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Query: UMLS:C0011570 (depression)
 172,036 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Sleep is a vital human physiologic process. Insomnia can be caused by obsession and depression states, pain, or worry over everyday problems. Because of their pharmacologic action, alcohol and high doses of soporifics used as remedies may produce REM-deficit sleep and actually prolong insomnia. If the true cause of sleeplessness is not recognized and properly treated, insomnia may develop into a severe sleep problem. Since benzodiazepines and chloral hydrate do not suppress REM sleep, they are the medications of choice in the therapy for insomnia.
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PMID:Insomnia and the physiology of sleep. 20 31

A group of 28 patients with anorexia nervosa, who had fallen ill at the age of 15 (14 to 18) and were examined for the first time at the age of 17 (14 to 23), were all examined again 10 (5 to 20) years later. In the vast majority (25 cases), the anorexia syndrome sensu stricto had completely, or very nearly, disappeared. While weight and menstruation had returned to normal, nutrition behavior was sometimes still disturbed, although to a lesser extent than before. The course of the disease in the long term generally leads to disappearance of the symptoms; fatal issues and psychotic manifestations are extremely rare. In half of these 28 cases, however, there are other neurotic symptoms (depression, anxiety, obsession), indicating the underlying neurotic disturbance. In the matter of social integration (separation from original family, successful education, professional activity), positive developments predominate. More than one-third of the patients have married. The results are compared with those of some other investigations in this field.
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PMID:[Prognosis of anorexia nervosa in adolescence]. 67 77

The relationships between obsessional personality, obsessions in depression, and symptoms of depression were investigated by means of a retrospective study of case notes and item sheets. One hundred and sixty-eight cases of depression, aged 20 to 29 years, were rated for obsessional personality as defined by Ingram (1961). The presence of previous obsessions, of obsessions in depression and of eight symptoms of depression was assessed from the item sheets. Obsessional personality was found to be significantly associated only with a decreased frequency of objective apathy, although it seemed to act to reduce the anxiety experienced by those with obsessions, in depression. Obsessions in depression were associated with rapid changes of mood, anxiety, agitation and overactivity and with a relative absence of retardation.
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PMID:The relationships between obsessional personality, obsessions in depression, and symptoms of depression. 93 2

Psychological correlates of peptic ulcer were assessed in a group of volunteer patients whose ulcers were identified by endoscopy. Logistic regression analysis and "t" test indicates that the peptic ulcer patients studied had higher "neuroticism" scores on EPQ, more life events experienced in the year previous to the investigation (on the revised Holmes' Social Readjustment Rating Scale), more severe symptoms on SCL-90, and lower social support scores on the Social Support Rating Scale than matched controls. The most frequently reported SCL-90 symptoms were anxiety, depression, somatization and obsession. The relationship between the occurrence of peptic ulcer and the characteristics of personality, life events, social support and psychological health level is discussed.
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PMID:[Psychologic correlates in peptic ulcer]. 175 80

This paper provides outcome data about the efficacy of a behavioral group therapy program for obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD). Thirty-six patients completed a 7-week outpatient treatment program which provides: (1) education about OCD and its treatment, (2) instruction in a cognitive and behavioral approach to the self-treatment of OCD and (3) guided behavioral treatment. Significant improvement in obsession, compulsion, and depression scores were observed at completion of the group and at 3 month follow-up. Significant improvement in obsessions and compulsions was observed for both patients taking anti-obsessional medications and those who did not.
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PMID:A standardized behavioral group treatment program for obsessive-compulsive disorder: preliminary outcomes. 175 61

There is considerable controversy over whether or not post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) should be considered as a separate diagnostic entity. The present study utilized the Symptom Checklist-90 (SCL-90) in order to examine the degree of overlap between PTSD and the related diagnoses of anxiety, depression and obsession-compulsion in a group of Israeli Lebanon War PTSD casualties. We found that the SCL-90 was able both to identify and discriminate between the clinical groups. Multiple discriminant analysis showed that although there is overlap between PTSD and obsessive-compulsive disorder, PTSD is, in fact, discriminated from all the other patient groups.
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PMID:Post-traumatic stress disorder: issues of co-morbidity. 194 12

A series of studies have focused on the problem of identifying and defining the specific characteristics of senile psychiatric pathology with greater precision. The aim of the present study was to examine symptomatological aspects of a group of psychiatric patients divided into different age ranges. The possible presence of psychopathologically defined (e.g. phobia, obsession, convulsive symptoms, hallucinations, deliria) and more aspecific symptoms (e.g. those which are generically involutive, confusion, anxiety, depression, insomnia, suicide attempts) was assessed in a group of 2018 psychiatric out-patients. It was found that senile psychiatric pathology presents a symptomatology which is generally aspecific and not clearly defined, and that there are peculiarities which differentiate it from that in the adult.
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PMID:[Psychopathological characteristics of psychiatric disturbances in the elderly]. 209 66

Our study was designed to test the hypothesis that psychoneurosis in irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) may be the secondary effects of the unsatisfactory nature of the medical transactions (diagnosis, explanation, prognosis, and therapy) in IBS rather than a primary cause of the syndrome. We carried out psychometric assessments on three groups of subjects: 10 healthy volunteers, 12 patients diagnosed as suffering from benign gastrointestinal disease, and 18 patients with IBS. We found a significantly raised incidence of psychoneurosis in IBS, but the components of this were predominantly anxiety and obsession; the incidence of depression in all 3 groups was similar. We argue that the data support our hypothesis that the psychoneurotic manifestations are secondary components of IBS; the data do not support the hypothesis that IBS is a manifestation of depression.
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PMID:Role of psychological factors in the irritable bowel syndrome. 235 Dec 41

The relationship between coping effectiveness and degree of postoperative disfigurement and dysfunction has been described. Current nationwide mandates for more cost-effective health care warrant continued efforts to describe this patient population in relation to coping patterns. Those patients who do not cope adequately should be considered for more intensive intervention while still in the therapeutic environment of the hospital. More creative and innovative solutions are needed to facilitate effectiveness of intervention and predictability of outcomes within an appropriate time frame and in a fiscally responsible manner. In the interim, inability to cope with disfigurement and dysfunction at discharge can predispose the patient to infection or noncompliance with follow-up care, pathological obsession with or denial of the defect, depression, and social isolation.
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PMID:Coping with disfigurement and dysfunction after head and neck cancer surgery: a conceptual framework. 266 79

Seven cases of nightmare were treated by simple rehearsal of the nightmare and/or rehearsal with an altered ending, followed by earlier introduction of the ending. One-year follow-up of five patients showed complete relief from nightmares in the four patients who achieved early introduction of a 'masterful' ending, and marked improvement in the patient who could only imagine a neutral ending. All but one of the patients also presented with neurotic symptoms (anxiety, phobias, depression and compulsion/obsession). These were treated by rational discussion and the formulation of positive 'threat-eliminating' statements to be repeated as homework and in times of stress.
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PMID:Therapeutic manipulation of nightmares and the management of neuroses. 286 8


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