Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0011570 (depression)
 172,036 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The renal and proximal tubule response to contralateral kidney exclusion was studied in a variety of circumstances. Recollection micropuncture studies were performed to assess the response to contralateral kidney clamping in the normal or a remnant kidney of the dog. Acute clamping of the contralateral kidney for a normal and unilateral remnant kidney resulted in marked reduction in proximal TF/P inulin ratios in the experimental kidney reflecting a 15 percent reduction in fluid reabsorption. Mean fractional excretion of sodium, potassium and water increased significantly in remnant kidney dogs but no significant change was observed in normal dogs except for potassium excretion. The marked reduction in proximal reabsorption occurred as soon as 5-15 minutes after contralateral kidney clamping and was compensated by distal reabsorption. Acute obstruction of the contralateral ureter results in a similar markedly reduced proximal tubular reabsorption. The reduction in proximal reabsorption induced by contralateral clamping occurred in the presence of reduced perfusion pressure and volume expansion and to some extent with renal denervation. When prostaglandin E(2) or acetycholine were infused prior to contralateral kidney clamping, proximal reabsorption remained at control levels and the contralateral clamping response was blocked. Similar blockade occurred after treatment with indomethacin. Acute reduction in nephron mass causes a marked depression of proximal tubular sodium and fluid absorption not obviously accounted for by hemodynamicphysical factors and humoral factors may be involved. The level of distal reabsorption to increased proximal delivery following contralateral clamping, determines the net urinary excretion.
 ...
PMID:Acute functional adaptation to nephron loss: micropuncture studies. 73 48

Acute disruption of the renal blood supply has been shown by several workers to alter renal cortical metabolic functions and some transport processes. The present study was designed to examine acute ischemic effects on transport functions for both organic and inorganic substances. Acute clamping of the renal artery, renal vein, and ureter for 45 min produces a reversible disruption of tissue electrolyte and water balance. Longer occlusion appeared to produce irreversible effects. Alpha-Aminoisobutyrate (AIB) and lactate-stimulated rho-aminohippurate (PAH) transport were altered selectively by the 45-min occlusion. A longer occlusion period also depressed base-line PAH and tetraethylammonium (TEA) transport. Some of the depression of the organic compound transport functions are reversible. Renal cortical oxygen consumption measured in vitro was affected minimally.
 ...
PMID:Effects of acute anoxia on renal transport processes. 99 35

A case of chorioadenoma destruens with uterine rupture is reported. The patient was admitted because a persistent uterine bleeding after abortion about two months before. The titulation of gonadotrophic hormone resulted in 25,000 unities. After curettage she was complicated with hemoperitoneum and went to surgery. During hysterectomy were identified trophoblastic tissue in the broad ligament and partial blocking of the right ureter. After repeated chemotherapy she presented severe immuno depression and sepsis complicated with hemopericardium and died five months after the first admission. The pathology study demonstrated a perforation because a trophoblastic invasion in the right side of the cervix and in the autopsy was demonstrated right ureteral obstruction due to a fibro necrotic an inactive trophoblastic tissue determining significant right hydro-uretero nephrosis.
 ...
PMID:[Invasive mole with uterine rupture]. 134 67

Experiments were carried out in-vitro using segments of guinea-pig ileum, taenia caeci, ureter and detrusor. In the ileum, oxybutynin (30, 100 nM) competitively antagonized acetylcholine-induced contractions but did not alter those induced by histamine. Higher concentrations of oxybutynin (up to 10 microM) induced a non-competitive depression of responses to both agonists and caused a parallel shift to the right of the Ca2+-induced contractions in taenia caeci strips bathed in a Ca2+-free, high-K+ medium. In the ureter, oxybutynin (1-10 microM) impaired rhythmic muscular contractions in normal medium and after CaCl2 addition in Ca2+-free medium. Similarly to verapamil (10, 30 microM), oxybutynin (10, 30 microM) depressed both the cholinergic and non-adrenergic, non-cholinergic components of the electrically-induced contractions of detrusor strips. It is concluded that oxybutynin has anticholinergic properties and, at higher concentrations, exerts a direct spasmolytic activity possibly mediated by blockade of the transmembrane Ca2+ fluxes responsible for smooth muscle contraction.
 ...
PMID:Depressant action of oxybutynin on the contractility of intestinal and urinary tract smooth muscle. 288 93

In 10 pigs with reno-scintigraphically proven normal upper urinary tracts, a standardized partial obstruction of the left ureter was created at the lower kidney pole level. Three weeks later kidney function was scintigraphically reassessed and the pressure flow relationship in the flow range 0-20 ml/min outlined. The partially obstructed pelvic baseline pressure varied from 9.0 to 32.0 cmH2O. During perfusion small increases in pelvic pressure were seen at all flow rates in the individual cases and there was a linear relationship between pressure and flow. Compared to previous results of a similar but acute obstruction the results were identical in pressure ranges and pressure flow profile. This demonstrates, that a longitudinal stability in transport mechanism qualities is present also during the course of obstruction. The pelvic pressure at low flow rates was significantly correlated to kidney function depression, whereas perfusion pressures at high flow rates did not show any correlation, except at 20 ml/min. This clearly indicates, that the pelvic pressure at normal urine flow rate is an important factor in the pathogenesis of obstructive nephropathy.
 ...
PMID:Pyeloureteral dynamics. Pelvic pressure and kidney function in partial long-term ureteric obstruction. 292 77

New equipment to evaluate the urine transport function of the ureteropelvic system has been developed. Simultaneous measurement of urine bolus volume and electrical activity in the ureter is possible by means of this equipment. A urine bolus volume measuring system, which is based on the heat electrical method, is located in the probe tip, and bipolar electrodes for EMG are located in the stem of the Fr. 4 ureteral catheter. Two kinds of experiments were performed. One was an examination of the new probe through a pervioureteric model using an infusion pump and Nelatons' catheters of various diameters. The other was an animal experiment. The changes in ureteral peristalsis and urine bolus volume in response to diuretics were examined in mongrel dogs through application of this equipment. The following results were obtained: There was a logarithmic relation between perfusion flow rate in catheters used as ureteral models and the values of voltage depression measured by the heat electrical method. The urine bolus volume was calculated closely through a formula which had been developed from the model experiments. In animal experiments, the bolus volume increased significantly and a transient increase in peristalsis was noted after the administration of diuretics although there was no significant change in peristaltic velocity. Some pelvioureteric function parameters, i.e. peristaltic frequency, peristaltic velocity, urine bolus volume, volume, bolus length and ureteral width, are feasible calculations. These results indicate that bolusmetry by using this new probe is a valuable method for evaluation of urine transport function in the pelvioureteric system, and suitable for clinical use as well as animal experiments.
 ...
PMID:Evaluation of the pelvioureteral function through a new urine bolusmetry: simultaneous measurement of urine bolus volume and electroureterogram. 294 25

Bilateral ureteral defects were diagnosed as the cause of depression and azotemia in an 8-day-old Thoroughbred filly. The azotemia resulted from accumulation of urine in the retroperitoneal area. A ventral midline laparotomy was performed, and defects found in both the left and right ureter were repaired. Uroperitoneum and abdominal distention, presumably from urine leakage at the left ureteral surgery site, were detected on the fourth postoperative day and necessitated abdominal drainage. Thirty-six hours later, the leakage stopped spontaneously, and the foal recovered normally. This report should help to differentiate ureteral defects in foals from the more common syndrome of ruptured bladder.
 ...
PMID:Correction of bilateral ureteral defects in a foal. 335 81

The case is described of a 43 year old woman with spasmophilic syndrome. For 12 years she had suffered from fainting fits, marked morning asthenia, anxiety, depression, widespread arthromyalgia, blood pressure fluctuations, precordial pains, paresthesia and painful nocturnal cramp. This clinical picture appeared in a subject with a double left kidney and stones in the supernumerary ureter, enlargement of the pancreatic head and tail revealed by a CAT scan and an earlier cholecystectomy. Given the multiplicity of symptoms diagnosis was necessarily by a process of elimination. The data providing grounds for optimism were a positive Chvostek's sign, stable calcium phosphorus profiles, a reduction in ionised calcium and favourable eletromyographic readings.
 ...
PMID:[A case of spasmophilic syndrome]. 360 Nov 38

A 4.5-month-old Standard-bred filly was referred for evaluation of pigmenturia. Initially, the pigmenturia had resolved with the administration of antibiotics, only to recur after their withdrawal. A dark red urine sample contained numerous RBC, WBC, and gram-negative rods (Escherichia coli). Ultrasonography revealed the right kidney to be large, with multiple cystic structures and a dilated renal pelvis and calices. Cystoscopy revealed a large blood clot within the bladder and urine coming from the left ureteral opening. Urine was not observed coming from the right ureter. It was suspected that the primary infection within the urinary tract was coming from the right kidney, with secondary ureteral obstruction and cystitis. Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole treatment was initiated. However, acute depression and abdominal pain developed several days later, and the foal died before assistance could be provided. Necropsy revealed a large abscess that had eroded into the right ureter and aorta and had ruptured, resulting in acute blood loss and death. The location and extensive nature of the lesion would have precluded surgical intervention.
 ...
PMID:Hematuria caused by abdominal abscessation in a foal. 367 91

Partial obstruction of one ureter was created in newborn rats and its effects were studied after the rats matured. The obstructed pelvis was found to be considerably enlarged. The parenchymal weight was 19 per cent lower and the whole kidney glomerular filtration rate was 43 per cent lower than on the contralateral intact side (p less than 0.001); however, these figures probably include a compensatory increase on the intact side. In the central part of the cortex, the glomerular filtration rate/mg. cortex was 21 per cent lower in the hydronephrotic kidney (p less than 0.02), but there was no intracortical redistribution. The glomerular density in this region was 24 per cent higher on the hydronephrotic side (p less than 0.001), because the glomeruli were crammed together in the distended cortex. No redistribution of glomeruli was found. The results are discussed and compared with previous findings from our laboratory. In this model, partially obstructive uropathy was found to cause only a moderate depression, but no redistribution, of the filtration.
 ...
PMID:Experimental obstructive hydronephrosis in newborn rats. VI. Long-term effects on glomerular filtration and distribution. 402 Sep 97


1 2 3 Next >>