Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0011570 (depression)
 172,036 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

To define changes in sleep and subjective fatigue associated with localized radiation treatment, and to determine their relationship to interleukin-1B (IL-1), we prospectively followed 15 men, none of whom were depressed during 8 wk of radiation treatment for localized prostate cancer. Each patient rated fatigue daily on a visual analogue scale, recorded hours slept, and completed the Beck Depression Inventory weekly. Serum IL-1, taken at baseline and Fridays, was measured by quantitative enzyme immunoassay. Ranked weekly mean fatigue scores for each subject increased at week 4 (mean, 17 fractions, 1.8 Gy) then plateaued and rose in weeks 6 and 7. In week 6, the last week of full volume radiation, subjects slept most compared to all other weeks including week 7 when treatment was coned down. Ranked serum IL-1 tended to rise between weeks 1 and 4, as fatigue scores rose. These data suggest that localized radiation treatment is associated with increased fatigue and sleep requirement independent of depressive symptoms. Relative serum IL-1 changes may be one signal for the systemic reaction and subjective fatigue associated with the acute effects of radiation.
 ...
PMID:Treatment-related fatigue and serum interleukin-1 levels in patients during external beam irradiation for prostate cancer. 796 60

Intracellular action of androgens is mediated by the androgen receptor (AR), which is a key element of the androgen signal transduction cascade and a target of endocrine therapy for prostatic carcinoma. Therefore, the qualitative and quantitative alterations of AR expression in prostatic carcinomas and their possible implications for tumor progression and treatment are of great interest. Findings in prostatic tumor cell lines of rat and human origin suggest a reduction of AR protein expression accompanied by an increase in tumor malignancy. However, immunohistochemical studies and binding assays demonstrated presence of ARs in all histological types of prostatic tumors, in therapy-responsive as well as in therapy-unresponsive ones. AR content of prostatic tumor specimens did not correlate with outcome of endocrine therapy of advanced prostatic carcinoma in these studies. Solely the degree of heterogeneity of AR expression may be useful as an indicator of responsiveness to therapy. AR mutations have been detected in the LNCaP cell line and in three primary prostatic tumor specimens. Three of them are point mutations in the hormone-binding domain of the AR, the fourth mutation is a CAG-microsatellite depression in the N-terminus. Evidence coming from studies on AR in prostatic cancer highlights the possibility that AR structural alterations may have significance in tumor progression.
 ...
PMID:Androgen receptor alterations in prostatic carcinoma. 797 17

Today's older generation of men were raised to believe that men and boys do not cry or talk about their feelings. Fear, anger, confusion and depression are common reactions to all cancers. Prostate cancer carries the additional concerns of impotence, incontinence, and loss of self-esteem. Through support and self-help groups such as Us Too, survivors of prostate cancer, their families, and the medical community are coming together to share their feelings and concerns and learn from each other. By keeping up-to-date with accurate information relative to the disease, survivors of prostate cancer are better able to work through the dilemmas of their disease and move forward with their lives. An informed survivor is an informed patient. Working with the American Foundation for Urologic Disease, Us Too has grown into a nationwide network of family-centered prostate support groups. The motto "learning to cope though knowledge and hope" succinctly describes how these support groups have transformed the lives of survivors of prostate cancer and their families from coast to coast.
 ...
PMID:The role of the support group, "Us Too". 808 89

Phenylacetate has recently been shown to suppress tumor growth and promote differentiation in experimental models. A phase I trial of phenylacetate was conducted in 17 patients with advanced solid tumors. Each patient received a single i.v. bolus dose followed by a 14-day continuous i.v. infusion of the drug. Twenty-one cycles of therapy were administered at four dose levels, achieved by increasing the rate of the continuous i.v. infusion. Phenylacetate displayed nonlinear pharmacokinetics [Km = 105.1 +/- 44.5 (SD) microgram/ml, Vmax = 24.1 +/- 5.2 mg/kg/h and Vd = 19.2 +/- 3.3 L]. There was also evidence for induction of drug clearance. Ninety-nine % of phenylacetate elimination was accounted for by conversion to phenylacetylglutamine, which was excreted in the urine. Continuous i.v. infusion rates resulting in serum phenylacetate concentrations exceeding Km often resulted in rapid drug accumulation and dose-limiting toxicity, which consisted of reversible central nervous system depression, preceded by emesis. Three of nine patients with metastatic, hormone-refractory prostate cancer maintained stable prostatic specific antigen levels for more than 2 months; another had less bone pain. One of six patients with glioblastoma multiforme, whose steroid dosage has remained unchanged for the duration of therapy, has sustained functional improvement for more than 9 months. The use of adaptive control with feedback for the dosing of each patient enabled us to safely maintain stable phenylacetate concentrations up to the range of 200-300 micrograms/ml, which resulted in clinical improvement in some patients with advanced disease.
 ...
PMID:A phase I and pharmacokinetic study of intravenous phenylacetate in patients with cancer. 813 83

This study investigated the reported pain experience and its relationship with depression and anxiety in men with prostate cancer. Forty-seven ambulatory outpatients with prostate cancer completed the self-report measures of the McGill Pain Questionnaire (MPQ), the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) and the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI). Results showed that 80% of the sample were in the non-metastatic stage of the prostate cancer and 43% reported experiencing pain. Only one-fifth reported any depressive symptomatology. Patients with pain were significantly more depressed or anxious when compared with patients without pain. Patients with pain also took more prescribed analgesics and were at a later stage of disease. It is suggested that health workers treating prostate cancer patients with pain may have to take into account their psychological problems.
 ...
PMID:Comparison of prostate cancer patients with and without pain. 833 85

Hiccup is a forceful, involuntary inspiration commonly experienced by fetuses, children and adults. Its purpose is unknown and its pathophysiology still poorly understood. Short hiccup bouts are mostly associated with gastric distention or alcohol intake, resolve spontaneously or with simple folk remedies and do not require medical attention. In contrast, prolonged hiccup is a rare but disabling condition which can induce depression, weight loss and sleep deprivation. A wide variety of pathological conditions can cause chronic hiccup: myocardial infarction, brain tumour, renal failure, prostate cancer, abdominal surgery etc. Detailed medical history and physical examinations will often guide diagnostic investigations (abdominal ultrasound, chest or brain CT scan...). Gastric and duodenal ulcers, gastritis, oesophageal reflux and oesophagitis are commonly observed in chronic hiccup patients and upper gastrointestinal investigations (endoscopy, pH monitoring and manometry) should be included in the diagnostic evaluation systematically. Etiological treatment is not always available and chronic hiccup treatment has classically relied on metoclopramide and chlorpromazine. Recently, baclofen (LIORESAL) has emerged as a safe and often effective treatment.
 ...
PMID:Hiccup in adults: an overview. 849 9

Older African Americans constitute an expanding part of the elderly population in the United States. Although socioeconomic factors affect longevity and functional status more than race, African-American elders, as a whole, show poorer health status, as well as greater levels of financial strain and care-giver burden. Incidence rates of hypertension, heart disease, stroke, end-stage renal disease, dementia and prostate cancer are higher among African Americans than among the white population. The incidence of depression, however, is lower. Cancer survival rates are also lower, in part because of lower rates of cancer screening in this group. Physicians should carefully choose instruments to assess cognitive and physical status in African-American elders. The Activities of Daily Living scale and the Short Portable Mental Status Questionnaire are two tools that have been specially tested and shown to be reliable and valid in this population group. The Geriatric Depression Scale is a useful diagnostic tool that is quick to use in a busy office practice. Taking the time during an initial visit to understand the patient's values and perceptions of health and illness builds a sense of comfort and trust that will set a positive tone for the entire doctor-patient relationship and may empower the patient to take positive steps to improve health habits.
 ...
PMID:Special health considerations in African-American elders. 909 85

The purpose of this study was to explore the hypothesis that assisting men with prostate cancer to obtain information would enable them to assume a more active role in treatment decision making and decrease their levels of anxiety and depression. Respondents were recruited from one community urology clinic in Winnipeg, Manitoba. Sixty newly diagnosed men were randomly assigned to receive either a self-efficacy information intervention that consisted of a written information package with discussion, a list of questions they could ask their physician, and an audiotape of the medical consultation (n = 30), or a written information package alone (n = 30). Men completed measures of preferred decisional role as the pretest; anxiety and depression before the intervention, and at 6 weeks post-intervention; and assumed decisional role at 6 weeks post-intervention. Results demonstrated that men in the intervention group assumed a significantly more active role in treatment decision making, and had lower state anxiety levels at 6 weeks. Levels of depression were similar for both groups at 6 weeks. This group of older men do want to be informed and participate in medical decisions. Further efforts are required to evaluate the efficacy of such an intervention in other community urology clinics.
 ...
PMID:Empowerment of men newly diagnosed with prostate cancer. 919 93

The review summarizes experimental and preliminary clinical findings relating to the application of melatonin in malignancy to allow a differential discussion concerning its potential therapeutic use in cancer patients. In vivo experiments show that melatonin inhibits chemically induced, as well as spontaneous rodent tumors, but is mostly ineffective in controlling the growth of undifferentiated transplantable tumors. Some human and murine in vitro cancer cell lines are inhibited by physiological concentrations of melatonin, but the majority of the tested cell lines is resistant to melatonin or can be inhibited at pharmacological doses only. In individual cases melatonin was reported to stimulate cell growth. The molecular mechanisms of how melatonin affects the proliferation of cancer cells under in vivo and in vitro conditions are mostly unknown and their elucidation will require further basic research to determine the therapeutic potential of melatonin. From a theoretical point of view substitution therapy with melatonin might be worthwhile since a progressive decline of pineal melatonin secretion is observed parallel to the growth of the primary tumor in breast and prostate cancer. The mechanisms involved in this depression are at present poorly understood but do not appear to be identical among species so that similar results in animal experiments are of limited applicability to humans. First clinical experience with melatonin in the treatment of cancer patients has been confined to adjuvant therapies at advanced and terminal stages of malignancy and have yielded certain encouraging results. It is imperative to verify these preliminary data applying double-blind protocols and future therapeutic trials of melatonin in patients with early-stage malignant disease should be contemplated. Evidence exists that the role of the pineal gland in malignancy may not be confined to melatonin since potent antineoplastic fractions of yet unknown chemical structure have been detected which are capable of inhibiting in vitro cell lines resistant to melatonin.
 ...
PMID:[Significance of melatonin in malignant diseases]. 944 15

A 70-year-old woman who experienced a long period of depression after her first husband's death from prostate cancer at the age of 63 has become increasingly anxious about her own health and that of her close family. A few years ago she married a man her own age; he is in good physical condition. Last year the family spent much of the winter in Florida, where the woman noticed several studies in the media suggesting that an epidemic of prostate cancer is occurring in North America and that because early detection can save lives men of retirement age should be checked by their physicians as soon as possible. In addition, 2 close friends recently diagnosed with prostate cancer. On his latest fishing trip her husband learned from a friend that 1 in 8 men get prostate cancer. He has not seen his family physician for several years, but his wife has booked an appointment for them to discuss their concerns.
 ...
PMID:Prostate cancer: 1. The descriptive epidemiology in Canada. 975 74


<< Previous 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Next >>