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 172,036 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The study of consanguineous marriage is an efficient way to elucidate the genetic structure of human populations. Such matings give an opportunity for recessive genes to manifest themselves by becoming homozygous. The present attempt examines the effects of parental consanguinity on various anthropometric measurements among the Sheikh Sunni Muslim boys of old Delhi between the ages of 11 and 16 years. A slight inbreeding depression has been observed for all eight anthropometric measurements, i.e., stature, span, sitting height, head length, head circumference, chest girth, and calf circumference. The results support earlier studies in regard to the effect of consanguinity on anthropometric measurements.
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PMID:Effect of parental consanguinity on anthropometric measurements among the Sheikh Sunni Muslim boys of Delhi. 372 57

With up to 100 million cases annually, dengue fever is today's most important arboviral disease. Dengue fever is endemic in many parts of South-East Asia, the Indian subcontinent, Oceania and the Americas. The disease mainly affects the local population, but occasionally also visitors from non-endemic areas. In this article we present epidemiological and clinical data on all 26 cases with serological confirmed dengue fever diagnosed in Norway in 1991-1996. 21 patients (81%) were infected in Asia. Typical exanthema, leucopenia, and thrombocytopenia were seen in 71%, 79% and 84% of the cases, respectively. A 37-year-old Indian-born woman developed dengue haemorrhagic fever grade 1 after a visit to New Delhi, while the remaining 25 patients had classical dengue fever. Postinfectious complications were common, and four weeks after the acute illness, hair loss, mental depression and asthenia were reported by 45%, 50% and 100% of the cases, respectively.
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PMID:[Dengue fever imported to Norway. Serologically confirmed cases 1991-96]. 944 67

Present study was carried out at child guidance clinic of Guru Teg Bahadur Hospital, Delhi. Sample consisted of 300 children (175 boys and 125 girls of aged 2-12 years) from November, 1994 to October, 1996. Diagnoses were made by using ICD-10 criteria. The major diagnoses were mental retardation (20.6%), epilepsy (20%), hysterical conversion reaction (6.3%), ADHD (5%) and childhood depression (6%).
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PMID:Prevalence and pattern of psychiatric morbidity in children. 1032 95

Study was made of the psychological sequelae of 301 tubal sterilizations performed between 1959 and 1964 at the Lady Hardinge Hospital in New Delhi. The women were interviewed on aspects of their general health, sleeping habits, and evidences of depression and anxiety for 2-4 years after the operation. The women were divided into 2 groups for comparison: the 241 who had requested the procedure and the 60 who had had to be persuaded to have the operation. Mild psychological disturbances such as anxiety of insomnia were reported in 12.2% of the cases, and severe disturbances such as hysteria or severe depression were reported in 8.9% of the cases. There were more disturbances reported in the persuaded group than the willing group. No significant change was reported in the patients' sexual response after the operations, though those in the persuaded group had slightly less libido. Also those with altered libido in both groups showed much higher degree of psychological disturbance than those with unaltered libido. Dyspareunia was reported in 13% of the cases and menstrual disturbances in 26.8% of the cases. The persuaded group showed much higher rates of dysmenorrhea than the willing group. Some changes occurred in family happiness after the operation, both positive and negative. It is concluded that psychological disturbances are an important factor in dealing with sterilization procedures.
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PMID:Psychological aspects of sterilisation in female. 1233 20

The objective of this study was to examine the respiratory and general health of workers employed in a municipal solid waste (MSW) disposal at an open landfill site in India. Ninety-six landfill workers of Okhla landfill site, Delhi, and 90 controls matched for age, sex, and socioeconomic conditions were enrolled. Health data was obtained from questionnaire surveys, clinical examination and laboratory investigations. Lung function was evaluated by spirometry. Compared with matched controls, landfill workers had significantly higher prevalences of both upper and lower respiratory symptoms, and they suffered more often from diarrhea, fungal infection and ulceration of the skin, burning sensation in the extremities, tingling or numbness, transient loss of memory, and depression. Spirometry revealed impairment of lung function in 62% of the landfill workers compared to 27% of the controls. Sputum cytology showed squamous metaplasia, abundance of inflammatory cells, alveolar macrophages (AM) and siderophages (macrophages with iron deposits), and high elastase enzyme activity in neutrophils and AM of a majority of landfill workers, indicating adverse cellular lung reaction. Hematological profiles of these workers depicted low hemoglobin and erythrocyte levels with high total leukocyte, eosinophil and monocyte counts. Erythrocytes with target cell morphology were abundant in 42% of the landfill workers compared to 10% of the controls. Toxic granulation in neutrophils, an indication of infection and inflammation, was recorded in 94% of the landfill workers and in 49% of the controls. The results demonstrated higher prevalence of respiratory symptoms, inflammation of the airways, lung function decrement and a wide range of general health problems in MSW disposal workers.
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PMID:Respiratory and general health impairments of workers employed in a municipal solid waste disposal at an open landfill site in Delhi. 1607 39

A 22-year-old unmarried, male painter was found by neighbouring shopkeepers to be rolling on the ground inside his shop due to severe abdominal pain. The man had tried to commit suicide by intravenously injecting a solution of copper sulphate, used as an antifouling agent in paints. He was taken to the local hospital with severe epigastric pain, vomiting and diarrhoea. His condition worsened after three days and he was transferred to the All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, but the victim died on his way to the hospital. His relatives and neighbours confirmed that he had recently been suffering from depression.
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PMID:An unusual suicide with parenteral copper sulphate poisoning: a case report. 1806 45

The present study reports on the findings from an ICMR supported Research Project on the mental health consequences and service needs of the population of an urban slum in Delhi affected by an intermediate fire disaster. The study was aimed at examining the prevalence, the pattern and the predictors of mental health morbidity in the disaster affected population. Modified cohort design was used , with a control group, and two stage assessments for the prevalence of psychiatric disorder at two years after the disaster, with GHQ-12 and SCAN based clinical interview with ICD-10-DCR.. The data were analysed using r2 test and independent 't' test for inter group comparison and stepwise logistic regression for finding predictors of psychiatric morbidity and psychological ill health. The prevalence of psychiatric disorders was significantly higher (78/1,000 v/s 22/1,000), and the prevalence of psychological ill health was also higher (232/1000 v/s 50/1000), as compared to the control group. The commonest psychiatric disorders were Depression, Substance Use Disorders, Generalised Anxiety Disorder, and Somatoform Disorders. The commonest symptoms of psychological ill health were suggestive of depression. Age and participation in relief work were found to be strong predictors, and physical injuries were found to be a weak predictor of mental health morbidity. The findings have important implications in the service delivery and research on mental health aspects of disasters, which are highlighted and discussed.
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PMID:Prevalence, pattern and predictors of mental health morbidity following an intermediate disaster in an urban slum in delhi : a modified cohort study. 2120 75

Although India is in the grip of HIV/AIDS epidemic, not much information is available on clinico-epidemiological and socio-behavioral aspects of people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA). This study analyzed these features using standard methodologies in 82 HIV sero-positives, AIDS patients attending ART clinic of three major government hospitals of Delhi. Majority of the patients (73%) were found to be young (<40 years) and married (79%). As high as 91.5% came from low socio-economic class and more than 95% acquired HIV transmission through heterosexual routes. A large proportion (63%) of these patients reported an extremely high level of anxiety, moderate level of stress and a borderline level of clinical depression. While most of the patients (72%) were well-adjusted with the ART, the rest of the patients reported difference in making adjustment with the treatment schedules. The study suggests that counseling and supportive therapy could play a pivotal role in controlling anxiety, stress, depression and rehabilitating people with HIV/AIDS.
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PMID:Clinico-epidemiological and Socio-behavioral Study of People Living with HIV/AIDS. 2179 55

50 women undergoing hysterectomy at Smt. Surheta Kriplani Hospital, New Delhi, when compared with age and parity matched 25 control cases on neuroticism and depression scales showed statistically insignificant difference at various points of time. The improvement in both groups was insignificant one week after procedure but became significant after I weeks (p< 0.01). The neuroticism or depression in study cases was hardly attributable to hysterectomy. The marital as well as social adjustments after 4 weeks of procedure were either unchanged or improved. It is emphasized that an attempt should be made to identify the patients who are more prone to get psychiatric disturbance in order to prevent or minimise these psychiatric disturbances.
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PMID:Psychiatric reactions in hysterectomy. 2192 27

Type 2 diabetes has escalated in urban India in the past two decades. Historically a disease of the affluent, recent epidemiological evidence indicates rising diabetes incidence and prevalence in urban India's middle class and working poor. Although there is substantial qualitative data about people with diabetes from high-income countries, scant resources provide insight into diabetes experiences among those in India, and lower-income groups specifically. In this article, we use individual-level analysis of illness narratives to understand how people experience and understand diabetes across income groups in Delhi, India. We conducted in-depth qualitative interviews and administered the Hopkins Symptoms Check-List (HSCL-25) to evaluate depression among 59 people with diabetes in northeast Delhi between December 2011 and February 2012. We analyzed their responses to: 1) what caused your diabetes?; 2) what do you find most stressful in your daily life?; and 3) where do you seek diabetes care? We found few people held diabetes beliefs that were congruent with socio-spiritual or biomedical explanatory models, and higher income participants commonly cited "tension" as a contributor to diabetes. Stress associated with children's futures, financial security, and family dynamics were most commonly reported, but how these subjective stresses were realized in people's lives varied across income groups. Depression was most common among the poorest income group (55%) but was also reported among middle- (38%) and high-income (29%) participants. One-quarter of respondents reported diabetes distress, but only those from the low-income community reported co-occurring depression and these respondents often revealed poor access to diabetes care. These data suggest that lower-income populations not only have higher rates of depression but also may be more likely to delay health care and therefore develop diabetes complications. This research has many implications for public health care in India as diabetes prevalence shifts to affect lower income groups who concurrently experience higher rates of depression and poorer access to medical care.
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PMID:Stress and diabetes in socioeconomic context: a qualitative study of urban Indians. 2311 Oct 63


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