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 172,036 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

We examined in a controlled study whether psychologic disturbances in men with peptic ulcer disease were related to other potential ulcer "risk factors" (serum pepsinogen concentrations, cigarette smoking, and intake of alcohol, aspirin, or coffee). Psychopathology in general, personality features of hostility, irritability, and hypersensitivity, and impaired coping ability (low ego strength) each correlated significantly with serum pepsinogen concentration in ulcer patients (p less than or equal to 0.005). Cigarette smoking and intake of alcohol and aspirin were increased in ulcer patients but unrelated to psychopathology. Depression was the variable that best discriminated ulcer patients from nonulcer controls; a negative perception of life events, number of relatives with ulcer, and serum pepsinogen I concentration also had a major, unique discriminating value, whereas smoking played a relatively minor role independent of the other variables examined. Our study supports the concept that several interacting factors (psychologic, behavioral, and genetic/physiologic) are likely involved in peptic ulcer disease. Emotional stress may predispose to ulcers by producing gastric hypersecretion, as manifested by hyperpepsinogenemia.
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PMID:Life events stress and psychosocial factors in men with peptic ulcer disease. II. Relationships with serum pepsinogen concentrations and behavioral risk factors. 333 9

Morphofunctional studies of muscles, heart, liver and kidneys after different periods of compression and decompression, as well as literature data indicate that crush syndrome is one of the most severe forms of traumatic shock. A wide range of pathologic effects of catecholamines and other shock-causing agents in response to the emotional stress and pain occurs already at the compression period and results in hemodynamic disturbances in microcirculation of organs and tissues with the development of dystrophic and necrobiotic processes, depression of the monocytic phagocyte system and immune system. The consequences of shock are mostly manifest after decompression: hypercatecholaminemia, hypovolemia, intoxication with myolysis and pathogenic microflora products result in aggravation of monocytic phagocyte failure, as well as immune system, intravascular coagulation, membrane penetration insufficiency, cell necrosis. Monocytic macrophage depletion favours the progression of hepatic necrobiosis, formation of renal failure and detritus organization in the muscles of the extremities. Hypercatecholaminemia and hypoxia (leading to electrolyte-imbalance contractures of myofibrillar apparatus, metabolism disorder and intracellular conductivity disturbance) from the basis for cardiac insufficiency. Inadequate cardiac function, in its turn, maintains hemodynamic and hypoxic disturbances in tissues. Changes in renal blood flow, hemofiltration and tubular system are shown to reflect different aspects of pathogenesis of the acute renal failure in crush syndrome.
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PMID:[Morphology and pathogenetic problems of the crush syndrome]. 355 89

Ethological approach to studying mature P. hamadryas and M. mulatta males has revealed a wide spectrum of changes in individual and zoosocial behaviour in response to the administration of different alcohol doses and stress stimuli. It has been established that neuroendocrine basis for the depression of psychic and locomotor activities developing in conditions of alcohol intoxication and emotional stress is an extremely high release of catecholamines and the increase of glucocorticoid secretion accompanied by a sharp decrease in androgen products. It should be noted that the exposure to stress stimuli during consumption of small alcohol doses intensifies depression-like stress-induced behaviour of monkeys.
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PMID:[Psychopathological and hormonal manifestations of alcoholic intoxication and emotional stress in monkeys]. 359 34

Psychological and other factors are examined individually and collectively in relation to self-perceived chronic fatigue among a national sample of adults. It is found that the lifestyle variable physical activity and such psychological variables as self-reported depression, anxiety, and emotional stress are highly associated with fatigue and are independently predictive of it. Adults who are physically inactive or who experience any psychological problems are at much higher risk of feeling fatigue than those who are physically active or free from psychological problems. Women are more likely to feel fatigued than men, and heavier women are more likely to feel fatigue than lighter ones. No difference in degree of fatigue was found between heavier and lighter men.
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PMID:The epidemiology of self-perceived fatigue among adults. 371 61

It has been established that sodium hydroxybutyrate, prolactin, propranolol and ionol are capable of preventing the depression of the contractile function of the heart and of decreasing the glycogen level in the myocardium, provoked by emotional stress.
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PMID:[Pharmacological correction of the disorders of cardiac contractile function in stress]. 404 Jul 82

beta-Blockers are effective in the symptomatic relief of angina pectoris by decreasing myocardial oxygen demand during effort and emotional stress. Agents with ISA such as pindolol produce effective beta-blockade during effort or emotional stress while conferring significant protection from myocardial depression and bradycardia at rest. In addition, agents with ISA have been shown to depress respiratory function to a lesser extent and to induce fewer peripheral vascular side effects than compounds devoid of this property. These potential effects of ISA may be counterbalanced by the consideration that ISA may be undesirable in angina occurring at rest or at low exercise levels. Additional well-controlled trials in patients with angina and resting bradycardia or impaired left ventricular function are needed to further document the clinical importance of ISA.
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PMID:Clinical relevance of intrinsic sympathomimetic activity of beta blockers. 611 37

The effect of emotional stress due to the loss of a loved object such as an unborn child on some parameters of cell-mediated immunity was studied in 77 women who had undergone abortions. Based on their psychiatric reaction to this loss, these women were subdivided into 2 groups: 1) Group NA--those not accepting this loss and 2) Group A--those appearing to accept this loss. The response of lymphocytes from peripheral blood taken during the psychiatric interview to the mitogens phytochemagglutinin (PHA) and concanavalin-A (Con-A) in Group NA was compared with the lymphocyte response in blood from Group A. The percent of T-cells was also measured in the 2 groups. It was found that nonacceptance of the loss of a fetus correlated with a significant reduction in the proliferative response to both PHA and Con-A. The percent of T-cells remained constant across both groups. When each of the psychiatric parameters of anxiety, guilt, and despression were correlated separately with the immune response, the most marked effect was found in those women who had the highest score on the depression scale.
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PMID:Correlation between emotional reaction to loss of an unborn child and lymphocyte response to mitogenic stimulation in women. 660 50

In four studies psychological and psychophysiological correlations to anesthesiologically important factors were investigated. The most important preoperative emotions are anxiety, depression and asthenia. These emotions are part of the preoperative stress response. It was investigated which factors are correlated to these emotions and how these emotions correlate to physiological parameters, important in anesthesia. Sex, age, the quality of former experience of anesthesia and suffering of a chronic disease influence the degree of preoperative emotional stress. Cancer or the suspect of cancer increase preoperative anxiety. The preoperative psychological state correlates to blood pressure, heart rate and P-cortisol as well as to complications in anesthesia. There are two psychophysiological risk groups: Patients in a bad psychological state and patients in a good psychological state. Patients in the mean group have the best prognosis. Differences depending on the emotions anxiety depression and asthenia are described and discussed.
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PMID:[The preoperative mental state]. 671 9

In this investigation, 30 male post-myocardial infarction patients and 30 male control subjects matched according to age and occupation were given a 12-minute tape-recorded stress quiz described by Schiffer et al. Cardiovascular responses (electrocardiogram, heart rate, systolic, blood pressure, and diastolic blood pressure) to emotional stimuli were monitored in a laboratory setting at rest before the quiz and at two-minute intervals during the quiz. Heart rate and blood pressure values were significantly higher during the quiz than at rest for both patient and control groups. There was a significantly higher response for diastolic pressure and a significantly lower response for heart rate in the patient group compared with the control group. In the analysis for occupational status in the entire population, systolic pressure was significantly higher for the executives than for non-executives. Subgroup analyses of patients with angina, hypertension and/or ECG changes (N = 12) revealed a significantly higher diastolic pressure response than found in either the patients without these symptoms (N = 18) or in the controls (N = 30). In comparison to exercise test results, the emotional stress test (quiz) elicited somewhat more PVC's but less ST segment depression. These results support previous reports suggesting that emotional stress testing may be a valid tool in the diagnosis of coronary heart disease and in determining the physiological mechanisms which underlie the association between emotional stress and coronary heart disease.
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PMID:Cardiovascular responses to emotional stress (quiz interview) in post-myocardial infarction patients and matched control subjects. 705 23

Stress situations are present in a developing country, and a few of the common problems usually seen by a GP are briefly described. Causes of emotional stress include: (a) interpersonal differences between family members, neighbours, etc.; (b) differences with ancestral spirits; (c) going against accepted traditional taboos; (d) differences with traditional leaders, chiefs, traditional healers (inyangas) and people who cast spells. The clinical presentation includes (a) conversion syndrome (hysteria); (b) headache; (c) inexplicable pains; (d) 'something moving up and down in one's body; (e) palpitations; (f) pain in the heart; (g) symptoms of depression; and (h) frank psychosis. Diagnosis may be difficult and is usually by exclusion. Gaining the confidence of the patient is important; ignorance of the patient's language and customs puts the doctor at a disadvantage. Where symptoms are of long standing, treatment is difficult, prognosis poor, and most cases need to be referred to a psychiatrist.
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PMID:Aspects of stress among traditionally living people in a developing country. 707 18


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