Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0011570 (depression)
 172,036 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A 42-year-old woman with extensive pemphigus vulgaris failed to respond to high-dosage systemic steroids, immunosuppressive drugs and plasmapheresis. The treatment resulted in severe depression of the immune system, without marked effect on the disease activity. Eleven weeks after onset of disease she died of pneumonia and sepsis.
 ...
PMID:[Pemphigus vulgaris--malignant course]. 353 47

Rats were treated with Escherichia coli endotoxin (ET) either acutely or chronically or rendered septic by cecal ligation and puncture. At 6 h after ET injection, at various intervals of continuous ET infusion, and at 17-18 h after the onset of peritonitis, animals were killed and hepatocytes were isolated. Cytosolic [Ca2+] ([Ca2+]c) was measured by quin 2 during the resting state and after stimulation with epinephrine and vasopressin. Basal and epinephrine-, vasopressin- and glucagon-stimulated glycogen phosphorylase activity were also determined. In hepatocytes from acutely ET-treated rats, resting levels of [Ca2+]c were decreased 46% from 245.8 +/- 11.0 to 131.0 +/- 8.5 nM (n = 4-6, P less than 0.05). In septic rats a 39.5% decrease was noted [i.e., from 154.0 +/- 17.7 (n = 4, sham) to 93.3 +/- 91 nM (n = 5, septic, P less than 0.05)]. These decreased [Ca2+]c levels were associated with changes of glycogen phosphorylase activity in a manner suggesting a cause and effect relationship; e.g., acute ET treatment resulted in greater than 80% depression of phosphorylase a activity, whereas sepsis induced a 58% decrease in the activity of this enzyme. In ET-infused rats the resting level of [Ca2+]c and its response to hormonal stimulation were not different from hepatocytes of saline-infused rats, although glycogen phosphorylase activity was less responsive to these hormones. The effect on the enzyme's response to Ca2+-mobilizing hormones was more marked than to glucagon. This is consistent with the concept that information flow in the Ca2+-messenger system is a site of metabolic lesions produced by endotoxicosis and sepsis.
 ...
PMID:Rat liver free cytosolic Ca2+ and glycogen phosphorylase in endotoxicosis and sepsis. 353 41

Prospective screening of an extremely high risk group of 137 infants cared for in the Newborn Intensive Care Unit of the James Whitcomb Riley Hospital for Children was undertaken during 1983. Auditory brain stem responses (ABR) were obtained utilizing a clinical evoked potential system (Madsen 2250). Patients were selected for screening prior to discharge or transfer to the referring hospital on the basis of one or more of the following criteria: birth weight less than 1250 grams; birth weight less than 1500 grams and ventilatory support; significant depression at birth (Apgars less than 3 and 6 at 1 and 5 minutes, respectively); seizures, meningitis, and/or sepsis. Of the original 137 infants tested, 82 passed the initial ABR, 22 conditionally passed, and 34 failed. Eighty-two infants had follow-up behavioral and audiometric testing while 20 infants died and 35 were lost to follow-up. Four infants had severe sensorineural hearing loss, each of whom had failed the initial ABR. None of the infants who initially passed or conditionally passed the ABR had sensorineural hearing loss on follow-up testing. High risk factors for sensorineural hearing loss in the neonatal period included: intraventricular/periventricular hemorrhage, apnea, family history, major malformations of the head and neck, and possibly hyperbilirubinemia and congenital infection. No relationship of sensorineural hearing loss with very low birth weight, hyponatremia, infection, seizures, or medications was found. On the basis of these data, it is suggested that electrophysiologic hearing screening of a high risk population may be delayed until 3 to 6 months of age to improve specificity of testing.
 ...
PMID:Hearing screening of high risk newborns. 355 7

A 15-year review of children's hospital patients with cystic fibrosis (CF) who underwent surgery yielded 578 cases in 210 patients (mean 2.7 per patient). The median age was 16 years (range newborn to 43 years). Four hundred procedures were done under general anesthesia and 176 under local. There was one anesthetic complication, respiratory depression in a patient whose MediPort (Cormed, Inc, Medina, NY) was inserted using local anesthesia and sedation. The most frequent procedure was nasal polypectomy, with 165 procedures in 50 patients. The second most common procedures were vascular access procedures: 75 central lines and 29 MediPorts were implanted in 57 patients, complicated by two pneumothoraces. Thoracic procedures included 32 bronchoscopies, 8 lobectomies, 2 pneumonectomies, and 30 pleural strippings. There were three reoperations for bleeding in the pulmonary resection patients. Thirteen newborns underwent a total of 26 procedures for meconium ileus and its complications, with two deaths secondary to respiratory failure and sepsis. These, and one death postlobectomy were the only operative deaths in the entire series of 578 cases (0.5% mortality rate). There were four slings for rectal prolapse; two required removal secondary to infection. Eight patients underwent central splenorenal shunts for portal hypertension, 15 underwent cholecystectomy, 5 underwent Nissen fundoplication, 16 underwent inguinal herniorrhaphy, 2 underwent umbilical herniorrhaphy, 3 underwent orchidopexies, and 4 underwent miscellaneous pediatric surgical procedures. Eleven patients underwent appendectomy for appendicitis; four were ruptured at the time of diagnosis.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
 ...
PMID:Surgery in patients with cystic fibrosis. 361 55

Experiments were conducted to test the hypothesis that the previously demonstrated depression in ventricular function of rats with hyperdynamic sepsis was a result of depressed high energy phosphate levels or altered myocardial substrate utilization. Rats were inoculated with a pooled fecal homogenate, and 48 hr later their hearts were removed and studied using the Langendorff preparation. The coronaries were perfused with a hydrostatic pressure of 90 mmHg, and hearts were paced at 310-320 beats/min. Substrate oxidation was determined by supplying 14C-labeled glucose, lactate, or palmitate in physiologic concentrations, ie, 5.5, 1, and 0.6 mM, respectively. Hearts were frozen either in situ or after 40-50 min of perfusion for the determination of tissue metabolite levels. Myocardial content of high energy phosphates, total adenine nucleotides, and creatine were similar in septic animals and time-matched controls both in situ and after perfusion. Oxidation of exogenous substrates accounted for the total myocardial O2 consumption in both groups of perfused hearts. Palmitate oxidation was responsible for approximately 50% of the total O2 consumption of the heart, with glucose accounting for approximately 20% and lactate for the remainder. The percentage contribution of the three substrates to oxidative metabolism was similar in hearts from septic and time-matched controls; therefore, myocardial substrate preference was not altered by sustained sepsis. These studies also indicate that ischemia and the concomitant fall in high energy phosphates do not contribute to the myocardial dysfunction of hyperdynamic sepsis.
 ...
PMID:Substrate utilization and high energy phosphate levels of hearts from hyperdynamic septic rats. 369 11

Studies of neutrophil migration in heterogeneous groups of septic patients have reported elevated, normal, and depressed neutrophil mobility. This experiment, conducted in a standardized murine population, measured neutrophil migration under agarose during the course of a chronic intra-abdominal abscess initiated by cecal ligation. Compared with both control (unoperated) and sham celiotomy mice, those mice with an abdominal abscess showed elevations of 22% and 14% of directed and random migration, respectively, at 48 hours. They had 30% to 40% decreases in these functions at days 4 through 10. Murine neutrophil migratory response during the course of an intra-abdominal abscess consisted therefore of an early elevation followed by a prolonged depression. Such a biphasic response could underlie the variable findings of neutrophil studies in septic patients. This model could be further applied to the study of the effects of chemotherapy and immunologic adjuvants on abscess course and neutrophil function, as well as to the study of the mechanisms of neutrophil response to sepsis.
 ...
PMID:Murine neutrophil migration during the course of an intra-abdominal abscess. 371 13

Reticuloendothelial (RE) phagocytic function and plasma fibronectin are altered early after trauma and during septic shock. Since fibronectin-coated particles will tend to aggregate if not efficiently phagocytized, we hypothesized that elevated fibronectin levels during hepatic and/or splenic RE depression could potentiate the lung deposition of blood-borne foreign microparticles. To evaluate this concept, we measured plasma fibronectin, hepatic RE function, and tissue deposition of blood-borne colloids in rats after they were injected with nonbacterial and bacterial particulates. Rats were injected intravenously with gelatin-coated colloids (50 mg/100 gm) to simulate blood-borne collagenous tissue debris after trauma, or with live Pseudomonas aeruginosa (1 X 10(9)/rat) to simulate bacterial entrance into the blood with sepsis, or with both to simulate sepsis after trauma. Phagocytic function was evaluated by liver and spleen uptake of gelatinized 125I RE test emulsion. Fibronectin was quantified by electroimmunoassay. There was an acute 60-80% decrease in plasma fibronectin 2 hr following either colloid or colloid coupled with bacterial infusion. Bacterial infusion alone elicited only a mild 20% decrease in fibronectin by 2 hr. By 24 hr, restoration of fibronectin levels was observed in all groups with hyperfibronectinemia observed in animals challenged with Pseudomonas. Following colloid alone, liver uptake of the RE test particle was acutely depressed at 2 hr in association with an acute depletion of fibronectin, but at 24 hr the RE depression persisted even with normalization of fibronectin. In contrast, with only bacteremia, the rebound elevation of fibronectin was associated with increased hepatic RE function. In rats given both colloid and Pseudomonas, the hyperfibronectinemia (60-100% above controls) at 24 hr coexisted with inadequate liver phagocytic uptake ability. This resulted in a significant 20-fold (P less than 0.05) increment in lung localization of the blood-borne test microparticles. Thus, hyperfibronectinemia without a parallel increase in liver phagocytic ingestive ability may actually enhance lung localization of blood-borne microparticles, which have a high affinity for fibronectin.
 ...
PMID:Comparative effect of circulating bacterial or nonbacterial particulates on plasma fibronectin: relationship to lung deposition of blood-borne foreign particles. 374 38

Clinical data from 12 cases of equine laminitis characterized by distal displacement of the distal phalanx (P3) were reviewed. Clinical features of horses that survived the syndrome were compared with the nonsurvivors to obtain prognostic indicators. Animals affected included 8 Quarter Horses, 2 Welsh ponies, 1 Thoroughbred, and 1 Arabian. Eight of the animals were females (67%), 2 were stallions, and 2 were geldings. The mean age of affected animals was 8.6 years (2 to 14 years), and the mean body weight was 442 kg. The survivors weighed less than the nonsurvivors (384 kg vs 473 kg, respectively), suggesting that body weight may be of prognostic value for horses affected with distal displacement of P3. Ten of the 12 animals (83%) were admitted because of a disorder other than laminitis, but subsequently developed laminitis during the treatment period. All affected animals had clinical evidence of endotoxemia and/or sepsis before the onset of laminitis. Cavitation or depression of the dorsal coronary band was detected in all animals and was the most reliable clinical indicator of distal displacement of P3. Five horses had fluid (blood or serum) ooze from their coronary bands and 2 of these sloughed one or more of their hooves. Necropsy findings of the 8 horses that were euthanatized included severe hemorrhagic, congested laminae and complete detachment of P3 from the hoof wall. Histologic examination of affected laminae revealed vascular thrombosis and multifocal areas of hemorrhage and necrosis. Radiography failed to reveal distal displacement of P3 in 8 animals, but the remaining 4 animals had an accentuation of the dorsal proximal hoof wall and cavitation of the coronary band visible on lateral radiographs.
 ...
PMID:Equine laminitis caused by distal displacement of the distal phalanx: 12 cases (1976-1985). 374 96

Trauma is known to result in depression of opsonic fibronectin levels as well as abnormalities in neutrophil function. Neutrophil oxidative metabolism, important for bactericidal activity, has not been investigated following injury. Since fibronectin has been reported to increase neutrophil chemiluminescence (CL), we examined the relationship between neutrophil oxidative metabolism (as measured by chemiluminescence) and opsonic fibronectin levels following blunt trauma. Sera from 11 nonseptic and 9 eventually septic-trauma patients were studied. Normal neutrophils incubated in septic-trauma serum had decreased CL responses compared to incubation in nonseptic serum (P less than 0.0001). This difference was apparent immediately after injury, prior to the onset of sepsis. This depression was due to the presence of a serum suppressor of neutrophil chemiluminescence and not to the absence of a serum factor. This suppressor has been partially characterized as a protein of greater than 30,000 Da. Opsonic fibronectin levels were also depressed in septic-trauma sera compared to nonseptic-trauma sera (P less than 0.0001). However, no correlation could be demonstrated between the CL response and opsonic fibronectin levels. Addition of fibronectin to buffer increased the CL response, while addition of fibronectin to nonseptic-trauma serum had no effect. In contrast, addition of fibronectin to septic-trauma sera actually decreased the CL response (P less than 0.05), perhaps by forming complexes with abnormal proteins and interfering with membrane-particle interaction.
 ...
PMID:Neutrophil chemiluminescence and opsonic fibronectin levels following blunt trauma. 376 32

This report analyses rate, predisposing factors, causes and outcome of 458 cardiac arrests occurring during anaesthesia and the following 24 hours and collected in France by a national prospective survey between 1978 and 1982. The overall rate of cardiac arrests was 1 per 433 anaesthetics, resulting in death before the 24th postoperative hour in 79% of cases, i.e. 1 per 547 anaesthetics. Cardiac arrests not related to anaesthesia were three times more frequent than those related to anaesthesia. Among these, one half is partially related to anaesthesia and the other totally. The prognosis of cardiac arrests totally related to anaesthesia is six times better than that of not related arrests (64% of recoveries without sequelae vs 10%). The cardiac arrests not related to anaesthesia occur mainly at the end of surgery and the following 24 hours. The main causes are hypovolaemia, sepsis and severity of surgical illness. Among cardiac arrests related to anaesthesia, a quarter occurred during induction, another during maintenance and a half during recovery from anaesthesia. The first were mainly related to histamine release and had the lowest mortality rate. The last were mainly related to unrecognized postoperative respiratory depression and resulted in the highest mortality. The authors underline the necessity of better preoperative detection of high risk patients, smooth induction of anaesthesia, continuous clinical monitoring of the patient during surgery and the recovery period.
 ...
PMID:[Cardiac arrest during anesthesia and the recovery period. Data from the INSERM survey 1978-1982]. 377 54


<< Previous 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10