Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0011570 (depression)
 172,036 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Isovolumic left ventricular (LV) preparations were used to assess myocardial failure associated with dietary taurine deficiency in cats. Adult female cats (n = 12) were fed a purified diet devoid of taurine for 6-8 mo. Six of the cats received 1,000 mg of crystalline taurine orally once daily. The remaining six cats were not provided taurine replacement. Compared with control preparations, hearts isolated from taurine-deficient cats generated significantly lower values for developed LV systolic pressure (107 +/- 6 vs. 66 +/- 15 mmHg; P less than 0.05), maximal rate of LV pressure rise (+dP/dtmax; 1,103 +/- 38 vs. 718 +/- 172 mmHg/s; P less than 0.05), and fall (-dP/dtmax; 930 +/- 46 vs. 587 +/- 129 mmHg/s; P less than 0.05). LV function curves generated by hearts from taurine-deficient cats were shifted downward and to the right of control curves, demonstrating inotropic depression. In addition, end-diastolic pressure-volume (compliance) relationships in hearts from taurine-deficient cats were shifted downward and to the right of controls in the direction of increased chamber compliance or distensibility. Ten millimolar taurine significantly improved inotropic indexes only in hearts from taurine-deficient cats but failed to affect diastolic compliance. Myocardial contractile dysfunction and LV chamber dilatation in hearts from taurine-deficient cats verify a causal association between dietary deficiency of this amino acid and dilated cardiomyopathy in this species.
 ...
PMID:Systolic and diastolic dysfunction of the left ventricle induced by dietary taurine deficiency in cats. 185 11

One of the nutritional problems in elderly people is undernutrition, which is multifactorial in origin: The causes cannot only be seen in poor nutrition. Physical handicaps such as problems with chewing and swallowing, difficulties to cut food, immobility and mental restrictions are responsible for reduced food intake and malnutrition. Psychic and socio-economic problems such as depression, life events and loneliness may reduce appetite; poverty also contributes to the risk of undernutrition. As a result of our investigations of 300 geriatric patients, physical handicaps with influence on nutrient intake such as immobility or chewing problems were found in nearly 50% of all cases; undernutrition was observed in 22% of the patient group. In a group of 50 apparently healthy women aged 75 or older, the frequency of risk factors as well as the frequency of malnutrition was remarkably lower. These results confirm the thesis that, in most of the cases, undernutrition is related to medical problems and to the simultaneous presence of several of the above-mentioned risk factors. As a conclusion, treatment and prevention of malnutrition have to consider individually the elderly person's complete life situation. Present risk factors have to be removed, if possible; even better would be to avoid them.
 ...
PMID:[Malnutrition in old age--results of the Bethany nutrition study]. 190 36

The growing rat brain acquires most of its weight, cells, and other material during the suckling period. Undernutrition at this stage can diminish brain growth. Nutritionally induced depressions of cerebellar growth may be smaller or larger than corresponding depressions in other brain regions, but when the resulting deficits are transformed to '% of age control values', the cerebellar deficits appear specially large. The ubiquitous '% transformation' and its misrepresentation of cerebellar deficits have nurtured the impression that cerebellum has a special sensitivity to insult. The sensitivities of cerebellum and forebrain growth in rats were compared empirically. Data came from a large set constructed, some years ago, from measurements made of regional DNA contents. The animals had been raised from birth to various ages in small (well-fed) or large (underfed) litters. Growth curves were fitted, from which rate curves were derived, and these showed the depression in rate of DNA accumulation to be the same for each region, throughout suckling. The widely held extra-sensitivity of cerebellum is explained as an artifact of the % transformation, the timing of cerebellar growth, and the timing of restriction which experimenters usually choose. Problems of inferring uniformity, or otherwise, of growth rate depressions from incomplete, noisy, and badly sampled growth data are discussed and illustrated with computer simulations.
 ...
PMID:Vulnerability of developing brain to undernutrition: claims of selective sensitivity of the cerebellum found to be misleading on theoretical and empirical grounds. 193 44

Psychogenic influences on the immune system become evident via the nervous system, particularly in its paraspecific part and the parameters there of. On the one hand the sifting and systematization of the investigations carried out so far forces criticism and evaluation of methods, shows on the other hand however a number of important findings and conclusions, which can be deduced from this knowledge. (1) Immunosuppressive effects have to a great extent their roots in psycho-social influences, leading to an overtaxing of the human capacity to adapt; occupational stress, depression, helplessness, loneliness, hopelessness, lack of social support, suppression of emotional disturbance and aggression, psychological vulnerability, etc. (2) A psychogenic stimulation of the immune system is founded in certain personality traits (self-confidence, openness, etc.) and a life-style, which is characterized by security and support in the social sphere, by the ability to handle one's illness positively, by recognizing effective forms of coping with stress, as well as trust and faith in realizing the unlikely and a will to survive based on self-discipline. (3) Forms of hyperalimentation, malnutrition and wrong eating habits result in immunosuppressive effects and, in highly developed industrial countries, have their roots in stress situations, which cannot be coped with (e.g. stress due to separation from partner, stress connected with divorce, occupational stress, loneliness, helplessness, lack of social support, suppression of emotional disturbance and aggression, sleep deprivation, immobilization, etc.) and are therefore founded in variables of life-style and biography.
 ...
PMID:[Psychogenic stimulation of the immune system by nutrition]. 205 87

Reticulocytes production index was determined in 63 pregnant women and in 96 patients. The results show that 86% of the pregnant women, who were registering their pregnancy for the first time, were anaemic. There was significant reticulocytopenia in all the anaemic pregnant women and in the patients. Erythropoiesis was found to be depressed in all subjects and patients by two to seven times those expected in normal responsive bone marrows. There was no correlation of the bone marrow impairment with parity of the pregnancy. The bone marrow impairment was more pronounced during the 16th week of gestation and less so in older pregnancies. Malnutrition and infection (especially malaria) are suggested as the aetiological factors of the bone marrow depression of erythropoiesis.
 ...
PMID:Depressed erythropoietic activity in Nigerian pregnant women. 206 Apr 77

Natural killer (NK) cell activity was measured in the peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) from malnourished (MN) and well-nourished (WN) cancer patients and in healthy controls. A marked depression of NK activity was observed in MN cancer patients with moderate protein-calorie malnutrition (PCM), but not in WN cancer patients nor in the healthy controls. The depression of NK activity did not correlate with the localisation of the tumour, patient's age or body weight reduction. The defective NK activity of PBMC from MN cancer patients was restored to normal by rIL-2, but not by alfa-rIFN. Parenteral nutrition of MN patients with the proper amount of proteins and calories quickly corrected the depressed NK activity, indicating a central role of malnutrition in the genesis of their immune disfunction. PBMC from MN cancer patients produced lower amounts of IL-2, as compared with healthy controls, when stimulated in vitro; the most frequently affected were the responses to recall antigens such as influenza virus vaccine (FLU), while those to allogeneic PBMC (ALLO) and phytohaemagglutinin (PHA) were less affected. However, for each patient the ability to produce IL-2 in vitro did not correlate with NK activity, thus showing how the impairment of NK activity is not subsequent to a decreased production of endogenous IL-2. In summary, it can be concluded that malnutrition, rather than malignancy, plays a major role in the immune dysfunction of cancer patients.
 ...
PMID:Reduced natural killer cell activity and IL-2 production in malnourished cancer patients. 206 35

Depression of the immune system frequently occurs in the neonatal period, in old age, during pregnancy, transiently after surgery, in viral infections, in malnutrition and during 'stress'. The observed changes in immunological indices and the evidence that these may lead to clinical infection on occasion are reviewed.
 ...
PMID:Transient immunodepression. 207 49

The enhanced propagation rate of cortical spreading depression, observed previously in rats rendered malnourished by the regional basic diet that is typical of the daily fare of many of the inhabitants of the northeastern region of Brazil, was not prevented by raising the quantity of dietary protein to the normal level without changing its quality. Dietary supplementation with casein, a protein of good quality, however, abolished the effect on spreading depression. These data indicate that the quality, and not the quantity, of the dietary protein is the critical factor in reversing the effects of regional basic diet malnutrition on spreading depression.
 ...
PMID:Enhanced rate of cortical spreading depression due to malnutrition: prevention by dietary protein supplementation. 212 85

Fibronectin is a large-molecular-weight glycoprotein present on most cell surfaces, in extracellular fluids, and in plasma. Both cell-associated and soluble fibronectin are thought to have important roles in the inflammatory response and host defense and may contribute to the maintenance of microvascular integrity during septic episodes. Newborn infants have levels of fibronectin in plasma that are one-third to one-half those found in the healthy adult. In addition, neonates with respiratory distress syndrome, perinatal asphyxia, bacterial sepsis, intrauterine growth retardation, or postnatal malnutrition have a further depression in their plasma levels of fibronectin. The low plasma concentration of fibronectin in newborn infants may contribute to the hypofunction of the neonatal reticuloendothelial system and predispose to the development of sepsis. Rates of synthesis of plasma fibronectin are diminished in the neonate, and an inverse correlation between fibronectin half-life and gestational age exists. The role of fibronectin in treatment or prophylaxis of neonatal sepsis remains to be determined.
 ...
PMID:Role of fibronectin in diseases of newborn infants and children. 219 69

The morbidity and mortality of 11 femoral neck fractures were analyzed to compare operative and conservative management of femoral neck fractures in dialysis patients. All fractures occurred in older men with severe cardiac, pulmonary, gastro-intestinal, and neurologic conditions and with advanced renal osteodystrophy. Six of the seven operated patients survived the surgery and achieved varying degrees of ambulation. Stability of the operated hip was excellent in each case. Post-operative complications included transient confusional state related to narcotics, pneumonia, decubitus ulcers, and severe hypoalbuminemia. All four patients who were managed conservatively died from complications of the fracture. Progressive deterioration was noted in each nonoperated patient, with confusion caused by narcotics and analgesics, pneumonia, hepatic coma, decubitus ulcers, severe depression, and severe hypoalbuminemia. Therefore, operative management was superior to conservative management for femoral neck fractures of patients receiving chronic dialysis with multiple medical problems and advanced renal osteodystrophy. Narcotics must be used with great caution, and efforts should be directed toward prevention of malnutrition and decubitus ulcers.
 ...
PMID:Femoral neck fractures in patients receiving long-term dialysis. 222 28


<< Previous 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Next >>