Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0011570 (depression)
 172,036 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

In a comparative study, 21 in-patient and 27 out-patients with primary open-angle glaucoma and 18 cataract patients were investigated to determine whether psychiatric symptoms were more frequent in patients with primary open-angle glaucoma. In all three groups we used Beck's Depression Inventory, the Zerssen Symptom List and the Maudsley Personality Inventory. In addition, in the case of the glaucoma in patients we applied the unsteadiness Test, the Social Interview Schedule and a psychiatric interview. Two-thirds of the glaucoma inpatients showed psychiatric symptoms, had higher scores for depression and psychosomatic complaints and had reduced emotional stability. The glaucoma out-patients had statistically significantly high scores for psychosomatic complaints. The control group showed normal scores in all tests. The present tests seem to pick up psychiatric symptoms in patients with primary open-angle glaucoma. Therefore, we can recommend them as an aid to orientation in hospital and private practice.
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PMID:[Psychiatric manifestations in patients with primary open-angle glaucoma]. 812 26

In a preliminary study of 35 patients that had undergone cataract extraction surgery, we compared the visualization of the retinal periphery according to the intraocular lens optic diameter (5, 6, and 7 mm). In all cases, we performed extra-capsular cataract extractions, with a capsulorhexis, and a Posterior Chamber lens. Indirect ophthalmoscopy with scleral depression, and Goldmann lens biomicroscopy were used to visualize the fundus. We found the smaller the optic diameter was, the better the visualization of the peripheral retina was. Indeed there was a wider space between the optic ridge of the lens and the iris. There was also a better transparency of the peripheral capsular bag.
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PMID:[Retinal periphery and diameter of the optic implants in the posterior chamber (5, 6, 7 mm)]. 816 10

Data from a prospective study of quality of life after cataract extraction with intraocular lens implantation were used to examine associations between patient factors and the timing of cataract extraction. The 495 patients were drawn from 76 ophthalmologists' offices in three cities. Patients were categorized as waiting three months or less or four months or more to schedule their operations after their physicians' recommendations. Patients who delayed scheduling their operations were more likely to be younger, have higher incomes, be working full-time, have higher life satisfaction, have lower levels of depression and higher levels of vigor, have had a less than perfect previous operation, have lower scores for mid-range vision and higher scores for cataract symptoms, be fearful of nighttime driving, and be heavy drinkers. Conversely, patients who delayed their operations were less likely to be covered by Medicare and to expect excellent postoperative vision and a short recovery time. A discriminant analysis correctly classified 68.9% of the patients according to timing group.
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PMID:The influence of patient-related variables in the timing of cataract extraction. 848 14

Recent changes in the medical system have resulted in a significant increase in the number of surgical procedures performed as day surgery. Therefore, a safe and short postoperative recovery period has become increasingly important. In the present study we investigated perioperative cognitive and physiological functions after oral premedication with low-dose midazolam (3.75 mg). The study was carried out on at total of 55 women (age > 60 years, weight 50-90 kg) scheduled for elective cataract surgery under retrobulbar anaesthesia (RBA), who were randomly assigned to either group 1 (n = 35) receiving 3.75 mg midazolam p.o. or group 2 (n = 20) receiving placebo p.o. 30 min prior to RBA. We measured the following parameters: sedation (modified Glasgow Coma Scale); anxiety (visual analogue scale); numerical and verbal memory (digit span and reproduction of previously presented words); concentration (revision test of Stender/Marschner). To identify depression of ventilation, pulse oximetric oxygenation and end-tidal PCO2 (nasal) were monitored intraoperatively. In the midazolam group anxiety was significantly lower and patients were significantly more sedated than in group 2. At a check 30 min after premedication with midazolam the scores for concentration and numerical memory were significantly (P < 0.05) lower. No differences between the groups could be found 2 h after the operations (2.92 +/- 35 min after premedication). Intraoperatively there was no significant difference in end-tital PCO2 and oxygenation between the groups. Oral administration of low-dose midazolam (3.75 mg) seems to be an appropriate form of premedication for ambulatory surgical procedures in elderly patients.
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PMID:[Perioperative follow-up of physiologic and cognitive functions after oral premedication with midazolam 3.75 mg in women for retrobulbar anesthesia]. 886 63

A large Swedish family with members affected by progressive external ophthalmoplegia with hypogonadism were followed-up and reviewed. Hypogonadism included delayed sexual maturation, primary amenorrhea, early menopause, and testicular atrophy. Cataracts, cerebellar ataxia, neuropathy, hypoacusia, pes cavus, tremor, parkinsonism, depression, and mental retardation were other features observed in this family. Muscle biopsy samples of advanced cases showed ragged-red fibers, focal cytochrome c oxidase deficiency, and multiple mtDNA deletions by Southern blot analysis. An autosomal dominant mode of inheritance was evident with anticipation in successive generations. Linkage analysis excluded the chromosome 10q23.3-q24.3 region reported as being linked to the disease in a Finnish family with autosomal dominant progressive external ophthalmoplegia. We report for the first time clinical evidence for anticipation in a family with autosomal dominant progressive external ophthalmoplegia. We hypothesize that the nuclear gene causing this enigmatic disorder may be directly influenced by an expansion of an unstable DNA sequence and that the resulting phenotype is caused by a concerted action with multiple deletions of mtDNA.
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PMID:Anticipation of autosomal dominant progressive external ophthalmoplegia with hypogonadism. 894 Dec 70

Impairment in hearing and vision are common for persons age 65 and older, and severe impairments may result in dependencies in daily activities. Hearing loss with age often results in diminished ability to communicate with others and may lead to isolation, depression, and cognitive changes. A hearing evaluation involving simple screening tools in important for early recognition and treatment of otologic conditions. Cataracts, macular degeneration, diabetic retinopathy, and glaucoma are the most sight-threatening ocular diseases of aging. Visual loss usually occurs gradually and may go unrecognised for some time. Primary care screening is important to preserve sight and prevent disability and loss of function.
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PMID:In-office screening for age-related hearing and vision loss. 919 90

To assess how preference values that cataract surgery patients assign to their preoperative visual states relate to visual acuity and problems in specific aspects of daily life, the authors interviewed 47 patients scheduled to have cataract surgery. Using a rating-scale technique with a scale from 0 (death) to 1 (excellent health), the patients had a mean preference value of 0.68 for their preoperative vision. Patients' preference values for their preoperative vision were more closely related to problems in specific aspects of daily life (especially feelings of depression and problems interacting with people) than to visual acuity in the operative eye, better eye, or worse eye, or a weighted average of visual acuities in both eyes. These results provide a rationale for relying more on patients' views about the effects of visual impairment than on measures of visual acuity when assessing the need for cataract surgery.
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PMID:Preference values for visual states in patients planning to undergo cataract surgery. 921 93

Normal changes in the lens, retina, and vitreous accompany aging, but loss of vision in late life is not an inevitable consequence of aging. Cataract, glaucoma, diabetic retinopathy, and age-related macular degeneration (ARMD) account for most vision loss in the older population. Visual impairment reduces older patients' ability to function independently and increases their risk of depression and of injury due to falls. When older persons have a visual complaint, they tend to blame it on being old and do not tell their physicians. In the primary care office, simple screening questions and examination of the dilated eye can often reveal a need for further examination and/or referral.
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PMID:Keeping an eye on vision: primary care of age-related ocular disease. Part 1. 926 Dec 84

alpha-Agonists are a relatively old class of medications, the topical use of which lowers eye pressure. Clonidine was introduced for this use in 1966, brimonidine in 1974, and apraclonidine in 1978. Initial short-term attempts to use clonidine were complicated by problems with systemic hypotension. Apraclonidine is more polar and less lipophilic than clonidine. This probably allows less penetration into both the posterior segment of the eye and systemic circulation, allowing for an excellent therapeutic index. The prophylactic use of apraclonidine (1% and 0.5%) has dramatically changed the safety profile for many anterior segment laser procedures, cataract surgery, and vitrectomy. The role of alpha-agonists in the chronic treatment of glaucoma is still uncertain. Potential benefits of additional lowering of intraocular pressure must be weighed against the following potential disadvantages: tachyphalaxsis, posterior segment vasoconstriction, psychologic depression and fatigue, syncope and systemic hypotension, and a topical allergy-like syndrome.
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PMID:The role of alpha-agonists in glaucoma therapy. 1016 56

An acute open angle glaucoma of the right eye was diagnosed in an 8-year-old male Yorkshire terrier which was presented with anorexia, depression, and trembling. Abnormal findings of the right eye on admission included elevated intraocular pressure (IOP; 40 mmHg), the presence of fibrin and flare in the anterior chamber, and immature cataract. Morphological abnormalities of the iridocorneal angle were not detected, and an open angle was seen in the eye. Although an elevated IOP was observed at one year after admission, lowering IOP (< or = 24 mmHg) was maintained with medical therapy using dichlorphenamide (DCPA) and timolol maleate, DCPA alone, or no-treatment for 1973 days. This case suggests that lower IOP can be maintained with medical therapy alone for a long period in a patient with open angle glaucoma.
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PMID:Long-term management of a glaucomatous eye in a dog treated with medical therapy alone. 1178 11


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