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Query: UMLS:C0011570 (depression)
 172,036 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The authors studied 401 patients with depressions secondary to psychiatric illnesses (substance abuse disorders or somatoform, anxiety, or personality disorders) or depressions secondary to medical illnesses. They found that the patients with depressions secondary to psychiatric illnesses had an earlier age at onset, were more likely to have suicidal thoughts or to have made suicide attempts, were less likely to have memory problems, were less improved with treatment and more likely to relapse on follow-up, and had more alcoholism in their families than patients with depressions secondary to medical illnesses. Depressions secondary to medical illnesses seem to fit the category of reactive depression, and depressions secondary to psychiatric illnesses fit the definition of neurotic depression.
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PMID:Depressions secondary to other psychiatric disorders and medical illnesses. 334 68

This paper reports studies of patients with the following disorders: peptic ulcer, hypertension, bronchial asthma, irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), ulcerative colitis (UC), urticaria, psoriasis and alopecia. The investigations focused on dysthymic states, measured by Foulds' Scale of Anxiety and Depression (SAD) and--except for the first three disorders--the Present State Examination (PSE). On the SAD, all the above groups scored significantly higher than somatically ill controls in anxiety, and all except ulcer patients scored significantly higher in depression. The PSE designated more than half of these patients as cases, except in the psoriasis group. Most patients were assigned to the PSE syndromes of anxiety states or neurotic depression, with the former being more common in UC and urticaria, and the latter more common in IBS, alopecia and rheumatoid arthritis. The variation within skin diseases and within gastrointestinal diseases suggests that neurotic symptoms are typical of each disease rather than of the system involved in the disturbance.
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PMID:Dysthymic states and depressive syndromes in physical conditions of presumably psychogenic origin. 343 24

Neurotic depression may be defined as a depression that occurs in the context of a long standing history of personality difficulties or neurotic symptoms. Two types of conditions fit this definition: (1) depressions secondary to personality disorder, neuroses or substance abuse; and (2) primary depressions with a family history of alcoholism. Depressions so defined show familial relationships with secondary depression, anxiety disorders, alcoholism, and depressions with personality disorders. The data suggest that these cluster in the same family and are related to the definition of neurotic depression given above. Whether these familial relationships are genetic awaits further research.
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PMID:Family (genetic) studies in neurotic depression. 344 Sep 52

The socio-demographic characteristics of 142 depressive patients seen for the first time at the Psychiatric Hospital, Enugu, were studied. Females (55%) outnumbered males (45%). While depressive neurosis occurred more commonly in those under 30 years of age, manic-depressive psychosis (MDP) depression was commoner among those over 30. Married status was commoner among female MDP depressives, but there was no significant difference regarding marital status among those with depressive neurosis. MDP depression occurred more often among rural dwellers while depressive neurosis was diagnosed more often among urban dwellers. Although the majority of patients had a low level of education, there were a significant number of students and housewives among those with depressive neurosis. The probable socio-cultural factors responsible for the observed differences are discussed. A suggestion is made for a central control and monitoring of all available alternative forms of treatment (orthodox, novel, traditional and spiritual) for a better mental health delivery.
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PMID:Socio-demographic factors of depressive illness among Nigerians. 348 48

A neurotic depression is a depression in an emotionally unstable person. Secondary depressions to major personality disorders, neuroses, and drug use disorders fit the above definition. Likewise, primary depressions with a family history of alcohol (depression spectrum disease) are characterized by a long history of stormy life problems and, therefore, would fit the definition. Using these two preexisting characteristics, we examined a group of 401 neurotic depressives and compared them to 536 nonneurotic (endogenous) depressives. The neurotic depressives were younger and the neurotic patients had made more previous suicide attempts. They were less likely to show memory deficits or delusions and less likely to show symptom criteria of melancholia. They were more likely to have suicide thoughts at index. Treatment was more effective in the nonneurotic patients and such patients made fewer suicide attempts in follow-up. These differences confirm the validity of the distinction between neurotic and nonneurotic depression.
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PMID:Neurotic depression: a diagnosis based on preexisting characteristics. 367 93

We examined the psychosocial, demographic, and clinical correlates of familial subtypes of primary unipolar depression. Our findings supported the hypothesis that depression spectrum disease is a variant of neurotic depression, whereas familial pure depressive disease overlaps with endogenous depression. Patients with depressive spectrum disease experienced more life events, had more marital separations and divorces, had poorer social support, more frequently made a nonserious suicide attempt, and had a less characteristic endogenous symptom profile than patients with familial pure depressive disease. Consistent with our previous report on the relationship between dexamethasone suppression test results and familial subtyping, the broadness of the criteria used to diagnose the patients' first-degree relatives affected the strength of the association between the familial subtypes and the dependent variables.
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PMID:Validity of familial subtypes of primary unipolar depression. Clinical, demographic, and psychosocial correlates. 376 99

In this complete survey of publications concerning therapeutic sleep deprivation (including reports of a conference held in 1985) first the practical management and especially the advantages of sleep deprivation of the second half of the night are explained. After discussing the psychological conditions and methods of therapeutic evaluation the treatment results in endogenous depression (melancholia), the effectiveness of repetition and of combination with antidepressive pharmacotherapy, the comparison with electroconvulsive therapy and the predictors are described. Sleep deprivation is indicated in nearly every therapeutic situation, including drug-resistant melancholia, furthermore in severe neurotic depression and in depressive states of schizophrenic patients. Side effects are unimportant, and complications are almost absent. In addition psychophysiological, neuroendocrinological and biochemical investigations are reported, as far as they concern either the mechanism of action of sleep deprivation or chronobiological hypotheses of depression.
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PMID:[Sleep deprivation (wakefulness therapy) as an antidepressant]. 380 62

Hitherto it has not been usual to talk in the German language about the therapy-oriented concept of two forms of the progress of atypical depression (Type A and Type V). The characteristic symptom of Type A is angst, together with phobias, physical complaints, etc. In Type V there are vegetative symptoms, often towards evening (Hypersomnia, difficulty in getting to sleep, increased appetite, increased weight, increased libido), accompanied by hysterical extrovert personality traits, and of intermittent occurrence. These clinical pictures are amenable to psychopharmalogical therapy. In conformity with the assumption of "somatic accommodation" treatment with antidepressives is recommended in the case neurotic depression, too, at least in the initial stages of treatment.
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PMID:[Treatment of atypical and neurotic depression]. 380

Three experimental groups of patients with urticaria, psoriasis and alopecia were compared for hostile personality characteristics, states of anxiety and depression, neurotic syndromes and stress with a control group of patients with other skin diseases. The patients from each experimental group were found to be less dominant, more intropunitive, more extrapunitive and more neurotic than the control group. The following neurotic syndromes differentiated the experimental groups: non-specific anxiety states in urticaria patients; neurotic depression in the patients with alopecia, and a variety of neurotic syndromes in the psoriasis patients. All experimental groups scored significantly higher than the controls in stress experienced during the year preceding the onset or the exacerbation of the illness.
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PMID:Hostile personality characteristics, dysthymic states and neurotic symptoms in urticaria, psoriasis and alopecia. 383 44

Patients suffering from depression (mostly depressive neurosis) were admitted to a double-blind study which compared the efficacy of a combination of nomifensine and clobazam with mianserin. Therapeutic efficacy was evaluated on the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale, Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale, Clinical Global Impression Scale, physician's assessments, Global Improvement and Treatment Emergent Symptom Scale for side-effects. Assessments were made before admission to the trial and on days 3, 7, 14 and 21. Forty patients were randomly allocated to two treatment groups. A case is made against polypharmacy and in particular against the use of benzodiazepine combinations in depression. Nineteen patients on nomifensine-clobazam and 14 on mianserin completed the three-week trial. At 7, 14 and 21 days, the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HDRS) total scores were significantly improved for mianserin when compared with nomifensine-clobazam. Similarly, at 7 and 14 days the Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale (HARS) total scores were significantly better for mianserin than for the nomifensine-clobazam combination. There were also significant improvements for mianserin on the HDRS sub-scales of anxiety somatization, cognitive disturbance and sleep disturbance. There were no significant differences for HDRS somatic symptoms between treatment groups. Drowsiness was the most common side-effect in both groups. The incidence of total side-effects was 74% for nomifensine-clobazam and 71% for the mianserin group.
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PMID:Mianserin is better tolerated and more effective in depression than a nomifensine-clobazam combination: a double-blind study. 386 70


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