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Query: UMLS:C0011570 (depression)
 172,036 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Depressed patients and suicidal patients are common Emergency Department patrons with the potential for serious morbidity or death. Dysphoric mood, vegetative symptoms, and negative perceptions of oneself, the environment, and the future are characteristic of depression. Often, the patient is unaware of the depression and presents with a variety of somatic complaints, chronic fatigue, or pain syndromes. In these instances, the physician must consider the diagnosis of depression and ask the patient about any history of depressive symptoms. In all depressed patients, a careful history and physical examination are needed to identify any drugs or concurrent medical illnesses which might cause or exacerbate the depression. If depression is suspected or if the patient presents after a suicide attempt, then a thorough evaluation of suicide potential is mandatory. Several risk factors for completed suicide exist. Male sex, age under 19 or over 45, few social supports, and a history of previous suicide attempts are all factors associated with increased suicide rates. Concurrent chronic or severe medical illnesses and certain psychiatric illnesses, notably depression, schizophrenia, and substance abuse, also increase an individual's risk for suicide. The method of suicide attempt and the chance for rescue must also be considered when determining risk as well as the presence of an organized plan. Acute psychosis in the suicidal patient is an ominous finding and these patients should be admitted to the hospital. The physician must adopt an empathetic and nonjudgmental attitude when caring for potentially suicidal patients. Disposition can be determined after careful evaluation of risk factors, circumstances surrounding the attempt, and the patient's current feelings. Consultation with a psychiatrist or another mental health professional is desirable for any potentially suicidal patient. Many such patients can be safely treated as outpatients with proper referral; certain high-risk individuals will need to be admitted to the hospital. The decision to either hospitalize or discharge can be difficult and the emergency physician should admit the patient if doubt exists.
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PMID:Depression and suicide assessment. 200 61

This report on the Chandigarh Acute Psychosis Study examines the early course of affective disorders of acute onset in a developing country setting. Forty-one cases of acute onset affective disorder (17 depressive and 24 manic subjects) were assessed at intake and evaluated at selected intervals up to 1 year. The rates of recovery and relapse and episode duration were determined for both the depressive and manic groups, and the relationship between possible predictors of outcome and the duration of the index episode was examined. All subjects experienced full recovery within the 1-year period. At 1-year follow-up, 71% of depressive patients and 75% of manic patients demonstrated no symptoms or social impairment. For depression and mania, respectively, the mean episode duration was 14.2 and 10.2 weeks, and the rate of relapse was 18% and 21%. Overall, these outcomes are considerably more favorable than in comparable studies of affective disorders in developed settings. Our findings suggest that acuteness of onset may be a major prognostic factor in predicting the course of affective disorders.
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PMID:Course of acute affective disorders in a developing country setting. 956 88

This retrospective study was conducted from Januaty 1, 2002 to May 31, 2004 to ascertain the sociodejnographlc profile of women phychiatric disorders and psychopathologic manifestations during puerperiuni and determine the most common clinical entities at the Jamot Hospital in Yaounde, Cameroon. Study included 40 paturient women who presented psychiatric disorders related to pregnancy, postpartum, abortion, or breastfeeding. Most patients (80%) were less than 34 years of age including 50% under 20 years. Psychiatric disorders were often observed in married women (62.5%) but one of three women (30%) in this study was single. Most of these women (85%) had no income. Primagravid women accounted for 35% of the cohort. Manifestations generally began after delivery (80%) but sometimes appeared during pregnancy (12.5%). A particularly noteworthy finding of this study is the high rate of late postpartum or breastfeeding psychosis. In 40% of cases symptoms appeared between 1 and 6 months after delivery. Acute psychosis was by far the most frequent disorder (77.5%) followed by depression (15%) and manic fits (7.5%). With regard to symbolic representations and social implications, we concur with the Bell people in considering that these manifestations are related to anemia resulting from massive blood loss after delivery. This occurs during the traditional hot water massages performed to eliminate lochia (blood and debris). This sudden blood loss is called "esere meld" in the Ewondo language. In contrast it is considered as lochia retention due to the lack of massage by the Bassa people who use the term "ndjeg gwal" or delivery madness.
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PMID:[Psychiatric disorders and psychopathologic manifestations associated with pregnancy and postpartum in Cameroon]. 1655 17

Psychiatric symptoms may be related to a silent cerebral infarct, a phenomenon that has been described previously in literature. Acute psychosis or other neuropsychiatric symptoms including depression may present in stroke patients and patients with lesions either within the prefrontal or occipital cortices, or in subcortical areas such as the basal ganglia, thalamus, mid-brain, and brainstem. Psychosis in clinical stroke or in silent cerebral infarction is uncommon and not well documented in the literature. Neurological deficits are the most common presentation in stroke, and nearly a third of patients that suffer a stroke may experience psychological disorders such as depression and anxiety, related to physical disability. The present case report describes an elderly female patient who presented with hallucinations and depressive symptoms, and was discovered to have a recent right frontal brain infarction, without other significant neurological deficits.
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PMID:A Brief Psychotic Episode with Depressive Symptoms in Silent Right Frontal Lobe Infarct. 2920 79