Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0011570 (depression)
 172,036 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

In an initial safety study, phosphorus-32 (as diphosphonate) was administered intravenously to five patients with painful bone metastases from prostatic carcinoma; two patients received 9 mCi and three were given 3 mCi. Hematological, biochemical, ECG, x-ray, bone-scan data, and clinical observation, were followed for 2 mo. At both dose levels, bone-marrow depression was noted. One of the patients, who received 9 mCi, had only a slight dip in the levels of circulating white blood cells and platelets. The other 9-mCi patient was the only one with discrete metastases by bone scan; he had bone-marrow depression, from which he recovered, and was the only one of the five who had relief of bone pain.
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PMID:[32P] diphosphonate dose determination in patients with bone metastases from prostatic carcinoma. 41 89

Based on our prior experience in treating children with metastatic osteogenic sarcoma, a multidrug regimen was developed. Nine children with evaluable osteogenic sarcoma were treated with vincristine 1.5 mg/m2 on day 1, highdose methotrexate 200-300 mg/kg i.v. on day 2, with p.o. citrovorum factor "rescue" 9 mg every 6 hours x 12, followed in 2 weeks by cyclophosphamide 40 mg/kg i.v., then 2 weeks later Adriamycin 1.5 mg/kg/day x 2; in 2 weeks cyclophosphamide was repeated. After a 2-week rest, the 56-day cycle was repeated for a total period of 1 year. Oropharyngeal mucositis was the most frequent severe manifestation of gastrointestinal toxicity. Hematologic depression was mild to severe. Nine patients with clinically evaluable osteogenic sarcoma and no previous chemotherapeutic treatment were treated with this regimen. One patient had only a transient shrinkage in tumor mass, and one patient had no progression of multiple pulmonary and bone metastases for 16 months while on therapy. Of the remaining seven patients, all had clinically significant responses with tumor regression demonstrated for from 5 to 20+ months. Four of these patients (three presenting with primary tumor and pulmonary metastases) demonstrated regression of their primary tumor. In an attempt to increase the cure rate in osteogenic sarcoma, chemotherapy that has proven to be effective against metastatic osteogenic sarcoma should now be employed as prophylactic therapy, after amputation, at cancer treatment centers where it can be safely and effectively administered.
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PMID:The rationale for multiple drug chemotherapy in the treatment of osteogenic sarcoma. 107 42

A total of 12 patients with advanced renal cell carcinoma received interferon alpha (3 million units intramuscularly 6 times weekly) and OK-432 (5 KE (Klinische Einheit) intramuscularly twice weekly). Metastatic lesions appeared before operation in six patients and after operation in six patients. Among them 5 patients had received interferon therapy and this combination therapy was started after the judgment of progressive disease for interferon therapy. Eleven pulmonary and 5 bone metastases were evaluable. The median duration of the combination therapy was 89.3 weeks. There were 4 partial responses and no complete responses among the 12 patients, giving a response rate of 33.3%. The median duration of response was 25 months, with a range of 6 to 54 months. Responses were seen predominantly in patients in whom metastases appeared after operation (3 of 4 responders). However, regarding the individual organs, two complete and 2 partial responses were observed among 11 pulmonary metastases and 2 partial responses among 5 bone metastases. The survival period after discovery of the metastasis was 10 to 67 months and the 5-year survival rate was 70.5%. Almost all patients had fever and induration at the injection site. Other side effects included leukopenia, anorexia, and depression. This combination therapy is thought to be effective against bone or other organs metastasis resistant to interferon alone.
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PMID:[Treatment of advanced renal cell carcinoma with interferon alpha and OK-432 (streptococcal preparation)]. 148 85

We report a retrospective study of 15 patients with prostate carcinoma and diffuse bone metastases treated with sodium 32P for palliation of pain at Downstate Medical Center and Kings County Hospital from 1973 to 1978. The response rates, duration of response, and toxicities are compared with those of other series of patients treated with 32P and with sequential hemibody irradiation. The response rates and duration of response are similar with both modalities ranging from 58 to 95% with a duration of 3.3 to 6 months with 32P and from 75 to 86% with a median duration of 5.5 months with hemibody irradiation. There are significant differences in the patterns of response and in the toxicities of the two treatment methods. Both methods cause significant bone marrow depression. Acute radiation syndrome, radiation pneumonitis, and alopecia are seen with sequential hemibody irradiation and not with 32P, but their incidence can be reduced by careful treatment planning. Hemibody irradiation can provide pain relief within 24 to 48 h, while 32P may produce an initial exacerbation of pain. Lower hemibody irradiation alone is less toxic than either upper hemibody irradiation or 32P treatment.
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PMID:Comparison of 32P therapy and sequential hemibody irradiation (HBI) for bony metastases as methods of whole body irradiation. 242 17

Several animal studies have demonstrated that pain is modulated by spinal mechanisms involving prostaglandins and that acetylsalicylic acid (ASA) administered intrathecally has an analgesic effect. We report our experience of this treatment in 60 patients with proven and advanced cancer. An isobaric solution of lysine acetylsalicylate was administered by lumbar puncture in doses ranging from 120 to 720 mg of ASA. The results were evaluated using the habitual criteria: scoring system, behaviour, consumption of analgesic drugs. In this trial the method proved astonishingly effective (78% of the cases). Analgesia was strong, almost immediate and without influence on motricity. No thermic or neurovegetative changes were noted. The effect of one injection lasted from 3 weeks to 1 month on average; it was reproduced and often more prolonged after a repeat injection. Pain associated with bone metastases seems to constitute the best indication, notably in breast and lung cancer and in myeloma. Visceral (pancreas) or neural pain requires higher doses to respond. Failures (22%) were due to such factors as insufficient dosage at the very beginning of our experience or severe depressive syndrome. The perineal and sphincteral pain of rectal cancer often resists treatment. This simple, inexpensive and very effective method with no other complication than a frequent tendency to fatigue should rank among other analgesic measures in cancer. The lack of respiratory depression is a major advantage over catheter spinal opiate analgesia. We consider that its main indications are pain associated with osteolytic metastases of adenocarcinomas, and myelomas. Owing to the absence of formal toxicological data, its use must be limited to cancer pain and to patients with a life expectancy of less than 2 years.
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PMID:[Chronic refractory pain in cancer patients. Value of the spinal injection of lysine acetylsalicylate. 60 cases]. 295 75

The antitumor effect and side effects of oral high-dose Medroxyprogesterone acetate (MPA) therapy were studied in 110 patients with advanced or recurrent breast cancer. MPA in 200 mg tablets was consecutively administered at a daily dose of 600, 800, 1,000, 1,200, 1,600, 1,800 or 2,400 mg. The overall response rate was 32/110 (29.1%), and the highest response rate was obtained in the 1,200 mg group (38.2%). The response rate by the site of lesion was higher in the soft tissues and also in bone metastases. Side effects such as moon face, vaginal spotting and abnormal glucose tolerance was mild and tolerable. Accordingly, from the antitumor effect and side effects, the optimal dose was considered to be 1,200 mg a day. Furthermore, as MPA therapy increases appetite and body weight of patients without causing myelopoietic depression, this drug could be used successfully in combination with other chemotherapeutic agents.
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PMID:[Oral high-dose medroxyprogesterone acetate (MPA) in the treatment of advanced and recurrent breast cancer: a dose-response evaluation]. 622 90

In a control randomized cross-over trial, 117 patients with advanced breast cancer were treated initially either with tamoxifen (10 mg p.o. twice daily) or aminoglutethimide (250 mg p.o. 4 times daily) with hydrocortisone (20 mg twice daily). Patients failing to respond or relapsing were switched to the alternative treatment. Eighteen (30%) of the 60 patients initially treated with tamoxifen achieved an objective response, and 11 (18%) achieved stable disease. Seventeen (30%) of the 57 patients treated initially with aminoglutethimide achieved an objective response, and 13 (23%) achieved stable disease. Aminoglutethimide achieved a 35% objective response and a further 26% subjective bone pain relief in patients with bone metastases (overall, 61%) compared with a 17% objective response and a further 17% objective bone pain relief with tamoxifen (total, 34%). None of six premenopausal patients responded to aminoglutethimide compared with two of four responding to tamoxifen. The median response duration to aminoglutethimide was 16 months compared with 20 months for tamoxifen. Side effects for aminoglutethimide (including lethargy, rash, and depression) were more common than for tamoxifen, and 7% of aminoglutethimide-treated patients had to discontinue treatment because of these compared with 0% on tamoxifen. In cross-over studies, 6 of 12 tamoxifen responders who relapsed achieved a second response to aminoglutethimide (50%), as did 6 of 29 patients who initially failed to respond to tamoxifen (21%). In contrast, none of 11 patients relapsing after response to aminoglutethimide achieved a second response to tamoxifen; only 1 of 18 nonresponders to aminoglutethimide subsequently responded to tamoxifen (6%). In a subsequent study in which 62 patients were treated with combined tamoxifen and aminoglutethimide, the overall response rate of 37% was not significantly better than that for either agent used alone.
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PMID:Tamoxifen versus aminoglutethimide versus combined tamoxifen and aminoglutethimide in the treatment of advanced breast carcinoma. 704 25

Metabolic radiotherapy is a new therapy for management of bone pain in patients with bone metastatic prostate carcinoma. Strontium-89 and Samarium-153 concentrate in bone metastases and radiate them. A pain decrease is obtained in 60-70% of cases. Side effects are a significant hematological depression without great clinical consequences if good therapeutic indications are respected. Our multidisciplinary experience of these radionuclides in 54 performed treatments shows a rate of good responders of 66% with a rate of excellent results (total decrease of pain) in 47%. The therapeutic effectiveness is correlated with pain intensity measured by Visual Analogic Scale (VAS) and equivalent dose of morphine. Radionuclide therapy should be applied to patients as early as possible after establishment of bone metastases.
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PMID:[Metabolic radiotherapy: what role will it have in 2001?]. 1211 45

A 12-year-old male cat with depression and dyspnoea was presented for investigation. Radiography and computed tomography revealed hydrothorax and solid masses involving the sternum, ribs and thoracic vertebrae. The cat died two days after first presentation, and postmortem examination revealed lung masses and proliferative bony lesions. Histologically, a neoplastic proliferation of epithelial cells was seen in the lungs, with a large amount of collagen and deposits of cholesterin. The bone lesions were also composed of neoplastic epithelial cells and abundant calcified osteoid, without atypia. A diagnosis of pulmonary adenocarcinoma with osteoblastic bone metastases was made. This is the first reported case of osteoblastic metastases in the cat.
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PMID:Pulmonary adenocarcinoma with osteoblastic bone metastases in a cat. 1458 62

The skeleton is the third most common site for cancer to spread to after the liver and lungs. Malignancies that can cause destruction of skeletal bones include multiple myeloma and metastatic disease of the breast, prostate, and lung. Bone metastases are problematic for patients with cancer because accelerated bone breakdown occurs with many associated complications. One or more of the following problems may occur: pain, hypercalcemia, pathologic fractures, myelosuppression, and spinal cord compression with subsequent progressive immobility. Quality of life is affected negatively, and associated feelings of fear, grief, anger, despair, anxiety, and depression can occur. Management of malignancies of the bone involves a multimodal approach. Therapies include analgesia, hormone therapy, chemotherapy, surgery, radiation therapy, and the use of bisphosphonates. Nurses can be instrumental in promoting positive outcomes for patients with bone metastases.
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PMID:Advances in the treatment of bone metastases. 1470 79


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