Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0011570 (depression)
 172,036 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Since an experiment in monkeys showed that tizanidine (DS 103-282), a centrally-acting muscle relaxant, has a certain amount of reinforcing property, a double-blind comparative study using questionnaires was carried out in 12 healthy volunteers to investigate the subjective effects of the drug as a measure of its psychic dependence potential using diazepam and a placebo. The dosages of tizanidine were 3 mg and 6 mg and that of diazepam was 10 mg. Neither the maximal clinical dosage of tizanidine (3 mg) nor twice that dosage (6 mg) induced any marked somatic or psychic symptoms compared with the placebo. On the other hand, diazepam 10 mg induced symptoms at a significantly higher incidence than the placebo and tizanidine; i.e., many of those given diazepam mentioned experiencing such symptoms of central nervous system depression as drowsiness and absent-mindedness. With diazepam the volunteers gave positive answers to some items which are regarded as direct parameters of psychic dependence; e.g., one noted that the drug effects were "desirable", two indicated a "euphoric feeling", and five noted a "drunken feeling". Influence on tapping, blood pressure, etc., were observed in the tizanidine 6 mg group in the same extent as in the diazepam group. The blood concentration of tizanidine 6 mg was about four times as high as tizanidine 3 mg. These results indicate that tizanidine is very unlikely to have psychic-dependence potential because of a lack of observable subjective effects and thus, it was concluded that there is little possibility of the drug being abused.
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PMID:Effects of tizanidine in healthy volunteers: double-blind study compared with diazepam and a placebo. 337 56

The analysis of symptom checklists completed by 3196 patients before treatment--1970 females and 1226 males starting the therapy due to neurotic disorders--revealed that 12 symptoms occur im more than 80% of patients; 9 symptoms in 70-80%, 18 dysfunctions in 70-60% and 17 other dysfunctions in 60-50% of examined population. This means that a large number of symptoms including tension, mood depression an anxiety as well as difficulties in concentration, lack of self-confidence, sense of tiredness, loss of energy, persistent thoughts and images, constant fear, absent-mindedness, motor tensions, pessimism, thought flood, the sense of difficulty in thinking and tachycardia occur in almost all patients suffering from neurotic disorders, mo matter what these disorders are. Tle largest group consisted of patients with the diagnosis of anxiety disorders like phobias and the like (ca. 25%). Results of the study suggest the necessity of verification of the present views on the picture of dysfunctions combining into neurotic disorders. A similar occurrence rate of ca. 30% of the 95 analysed dysfunctions in the subgroups of females and males as well as a higher occurrence rate of 10% of the dysfunctions in the male group also make it necessary to verify the prevalent convictions about the sex-dependent differences in the picture and course of neurotic disorders.
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PMID:[Neurotic symptoms frequency]. 1085 53