Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0011570 (depression)
 172,036 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The lifetime version of the Inventory to Diagnose Depression (IDDL) is a 22-item self-report scale designed to diagnose a lifetime history of DSM-III major depressive disorder (MDD). One hundred and sixty-four first-degree relatives of healthy control probands completed the IDDL and were interviewed with the Diagnostic Interview Schedule (DIS). The IDDL had good internal consistency (Cronbach's alpha = 0.92), split-half reliability (Spearman-Brown coefficient = 0.90), and all of the item total correlations were significant. The lifetime prevalence of MDD was nonsignificantly higher in the IDDL than the DIS (14.8% vs. 11.7%). Using the DIS as the criterion measure, the sensitivity of the IDDL was 74% and its specificity was 93% and the chance corrected agreement between the two measures was kappa = 0.60.
 ...
PMID:The inventory to diagnose depression, lifetime version. 360 34

The effects of helium pressure and of general anaesthetics were studied on the responses of the isolated superior cervical ganglion of the rat, to determine how far these reflected the pressure reversal of anaesthesia seen in vivo. The method of Brown & Marsh (1974) for extracellular recording of surface potentials was adapted for use in a high-pressure chamber. Helium alone, at 130 atm, did not alter the responses of the ganglion to gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) but significantly depressed the depolarizing and hyperpolarizing components of the nicotinic responses, and the muscarinic responses. The potentiation of the responses to GABA caused by pentobarbitone was not altered by the application of helium, at 130 atm. This pressure also decreased further the nicotinic responses which were depressed by pentobarbitone. Nitrogen, at 34 atm (the anaesthetic ED50 in vivo) and at 68 atm, significantly decreased the nicotinic responses of the ganglia, and the addition of helium to a total of 130 atm further increased this depression. At pressures of 3.3-68 atm, nitrogen caused small decreases in the responses to GABA. Nitrous oxide at 1.5 atm (the ED50 for loss of righting reflex in mice) and at 3 atm, significantly depressed the responses to GABA and to the nicotinic agonist, but did not alter the responses to methylfurmethide. The effects of nitrous oxide were unaltered when helium was added to a total of 130 atm, although this pressure of helium added alone significantly depressed the cholinergic responses. A mixture of 50% nitrous oxide and 50% oxygen, when added to the pressure chamber, at normal atmospheric pressure, caused transient increases in the responses to GABA. The effects of temperature on GABA responses and on nicotinic responses were very different from those of pressure. Preliminary evidence suggested that raising the temperature may decrease the extent of potentiation of GABA responses by pentobarbitone. The results are discussed in relation to the pressure reversal of anaesthesia in vivo. It was concluded that there was no evidence that the basis of this interaction lay in the potentiation of GABA responses by general anaesthetics, or the depression of cholinergic responses, although the changes seen were not in all cases simply additive. It was considered that effects of general anaesthetics such as the potentiation of GABA may contribute to the effects used to measure general anaesthesia in vivo, such as loss of righting reflex, but may not be related to the non-specific actions which cause anaesthesia.
 ...
PMID:The effects of anaesthetics and high pressure on the responses of the rat superior cervical ganglion in vitro. 374 96

A sample of 30 depressed patients was matched for age and social class with an equal number of non-psychiatrically disturbed subjects. The two groups were similar with regard to the vulnerability model of Brown and his colleagues. However, more depressed patients reported job dissatisfaction than controls. Depressed patients had experienced excess of life events prior to the onset of depression. They were also distinguished from the controls by categories of events involving losses and those related to work.
 ...
PMID:Social factors and depression in Nigerian women. 381 1

Breeding records, representing 12,038 inseminations at Bassett's Dairy Farm (Monticello, FL), were analyzed to document effects of environmental and management factors on fertility of dairy cattle from January 1, 1975 to December 31, 1977. Conception rates of lactating cows decreased sharply when maximum air temperature on day after insemination exceeded 30 degrees C. In contrast, conception rates for heifers did not decline until 35 degrees C. Virgin heifers had higher conception rates for all services (50%) than lactating cows (34%) and suffered only slight depression of fertility during summer months. Heifers required 1.5 services per conception compared with 2.3 for lactating cows. Relationship between conception rate and rainfall on day after insemination was negative and curvilinear. Jerseys had higher conception rates (45%) than Holstein (39%) and Brown Swiss (41%). Services per conception were 1.7, 2.0, and 1.9. Substantial decreases of fertility were associated with advancing service number. Estrous status (standing; positive heat detection patch; mounting activity), inseminator, and year of service were related to variation of conception rate. Seasonal effects on fertility of lactating cows were marked. Thus, environmental management of the postpartum cow during hot summer months is warranted to maximize fertility.
 ...
PMID:Effects of climatic and management factors on conception rate of dairy cattle in subtropical environment. 398 Aug 12

The cognitive theories of depression put forward by Beck and his colleagues (1980), Brown & Harris (1978) and Abramson and her colleagues (1978) are described and compared. Although each theory has its strengths, it is argued that an adequate cognitive account of depression is awaited. Such a theory must link specific experiences with each of the cognitive themes of depression, and the links postulated should be specific to depression. Refinements of description and method are required before such a theory can be tested.
 ...
PMID:Three cognitive theories of depression. 408 Aug 80

Effects of Kilham rat virus (KRV) on selected aspects of the immune response of 2 strains of laboratory rats were studied. The Brown Norway rat and Wistar Furth rat were infected with KRV and serum antibody and interferon values and cytotoxic activity of natural killer cells were determined to assess the virus' effect on the rat's immune systems. Antibody values to the virus were increased in both strains after viral inoculation, and total antibody values were comparable in the 2 rat strains. Natural cytotoxicity was increased in Brown Norway rats 3 to 4 days after inoculation in contrast to a distinct depression for a period of 10 days in the Wistar Furth strain. Serum interferon was not measurable in either strain of rat. Seemingly, there is a distinct immune response to KRV in each rat strain and the cytotoxic activity response differs in these 2 strains of rats.
 ...
PMID:Effects of Kilham rat virus on natural killer cell-mediated cytotoxicity in brown Norway and Wistar Furth rats. 620 13

1. The membrane currents during the late slow excitatory post-synaptic potential (late slow e.p.s.c.s) and luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone (LHRH)-induced depolarization of nicotinized and atropinized bullfrog lumbar sympathetic ganglion cells were studied with voltage-clamp methods. 2. Two types of late slow e.p.s.c. were observed. The Type I response was associated with a decreased conductance and was depressed by membrane hyperpolarization. The Type II response was accompanied by an increased conductance and was augmented by membrane hyperpolarization. 3. LHRH also induced two types of responses. The nature of the LHRH-induced current and the late slow e.p.s.c. in each neurone was similar, if not identical. 4. The Type I response appeared to be produced primarily by a suppression of the M current (Brown & Adams, 1980) and partially by a depression of the resting K+ conductance. The Type II response is probably due to an increased conductance to Na+ or Na+ and some other cations.
 ...
PMID:Voltage-clamp analysis of peptidergic slow depolarizations in bullfrog sympathetic ganglion cells. 676 27

Life-event data for a 3-month period were collected for 1058 adults. Six ways of categorizing life events and difficulties were analysed: namely, loss (L), threat (T), anti-social act (A), hopeless situation (H), uncertainty of outcome (U), and choice of action (C). Reliabilities were moderate to good. The number and the pattern of characteristics within a single event or difficulty were found to be the most important elements in predicting a depression score criterion. Two patterns were particularly predictive: CH present in an event or difficulty, and LH present with U absent. Approximately 21.9% of the depression score variance may be explained using life events together with the respondent's social class, sex and social support. This represents a significant improvement over prediction based solely on the scoring methods of Brown & Harris (1978).
 ...
PMID:Dimensions of experience. 687 28

Reliability of the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale, a 20-item symptom checklist, is examined using data from a sample of community respondents containing Anglos (254), Blacks (270), and Mexican Americans (181). Although the survey response rate was lower for Mexican Americans, quality of the data provided by this group was not significantly different from that for Anglos or Blacks. That is, there were no differences among these groups in terms of missing data or internal consistency reliabilty (as measured by Cronbach's alpha and Spearman-Brown split halves). Factor-analytic results also demonstrate the same general structure of responses among the three groups.
 ...
PMID:Reliability of the CES-D Scale in different ethnic contexts. 693 58

A procedural replication of the Camberwell retrospective community study of depression in women (Brown et al. 1975; Brown & Harris, 1978a) was conducted in Calgary, Alberta. A random sample of 449 women between the ages of 18 and 65 were interviewed. The shorter form of the Present State Examination (PSE) and Brown's Interview Schedules for Life Events and Difficulties were used. By contrast to the findings of Brown, none of the following factors was associated with the onset of depression in the 12 months prior to interview: social class, employment status, number of children at home, loss of mother before age 11. In agreement with Brown, a lack of intimacy with spouse/cohabitant/boyfriend increased the risk of depression. Also in agreement with Brown, severe life events and difficulties were associated with depression. The association was particularly strong for 'possibly independent' events and difficulties, i.e. events (and difficulties) that may or may not have been caused in part by the woman herself. It was concluded that the role of social factors is community-specific and that the causal roles of events and difficulties in relation to depression remain uncertain. The implications of the findings in relation to the locus of vulnerability to depression are briefly discussed.
 ...
PMID:Social factors associated with depression: a retrospective community study. 710 Mar 56


<< Previous 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Next >>