Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0011570 (depression)
 172,036 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A total of 388 patients from 10 Belgian and French Centers were evaluated with the 1981 revision of the psychopathological and somatic scales of the AMDP System. Principal components factor analyses indicate that the somatic items contribute little to the structure. A 10-factors solution of the psychopathological items generate the following factors after orthogonal rotation: Obsessions-Phobias, Dramatization, Anxiety, Depression, Retardation, Organicity, Dissociation, Delusions, Mania, Dysphoria. This structure is similar to the analyses of the previous German edition except for Anxiety (due to additional French items) and Dramatization (which replaces the German factor on Hypochondriasis). The correlations between raw factor scores and item scores of the BPRS and of a similar AMDP-derived scale contribute to the validation of the AMDP factors and to the justification of a 13-item AMDP Syndromic Scale.
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PMID:[Factor analysis of the French revision of the AMDP rating scales. Results of an international study of 388 cases]. 716 60

Space phobia in 13 patients is described with features distinct from agoraphobia. Its hallmark is fear of absent visuospatial support (open spaces) and of falling, unlike the fear of public places found in agoraphobia. Other distinctions are the much later mean age of onset (55 years compared with 24 years), rarity of depression or free floating anxiety, limited response to treatment by exposure in vivo, and the frequent presence of diverse neurological and cardiovascular disorders which can progress until the patient is confined to a wheelchair. Space phobia may indicate disturbed integration of vestibulo-ocular reflexes due to diverse lesions in the neck or more centrally. Better understanding of the pathogenesis may illuminate how anxiety produces some physical symptoms.
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PMID:Space "phobia": a pseudo-agoraphobic syndrome. 726 85

The therapeutic efficacy, utility and safety of bifemelane hydrochloride were studied in 52 elderly depressive patients. The drug was administered as a tablet containing 50 mg orally three times daily for 8 consecutive weeks. The final global improvement rating and global utility rating were respectively 80.8 and 73.1 percent for all patients. The improvement rates on the Hamilton depression rating scale (HAM-D) were more than 60% for depressed mood, guilt, suicide, middle insomnia, delayed insomnia, psychotic anxiety, gastro-intestinal symptom, hypochondriasis, depersonalization and derealization. The rates regarding global symptoms evaluated by the Psychoneurotic rating scale for doctor's use were more than 60% for tension, agitation, irritability and excitement, phobia, depression, hypochondria and nocturnal delirium in psychotic symptoms, and insomnia in addition to palpitation in somatic symptoms. A significant decrease was also observed in the symptoms covered by the Self-rating depression scale of Zung after treatment with this drug. There were no instances of side-effects, nor any abnormalities in laboratory tests, encountered throughout the trial. Therefore, bifemelane hydrochloride is of value for the treatment of geriatric depression.
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PMID:The effects of bifemelane hydrochloride on depressive illness of the elderly. 749 Jan 69

The present study is a preliminary evaluation of the effectiveness of a new cognitive-behavioral group treatment protocol for social phobia in adolescents. Five adolescents with social phobia were treated in a 16-session group treatment program, with parental involvement in selected sessions. Treatment involved skills training (social skills, problem solving, assertiveness), cognitive restructuring, behavioral exposure, and homework. Self-report measures of anxiety and depression, taken throughout treatment, indicated significant improvements over a 1-year follow-up period. Behavior test measures also indicated a decrease in subjective anxiety ratings after treatment which was maintained at follow-up. Structured diagnostic interviews 1 year after treatment confirmed full remission of social phobia for four subjects, with one subject's phobia in partial remission. Overall, the present findings support the continued evaluation of this protocol for social phobic adolescents.
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PMID:Cognitive-behavioral group treatment for social phobia in adolescents. A preliminary study. 756 11

The Illness Attitudes Scales (IAS) and the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) were administered to 40 patients with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) and these were compared with 35 patients with organic gastrointestinal (GI) disease, 37 depressed patients, and 40 healthy volunteers. The BDI score was found to be greater in the IBS patients than in either the patients with organic disease or healthy subjects. All the patient groups had abnormal IAS scores compared with the healthy group, but these were most marked among the IBS patients with elevated scores on six out of the eight subscales. Three of these were specific to the IBS patients: bodily preoccupation, hypochondriacal beliefs and disease phobia. The results of this study indicate that clinical IBS is associated with abnormal illness attitudes which are not simply a reflection of either an associated depression or of experiencing physical symptoms.
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PMID:Abnormal illness attitudes in patients with irritable bowel syndrome. 759 81

This paper reviews evidence from clinical, epidemiologic, and family studies regarding the association between social phobia and other syndromes. Social phobia is strongly associated with other anxiety disorders, substance abuse, and affective disorders in both clinical and community samples. An average of 80% of social phobics identified in community samples meet diagnostic criteria for another lifetime condition. Social phobia is most strongly associated with other subtypes of anxiety disorders, with an average of 50% of social phobics in the community reporting a concomitant anxiety disorder including another phobic disorder, generalized anxiety, or panic disorder. Approximately 20% of subjects in the community meet lifetime criteria for a major depressive disorder. The onset of social phobia generally precedes that of all other disorders, with the exception of simple phobia. Both clinical severity and treated prevalence are consistently greater among social phobics with comorbid disorders. The results of family and twin studies reveal that shared etiologic factors explain a substantial proportion of the comorbidity between social phobia and depression, whereas the association between social phobia and alcoholism derives from a nonfamilial causal relationship between the two conditions. Clinical and phenomenologic implications of these findings are discussed.
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PMID:Comorbidity and social phobia: evidence from clinical, epidemiologic, and genetic studies. 777 12

Based on the observation of a child born by IAD, suffering of depression and presenting a school phobia, the author discusses the feeling of impotency experienced by the legal father. In another case, the grand-father-to-be is ready to donate his sperm so as to avoid issues on genetics: it is doubtful that such birth conditions would permit a healty organization of fatherhood. Included in the article are references on the literature concerning psychopathology of children born by IAD.
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PMID:[Some difficulties in the "paternalization" process in medically assisted reproduction]. 787 43

Pre-treatment predictors of treatment outcome were examined in a group of 144 patients with panic disorder and agoraphobia randomly allocated to alprazolam+exposure (AE), placebo+exposure (PE), alprazolam+relaxation (AR), and placebo+relaxation (PR). First-time psychotropic medication use, severity of agoraphobic disability, and longer duration of illness predicted less global improvement at post-treatment. Pre-treatment severity of agoraphobia predicted less improvement both in the short- and the long-term. Predictors of poorer outcome at 6-month follow-up were older age, past history of depression, severity of phobia targets, and longer duration of illness. Sex, source of referral, pre-treatment depression-anxiety-panic, and expectancy from treatment did not relate to outcome.
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PMID:Pre-treatment predictors of treatment outcome in panic disorder and agoraphobia treated with alprazolam and exposure. 791 Nov 32

This study compares rates of comorbidity of lifetime psychiatric disorder in a clinical sample of women with bulimia, with general population base rates, and with rates of comorbidity among bulimic women in the general population. Eighty-four per cent of the clinical sample of bulimic women had a lifetime affective disorder, and 44% a lifetime alcohol or drug disorder. These rates of disorder were significantly higher than the base rates in the general population. Bulimic women in the general population also had more affective and substance-use disorders than the general population base rates, but the rates of these disorders were lower than found in the clinical sample. In the general population, quite similar rates of other disorders including generalized anxiety, panic, phobia and obsessive-compulsive disorder, are found among those with bulimia, substance-use disorder and depression. Furthermore, among those with depression and substance-use disorder in the general population, rates of eating disorder are comparable. Rather than suggesting a specific relationship between bulimia and either depression or substance-use disorder, the data from this study suggest that the presence of any disorder is associated with a non-specific increase in the likelihood of other psychiatric disorder.
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PMID:Bulimia comorbidity in the general population and in the clinic. 799 42

3258 randomly selected adult household residents of the city of Edmonton were interviewed by trained lay interviewers using the Diagnostic Interview Schedule (DIS). Using DMS-III criteria, hierarchy-free, the lifetime prevalence for all phobias was 8.9%. Rates for women (11.7%) were almost twice those for men (6.1%). The age at which first phobic symptoms had been reported by 50% of subjects was 12 years for men and 6 years for women. High rates of comorbidity with depression, alcohol abuse/dependence, drug abuse/dependence and obsessive-compulsive disorder were found in all types of phobia, an important point in clinical management.
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PMID:Epidemiology of psychiatric disorders in Edmonton. Phobic disorders. 817 83


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