestogen pills can be administered. Many women experience tension or depression during pregnancy. These feelings are usually induced by ambivalent feelings toward the pregnancy, concern about the pregnancy outcome, or fear of labor. Reassurance is the only therapy needed by most of these women. Neurotic puerperal reactions are rare but when they occur they are usually mild and disappear quickly. Prostaglandins are sometimes used to treat puerperal psychosis but prompt psychiatric care is probably more effective. About 10% of all females suffer from premenstrual syndrome. Dydrogesterone is effective in treating about 70% of these cases. Pyridoxine relieves symptoms in about 50% of these patients. Many women experience postmenopausal depression. Depression at that time can be induced by physiological changes; however, women during that stage of life may also be suffering from externally induced depression. If the depression has a physiological basis, estrogen replacement therapy is usually helpful. About 6% of the women who use oral contraceptives experience depression. These symptoms are sometimes relieved by administering pyridoxine or by taking a weak progestogen during the last week of pill taking.
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PMID:Tension and depression in women--the place of hormone therapy. 719 99

The most widely held current view on puerperal psychosis (PP) is that it is a mood disorder; some researchers have even suggested that it may be linked to bipolar mood disorder (BMD). To compare the phenomena of PP and BMD, 20 patients with PP were compared with 20 concurrent age-matched women with BMD, using the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-III-R (SCID). To exclude patients with possible unipolar disorder, subjects with depression were not considered for inclusion in the study. A significantly greater proportion of the PP group experienced delusions of control, auditory hallucinations, blunted affect, and emotional turmoil. Seven (35%) of the PP patients fulfilled DSM-III-R criteria for BMD. These results do not support the hypothesis that PP and BMD are the same illness. Further research is necessary to explore the possibility of a link between these two conditions.
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PMID:Is puerperal psychosis bipolar mood disorder?: a phenomenological comparison. 770 92

Despite the high prevalence of postpartum depressive disorders, many signs and symptoms of this illness are dismissed as normal physiologic changes associated with childbirth. Prompt recognition and treatment are imperative in order to limit the negative impact on both the mother and infant. Mood disturbances may have a minor functional impact that respond well to social support (eg. postpartum blues) or cause significant functional compromise requiring more aggressive therapy (eg. postpartum depression). The most extreme case of postpartum depressive disorder, postpartum psychosis, occurs when patients develop psychosis, mania, or thoughts of infanticide. Depression during pregnancy or the presence of risk factors suggests the need for careful follow-up. If postpartum depression develops, psychotherapy is the first-line treatment. Antidepressant treatment may be warranted for some patients, and the risks and benefits to both the mother and infant should be considered in the decision to institute pharmacotherapy.
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PMID:Postpartum depressive disorders. 896 9

Mood disturbance occurs commonly during the postpartum period. The symptoms may be transient and relatively mild (as in postpartum blues) or may be associated with significant impairment of functioning (as in postpartum depression and puerperal psychosis). Despite the prevalence of postpartum mood disorders, depressive symptoms that emerge during the puerperium are often overlooked. Puerperal affective illness places the mother at risk for the development of recurrent depression and has also been associated with significant long-term effects on child development and behavior. Therefore, the prompt recognition and efficacious treatment of puerperal mood disorders are essential in order to avoid adverse outcomes for both mother and infant. This article discusses the evaluation of postpartum mood disturbance and offers guidelines for the treatment of affective illness during the puerperium.
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PMID:Postpartum mood disorders: diagnosis and treatment guidelines. 955 58

Numerous reports indicate that severe depression responds well to electroconvulsive therapy. Four cases of severe postpartum depression are presented, three of which had psychotic features. All patients were successfully treated with electro-convulsive therapy. This form of therapy might be the treatment of choice for severe postpartum depressions and for all cases of postpartum psychosis where pharmacological therapy does not give a rapid restoration of the patient's function. A limited number of studies are published on this topic. Guidelines for treatment of these disorders are lacking, resulting in variable treatment practice.
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PMID:[Severe postpartum depression and psychosis--when is electroconvulsive therapy the treatment of choice?]. 1050 49


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