Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0011570 (depression)
 172,036 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

This report demonstrates the first trial for the clinical application of human urinary colony stimulating factor (CSFHU) which was highly purified and well characterized in our laboratory. In the Phase I study, 6 healthy volunteers were administered with 2.5 x 10(5) to 10(6) units of CSFHU intravenously. CSFHU did not show any severe side effects, although slight depression of maximum blood pressure was observed in the group injected with 10(6) units CSFHU and one volunteer who received 5 x 10(5) units CSFHU complained sweating and itching during the infusion. In the Phase II study, six cases suffering from leukocytopenia induced by anticancer drugs or irradiation were treated with 7 day intravenous CSFHU injections. Although recovery of leukocyte number was not observed in the group injected with 7 x 10(6) units CSFHU, complete or partial recovery of leukocyte and granulocyte number was observed in the group injected with 1.3 to 1.4 x 10(7) units CSFHU. Phase II study in a large scale is under way to evaluate further the effectiveness of CSFHU on leukocytopenic patients.
 ...
PMID:Phase I and early phase II studies on human urinary colony stimulating factor. 698 89

The effect of serum of patients with solid tumors on the phagocytic activity of normal neutrophilic granulocytes was investigated. The largest groups of tumors studied were carcinoma of colon/rectum, sarcomas and melanomas. Sera from all three groups of patients were found to have highly significant (p < 0.001) stimulatory effects on granulocyte phagocytic activity. These findings contrast with previously reported depression of granulocyte phagocytic activity associated with various forms of leukemia and lymphomas.
 ...
PMID:Stimulation of phagocytic activity of neutrophilic granulocytes by sera of patients with solid tumors. 699 48

Intensive cytostatic treatment is associated with severe depression of bone-marrow function, which requires treatment with specific replacement of blood components. Erythrocyte concentrates should be given "pure", without leucocytes and platelets, to prevent rapid alloimmunisation. Different separation techniques (intermittent flow and continuous flow centrifugation, double-bag platelet pheresis) provide platelet concentrates containing 2.0 to 10.0 X 10(11) platelets from a single donor. Immunization against HLA and specific antigens can be minimised by careful donor selection. Effective granulocyte support in granulocytic patients requires large doses of granulocytes given daily to compensate the deficit.
 ...
PMID:[Replacement therapy with blood components in bone-marrow depression due to cytostatic drugs (author's transl)]. 700 66

Both serum opsonic capacity and granulocyte oxygenation activity were measured in 35 burn patients during their course of therapy. The microbicidal action of granulocytes is effected via the metabolic generation of oxygenating agents; introduction of chemoluminigenic substrates, such as luminol or dimethyl biacridinium dinitrate, allows ultrasensitive measurement of phagocyte oxygenation activity. Serum opsonic capacity can also be assayed by measuring the rate of activation of phagocyte oxygenation activity. Alterations in granulocyte oxygenation activity were observed in individuals patients in temporal association with changes in clinical condition, and sepsis was associated with a marked decrease in activity. An initial depression in opsonic capacity was noted at the time of admission of patients with major burns, more than 40% total body surface. Thereafter, depression of opsonic capacity was temporally associated with sepsis in individual patients. Chemoluminigenic probing provides a rapid, sensitive, and objective method for assessing the status of the humoral-phagocyte axis, and as a clinical laboratory technique is particularly applicable for monitoring patient populations in which sepsis is prevalent.
 ...
PMID:Humoral-phagocyte axis of immune defense in burn patients. Chemoluminigenic probing. 705 31

The abscopal effects of high doses of X-irradiation, 6000 R given in 12 fractions locally on rat face and jaw region, upon the haematopoietic and lymphatic tissues, were studied. Haematological and pathophysiological studies were performed. Peripheral blood samples were taken after the 7th, 17th and 27th day during the course of the irradiation. 24 hours after the last irradiation the smears of femur bone-marrow were done. In the smears, the cells of erythrocyte and leukocyte series, as well as their mitotic index were determined. 24 hours after the irradiation the pieces of lymph nodes and salivary glands were taken for histological analysis. A significant depression of peripheral leukocyte counts was found in all observation intervals as well as the change in mitotic index of granulocyte series in bone marrow. No significant histological changes on the lymph nodes and salivary gland section were found 24 hours after the last irradiation.
 ...
PMID:Abscopal effects of local fractionated X-irradiation of face and jaw region. 705 43

The effects of pre/postnatal exposure to 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) on various immunological, bone marrow and host susceptibility assays were examined in B6C3F1 hybrid mice. Exposure was accomplished by maternal dosing on Day 14 of gestation and again on Days 1, 7, and 14 following birth, employing dosages of 0, 1.0, 5.0 or 15.0 micrograms/kg body weight. The 15.0 micrograms/kg dosage was lethal to 70% of the offspring with the remainder of that dosage group revealing overt toxicity. Bone marrow toxicity occurred in both the 15.0 and 5.0 micrograms/kg dosage groups as evidenced by bone marrow hypocellularity and depressed colony formation of macrophage-granulocyte progenitor cells and pleuripotent stem cells. Evidence was presented that depression of lymphoproliferative responses following mitogen stimulation in TCDD-immunosuppressed mice was due to a functional defect of lymphocyte activation rather than suppressor cell activity. Administration of either Listeria monocytogenes or syngeneic PYB6 tumor cells in mice exposed to relatively low levels of TCDD during pre- and postnatal development increased their susceptibility to either bacterial or tumor challenge.
 ...
PMID:Examination of bone marrow, immunologic parameters and host susceptibility following pre- and postnatal exposure to 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD). 720 48

Polymorphonuclear granulocytes play an important role in the immediate unspecific host response, and a depression of their functions can be found in many patients with severe or recurrent infections. Therefore administration of drugs causing such impairment in PMN function may be regarded as an additional risk for negative side effects to the patient. In our report the influence of 13 antibiotics--amphotericin B, ampicillin, tauglicolcillin, amoxicillin, cloxacillin, dicloxacillin, cephaloridine, cefalexin, cefuroxime, chloramphenicol, gentamicin, rifamycin, fosfomycin--on the granulocyte spontaneous and induced migration is investigated under in vitro experimental conditions. Human PMN preincubated with the antibiotics appropriately brought to the desired concentrations (therapeutic dose, 1/10 and 10X) in Hepes-Medium 199-water solution pH 7.2, were washed three times and tested for spontaneous and induced migration under agarose. Our experiments demonstrate that amphotericin B, cefalexin, cephaloridine, cefuroxime, chloramphenicol, dicloxacillin, gentamicin and rifamycin can inhibit in vitro human PMN chemotaxis and/or random migration. Inhibition of intracellular respiratory enzyme synthesis, presence of inactive metabolites of the drug, alterations of cyclic AMP and GMP or of the membrane bound divalent cations can be responsible of the phenomenon.
 ...
PMID:[Influence of antibiotics on leukocyte migration]. 723 61

Anesthetics depress not only compact organs such as the brain and heart but also the diffuse array of single cells that comprise the formed elements of the blood and macrophages of the reticuloendothelial system (RES). The principal anesthetic effect is depression of contractile elements of these cells subserving the functions of phagocytosis, cell locomotion, and transvascular diapedesis. Marrow granulocyte production and in vitro lymphocyte transformation are also depressed. Effects on erythrocytes are limited to the membrane, which anesthetics render somewhat resistant to rupture. These anesthetic actions are of interest both to basic scientists concerned with structure and function of single cells and to clinicians caring for patients whose circulating and fixed formed elements are dysfunctional.
 ...
PMID:Anesthesia, formed elements of the blood, and macrophages. 736 56

The cellular and humoral immunological parameters (leucocyte, granulocyte, lymphocyte, total T, T4, T8 lymphocyte counts, lymphoproliferative response to PHA [LP-PHA], natural killer cell activity [NKCA], IgG, IgM and IgA levels) of 20 pediatric brain tumor patients were investigated before and after chemo-(CT) and radiotherapy (RT) administered according to the UIOI-PBT-91 protocol. The T4 and T8 cell percentages and the LP-PHA values before therapy were found to be significantly diminished in comparison to values obtained from 12 healthy children (p < 0.05). In patients receiving postoperative CT, all cellular immunity parameters except T8 cell number and NKCA; IgG and IgA levels were significantly decreased after two courses of CT (p < 0.05). In 7 patients given postoperative RT, a depression in all cellular immunity parameters was observed (p < 0.05). In 6 patients treated with 2 courses of postoperative CT followed by RT administered concomitantly with low dose CDDP, there was a decrease in all cellular and humoral immunity parameters, which was not found to be significant. In 5/18 patients infectious episodes in mild to moderate severity were observed, none causing mortality. It was concluded that the UIOI-PBT-91 protocol caused cellular immunosuppression both after CT and after RT and some humoral immunosuppression after CT, but was found to be tolerable in regard to acute immunological side effects.
 ...
PMID:Immunologic status in children with brain tumors and the effect of therapy. 759 52

It is generally recognized that the uremic syndrome results in a depression of immune function, but the uremic solutes responsible remain largely unidentified. In this study, the effect of 18 known uremic retention solutes, including urea and creatinine, on hexose monophosphate shunt (HMS)-dependent glucose-1-C14 utilization (G1C-U), chemiluminescence production (CL-P) and flow cytometric parameters (FCP) of respiratory burst and phagocytosis were evaluated in granulocytes and/or monocytes. Among the compounds studied, only p-cresol depressed whole blood respiratory burst reactivity (G1C-U, CL-P) dose dependently at concentrations currently encountered in end-stage renal disease (ESRD) (P < 0.05 from 5 micrograms/ml on). The effect of p-cresol was enhanced by increasing incubation times from 10 to 120 minutes. HMS activity of isolated packed erythrocytes remained unaffected. FCP of respiratory burst activity (Bursttest, expressed as log fluorescence units, LFU) revealed a marked depression in the presence of p-cresol (from 700 +/- 167 to 291 +/- 128 LFU for granulocytes, from 278 +/- 102 to 146 +/- 52 LFU for monocytes, P < 0.01), whereas particle ingestion (Phagotest) remained unaffected. Cell-free myeloperoxidase activity was also markedly depressed in the presence of p-cresol. Polarity based HPLC-elution of a standard solution containing all the solutes studied, using a gradient from 100% formic acid to 100% methanol during 60 minutes, revealed elution of p-cresol after 46.6 minutes, pointing to its relative hydrophobicity. Conjugation of p-cresol to p-cresylsulfate anihilated the depressive effect of p-cresol on granulocyte function, and at the same time caused a shift in HPLC-elution pattern to a less lipophilic range.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
 ...
PMID:Mechanisms of uremic inhibition of phagocyte reactive species production: characterization of the role of p-cresol. 772 36


<< Previous 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Next >>