Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0011570 (depression)
 172,036 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Treatment of 24 male patients with 3 g/day of xanthinol nicotinate did not change the in vitro measurements of ADP-induced platelet aggregation but produced a marked inhibition of collagen-induced platelet aggregation. This effect may be connected with the drug-induced depression of the ATP level in platelet-rich plasma. Changes in the platelets in the patients' blood or in the lipid composition and the concentration of uric acid in their serum were ruled out as reasons for the decrease of the collagen-induced aggregation. The activity of the three serum enzymes y-GT, GOT, and GPT and the concentration of the blood sugar did not change.
 ...
PMID:Effect of xanthinol nicotinate treatment on platelet aggregation. 84 33

The hemodynamics during hemodilution occurred after hepatectomy for hepatocellular carcinoma with liver cirrhosis and its influences on the liver functions were studied. The hematocrit value gradually decreased about 10% until the 4th postoperative day owing to hemodilution after hepatectomy. While anemia progressed, cardiac index inversely increased. Under such a condition, oxygen consumption was maintained so that acidosis did not develop. Arterial blood ketone body ratio was also kept within a normal range except for a case whose hematocrit value decreased to 17.1%. Although the escaped hepatic enzymes such as GOT and GPT increased in the serum after hepatectomy, hemodilution was not responsible for their increase. While total bilirubin increased in the severe hemodiluted group, the increase was not due to hemodilution but caused by blood transfusion. The protein synthesis of the liver measured by rapid turnover protein levels in plasma was depressed after surgery, and this depression prolonged to the 14th postoperative day in the group whose hematocrit value decreased below 20%. These results suggest that it is better to keep hemodynamics without blood transfusion unless the hematocrit value decrease below 20%, and also better to maintain the hematocrit above 20% for liver regeneration after hepatectomy.
 ...
PMID:[The hemodynamics during hemodilution and its influence on the liver functions after hepatectomy for hepatocellular carcinoma with liver cirrhosis]. 165 85

Lupinosis is a mycotoxicosis caused by the ingestion of toxins produced by the fungus phomopsis leptostromiformis which grows on lupin plants. An outbreak of natural lupinosis in lambs occurred in Caceres, Spain. Clinical signs were inappetence, depression, constipation, weakness and different degrees of jaundice. Blood samples were analysed every 7 d for 5 w for hematocrit, total protein, glucose, total bilirubin, and GOT, GPT and alkaline phosphatase activities. The last 4 parameters were increased and returned to normal values after 2-3 w. The liver was swollen and a bright yellow color; microscopically fatty metamorphosis, necrotic areas and infiltration of polymorphonuclears were observed. This is the first time that lupinosis is described in Spain.
 ...
PMID:An outbreak of lupinosis in sheep. 174 45

The effect of the experimental antiepileptic drug gabapentin (1-(aminomethyl) cyclohexane acetic acid; GPT) on the feline trigeminal complex was compared with the effect of established antiepileptic drugs and with the effect of GABAA and GABAB agonists and antagonists. Intravenous injection of 10-60 mg/kg GPT depressed the descending periventricular facilitation of trigeminal nucleus neurons, as well as segmental excitatory mechanisms. On the other hand, GPT usually facilitated, but sometimes depressed, both segmental and periventricular inhibitory mechanisms. GPT thus resembled carbamazepine and phenytoin in its action on excitatory mechanisms and on segmental inhibition, but differed in its effect on inhibitory pathways descending from the reticular formation. In agreement with our observations, GPT has been found to be effective against partial and generalized tonic-clonic seizures, similar to the spectrum of activity of carbamazepine and phenytoin. The action of GPT in our model also resembled that of the GABAB agonist baclofen in its facilitation of reticular and segmental inhibitory mechanisms and its depression of segmental excitatory mechanisms, but differed in its effect on excitatory mechanisms descending from the reticular formation. GPT has also been reported to mimic GABAB receptor activation in other experiments but appeared to act by a GABA-receptor independent mechanism.
 ...
PMID:Comparison of gabapentin with other antiepileptic and GABAergic drugs. 186 22

An autopsy case of rhabdomyolysis following homicidal intoxication of paraphenylenediamine was reported and the toxicological mechanism of PPD against skeletal muscles was discussed. The case was a 44 years old, previously healthy male, drinking a beverage containing PPD, prepared for a homicidal use. Total intake of PPD was about 3 g (63 mg/kg). Principal clinical manifestation of the patient was muscle rigor with tenderness, initially developed in the lower extremities and subsequently extending to all over the skeletal muscles. Laboratory examinations disclosed high CPK (137,600), LDH (3895), GOT (3400) and GPT (545), and leukocytosis (26600), indicating massive skeletal muscle necrosis. ECG revealed mild depression of ST junction in the II and aVF leads. Urine showed dark brownish discoloration and diminished in volume subsequently. Scattered necrosis of muscular fibers was observed in a biopsy of the femoral muscles. The consciousness was rather clear during the course. The patient collapsed suddenly and soon died in the course of about 30 hours. Clinically, the cause of death was thought to be acute renal failure due to rhabdomyolysis. Afterwards PPD was detected in the urine obtained in the hospital. Autopsy confirmed the clinical diagnosis: Renal collecting ductules and distal tubules were occluded by dark brownish myoglobin casts and its epithelium massively necrotized; Skeletal muscles showed scatteredly coagulation necrosis and were partially associated with inflammatory cell infiltration.
 ...
PMID:[Rhabdomyolysis due to paraphenylenediamine (hair dye)--report of an autopsy case]. 207 68

Metadoxine is an active drug for treatment of acute and chronic alcohol intoxication, affecting both liver and brain function. The authors reviewed the international pharmacological and clinical literature on the drug which shows the potential usefulness of metadoxine in the treatment of alcohol-induced diseases. The case report concerns the results in 20 chronic alcoholics, admitted to the hospital for acute alcohol intake treated with metadoxine (one 500 mg tablet twice daily). Biohumoral hepatopathy parameters and clinical parameters of neuropsychic behaviour were examined simultaneously. Compared with a control group of patients undergoing traditional therapy (sedative and multi-vitamin drugs), metadoxine showed a significant improvement of the values of gamma-GT, GPT, blood ammonia, blood alcohol and of neuropsychic and behavioural parameters such as agitation, tremor, asterixis, sopor and depression. No side-effects or unfavourable reactions occurred during metadoxine treatment, which confirms the safety of this molecule.
 ...
PMID:[Metadoxine in alcohol-related pathology]. 252 84

Effects of ulinastatin on operative stress in upper abdominal surgery were investigated. The operation caused damages to the body functions such as enhancement of protein catabolism, hepatic dysfunction and pancreatic dysfunction, followed by elevation of GOT, GPT, LDH and serum amylase. The operative stress also decreased the total lymphocyte and T cell counts in the peripheral blood, and attenuated the lymphocyte transformation induced by phytohaemagglutinin (PHA) and concanavalin A (Con A). Ulinastatin 7500 u.kg-1 failed to decrease the elevation of plasma enzyme levels and the depression of immune function. But ulinastatin had no immunosuppressive effect like glucocorticoid and attenuated the decrease in plasma levels of protein and albumin. The results suggest that ulinastatin has an effect in modulating the enhancement of protein catabolism by operative stress.
 ...
PMID:[Effects of ulinastatin on operative stress in major surgery]. 272 19

Food intake, plasma and brain amino acid concentrations, liver amino acid catabolic enzyme activities, and whole-brain neurotransmitter and metabolite concentrations were measured in young rats adapted for 11 d to diets containing from 5 to 75% (in increments of 5%) casein. Food intake was depressed initially in rats fed diets containing 5, 10% or greater than 35% casein. For the duration of the experiment, food intakes of the groups fed the higher protein diets improved on successive days; the length and severity of the depression were proportional to the protein content of the diet fed. Rats fed low levels of protein grew poorly, and their food intake remained depressed. The gradual improvement in growth and food intake of rats fed diets containing more than 35% casein was accompanied by dramatic increases in the activities of serine-threonine dehydratase (SDH, EC 4.2.1.16) and glutamate-pyruvate aminotransferase (GPT, EC 2.6.1.1) in liver. The increase in amino acid catabolic activity was accompanied by decreases in the concentrations of most amino acids in plasma and brain. However, concentrations of branched-chain amino acids, in both plasma and brain, increased in direct proportion to the protein concentration of the diet fed. As a result of these reciprocal responses, the total concentration of indispensable amino acids in brain (IAA) was maintained within a narrow range of values, despite a sixfold range of protein intakes. Whole-brain concentrations of norepinephrine, dopamine and serotonin were not correlated with dietary protein concentration, total food intake or protein intake. Brain concentrations of homovanillic acid and 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid were correlated inversely with protein intake and that of 3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetic acid was correlated directly with food intake. Protein intake appeared to be related to the animal's ability to maintain brain total IAA content between some upper and lower limits. Our results indicate that this was accomplished initially through downward adjustment of protein intake and subsequently through an increase in catabolic capacity for the amino acids.
 ...
PMID:Adaptation of rats to diets containing different levels of protein: effects on food intake, plasma and brain amino acid concentrations and brain neurotransmitter metabolism. 285 80

In vivo studies were performed in the dog to verify if sodium lactate had an important effect on the metabolism of glutamine by the kidney. The animals were infused with 0.6 M sodium lactate to induce acute metabolic alkalosis with plasma bicarbonate of 29.7 mM. During these experiments, it was demonstrated that the renal uptake of glutamine increased by 46%, while the renal production of ammonia was unchanged. The renal production of alanine rose from 6.0 to 16.8 mumol/min. Plasma concentration of lactate increased from 1.3 to 19.2 mM, while that of pyruvate increased from 0.075 to 0.454 mM. In the renal tissue, alpha-ketoglutarate, malate, oxaloacetate, lactate, pyruvate, citrate, and alanine increased significantly. Similar changes were found in the liver and skeletal muscle. The observed changes are best described by transamination of pyruvate and glutamate under the influence of alanine aminotransferase (GPT). It can be calculated that this reaction was responsible for 76% of the production of ammonia from glutamine, the latter being necessary to provide glutamate for the synthesis of alanine. Dogs infused with 0.3 M sodium bicarbonate instead of sodium lactate with the same degree of acute metabolic alkalosis, showed a depression of 40% in the renal uptake of glutamine with a 38% decrease in renal ammoniagenesis and a 20% fall in the production of alanine. The present studies demonstrate that the production of ammonia from glutamine is not necessarily related to changes in acid-base balance, but may be associated with biochemical alterations related to the synthesis of alanine by the kidney.
 ...
PMID:The metabolic response of the kidney to acute sodium lactate alkalosis. 286 25

The present experiment was performed to see the influence of phlebotomy on hematology, serum chemistry, and pathology data in rats. When normal rats received a single phlebotomy of 2 or 3 ml blood, erythrocyte count and hematocrit were slightly reduced along with a persistent depression of the blood pressure. In repeated phlebotomy studies, 0.25 to 2 ml each of blood was removed from each rat every other day for 10 days. Normal rats from which 0.5 ml and more of blood was withdrawn showed decreases in erythrocyte count and serum iron level concomitant with an increase in reticulocyte count. Similar findings were obtained in rats with CCl4 liver damage or gentamicin nephrotoxicity, except that those rats hardly exhibited anemia because of a simultaneous occurrence of hemoconcentration. Histopathological findings of the liver and kidney were not different between animals with and without phlebotomy. In phenylhydrazine-treated rats receiving repeated phlebotomy, one rat in the 1-ml phlebotomy and two rats in the 2-ml phlebotomy died from severe anemia. Surviving rats receiving 2-ml phlebotomy showed higher serum GOT and GPT activities together with fatty deposition and/or focal necrosis of hepatocytes. It is concluded that every-other-day phlebotomy of up to 0.25 ml each does not significantly influence the physiological condition of normal or diseased rats.
 ...
PMID:The influence of single or repeated phlebotomy on the physiological condition of normal and diseased rats. 359 1


1 2 3 Next >>