Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0011570 (depression)
 172,036 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A case of E. canis in a 7 year old intact female bearded collie is described and possible clinical signs of Ehrlichiosis are discussed. Non-specific findings included elevated rectal temperature, depression and anorexia. Additional findings were generalized lymphadenomegaly, myalgia and painful swollen joints. Significant changes in the CBC were leucopenia and thrombocytopenia. The positive E. canis titer of 1:40 and rising titer to 1:160 were specific for Ehrlichiosis. Doxycycline and prednisolone were needed to obtain clinical remission, which underlines, that immune-mediated processes are important in the pathogenesis of Ehrlichiosis.
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PMID:[Ehrlichiosis in dogs: literature review and case description]. 141 20

Eight adult cats were inoculated IV (n = 6) or SC (n = 2) with Ehrlichia risticii-infected P388D1 (continuous murine macrophage) cells or with E risticii released from P388D1 cells. Three additional cats were inoculated with organism-free P388D1 cultured monocytes, and 1 cat, which served as a medium control was inoculated with balanced salt solution. Clinical signs of illness were observed in the IV inoculated cats from which E risticii was isolated. One cat developed intermittent diarrhea between postinoculation days (PID) 8 and 18, and the other cat developed lymphadenopathy, acute depression, and anorexia between PID 20 and 24. Ehrlichia risticii was isolated in cultures from 2 of 6 IV inoculated cats on PID 6, 10, and 17. Both cats were inoculated with E risticii released from the P388D1 cells. Ehrlichia risticii was not isolated from SC inoculated cats or from control cats. All 8 cats inoculated with E risticii seroconverted between PID 10 and 23. A pony inoculated with E risticii isolated from 1 of the inoculated cats developed clinical signs of equine monocytic ehrlichiosis including fever, anorexia, depression, and mild colic. Ehrlichia risticii was isolated from the blood of this pony on PID 7, 9, 11, and 16.
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PMID:Susceptibility of cats to infection with Ehrlichia risticii, causative agent of equine monocytic ehrlichiosis. 307 Nov 94

Fifty-five horses were inoculated IV and/or SC with materials containing Ehrlichia risticii, ie, infected whole blood, buffy coat cells, or cell culture, to study clinical and hematologic features of equine monocytic ehrlichiosis (Potomac horse fever). Major clinical and hematologic features of induced E risticii infection were biphasic increase in rectal temperature with peak increases of 38.9 C and 39.3 C on postinoculation days (PID) 5 and 12, respectively; depression; anorexia; decreased WBC count (maximal decrease of 47% on PID 12); and diarrhea from PID 14 to PID 18. Increased WBC count was an inconsistent feature, with a maximal increase of 51.5% on PID 20. During times of decreased and increased WBC counts, lymphocyte/neutrophil ratios remained fairly constant. However, not all horses had all clinical and hematologic features, and these features were present in different degrees among horses. Increased rectal temperature, depression, anorexia, and decreased WBC count were more consistent features, whereas diarrhea developed in 73% of the horses. Of 55 horses, 39 (71%) had all clinical and hematologic features of the disease (classic disease), whereas 16 (29%) horses did not have greater than or equal to 1 of these features (nonclassic disease). The E risticii titer in the blood (ehrlichemia) was maximum during the peak increase in rectal temperature. In 55 horses, mortality was 9%. Significant differences (P greater than 0.5) in clinical and hematologic features were not detected between horses that survived and those that died of E risticii infection.
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PMID:Disease features in horses with induced equine monocytic ehrlichiosis (Potomac horse fever). 318 92

Adult dogs 1 to 5 were inoculated IV and/or SC with 3, 5, or 6 ml of a suspension containing 1.2 x 10(4) Ehrlichia risticii-infected cells (derived from primary canine monocyte cell cultures)/ml. Dogs 6 to 8 were inoculated IV and/or SC with 3 or 6 ml of 1.2 x 10(5) organism-free cultured canine monocytes/ml. Ehrlichia risticii was isolated in cultures from inoculated dogs 3, 4, and 5 on postinoculation days (PID) 10 to 16, but not from dogs 6 to 8. Dogs inoculated with E risticii seroconverted between PID 6 and 12. Clinical signs of illness were not observed in these 5 E risticii-inoculated dogs. A pony, inoculated with E risticii isolated from inoculated dog 5, developed clinical signs of equine monocytic ehrlichiosis, including fever, anorexia, depression, and diarrhea, and E risticii was isolated from the pony's blood. This E risticii isolate was then inoculated into susceptible dog 9, and E risticii was repeatedly isolated from dog 9 during PID 6 to 17. Dogs were susceptible to infection with E risticii and may serve as a reservoir of the organism in the field.
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PMID:Susceptibility of dogs to infection with Ehrlichia risticii, causative agent of equine monocytic ehrlichiosis (Potomac horse fever). 322 56

Case records of horses with equine ehrlichiosis (Ehrlichia equi) at the University of California Veterinary Medical Teaching Hospital and Ackerman Creek Large Animal Clinic were analyzed for evaluation of clinical signs, time of onset, hematologic values, response to treatment, and recovery. Equine ehrlichiosis was found to be seasonal in horses in the foothills of northern California, with higher incidence than reported previously. The horses developed fever, anorexia, depression, limb edema, icterus, and ataxia. Hematologic changes were leukopenia, thrombocytopenia, icterus, anemia, and inclusion bodies in the neutrophils and eosinophils. Diagnosis was made by observing the characteristic inclusion bodies, using a standard Wright's stain. Mortality was low, although complications of opportunistic secondary infection and injury due to ataxia did develop. Treatment with tetracycline resulted in prompt clinical improvement within 24 hours. Chronic cases were not detected. Equine ehrlichiosis should be differentiated from diseases with similar clinical signs including encephalitis, liver disease, purpura hemorrhagica, equine infectious anemia, and equine viral arteritis.
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PMID:Equine ehrlichiosis in northern California: 49 cases (1968-1981). 355 86

Rocky Mountain spotted fever (RMSF) or ehrlichiosis was diagnosed in dogs on the basis of specific immunofluorescent testing for each disease. Comparisons between clinical and laboratory findings were made between the 2 diseases. The incidence of RMSF tended to be more seasonal and it affected younger dogs. Purebred dogs appeared to be more susceptible to both diseases. In general, RMSF had a more rapid and severe course of clinical illness than did ehrlichiosis, but acute ehrlichiosis was difficult to differentiate from RMSF. Both diseases were characterized by fever, depression, lymphadenopathy, and signs of neurologic dysfunction; petechial hemorrhages or other signs of hemorrhagic diathesis were evident only in a small proportion of cases. Anemia, leukopenia, and thrombocytopenia were more common in dogs with ehrlichiosis, whereas those with RMSF more often had leukocytosis and thrombocytopenia. Hypoalbuminemia was found in dogs with both diseases, but those with ehrlichiosis usually had concurrent hyperglobulinemia. High serum alkaline phosphatase activity and serum cholesterol concentration, and low serum calcium concentration were more common in dogs with RMSF than with ehrlichiosis. Rising serum titers or positive direct immunofluorescence for Rickettsia rickettsii in skin biopsy specimens were used to confirm RMSF, whereas a single serum titer for Ehrlichia canis enabled detection of ehrlichiosis. In the absence of neurologic deficits and when dogs were treated with tetracycline, dogs with RMSF made a more rapid and consistent recovery than did dogs with ehrlichiosis.
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PMID:Rocky Mountain spotted fever in dogs and its differentiation from canine ehrlichiosis. 397 6

Two pregnant mares diagnosed as having equine monocytic ehrlichiosis based on history, clinical signs, and high serum antibody titers to Ehrlichia risticii aborted subsequent to recovery from illness. Mare 1 and mare 2 experienced clinical illness at 120 and 143 days of gestation and aborted at 203 and 226 days of gestation, respectively. The fetuses were expelled in fresh condition, and both mares retained their placentas upon abortion. Gross findings for the fetuses included meconium staining and petechiation of external surfaces. Internally, there was increased volume of feces within the small and large intestines and liver discoloration with enlargement. Microscopic findings included lymphohistiocytic enterocolitis, hepatitis, and myocarditis. Lymphoid hyperplasia and depletion were present in spleen, thymus, and lymph nodes. Ehrlichia risticii was recovered from bone marrow, spleen, lymph node, colon, and liver of the first fetus and bone marrow and colon of the second fetus. Electron microscopic evaluation of the organism isolated in cell culture revealed morphology consistent with E. risticii. The isolated organism was inoculated into a naive pony, and this pony developed high levels of antibody against E. risticii, became ehrlichemic, and developed clinical signs of depression, anorexia, and mild diarrhea. These findings confirm that E. risticii is an abortifacient under conditions of natural infection and should be considered as a differential diagnosis of equine abortions.
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PMID:Identification of Ehrlichia risticii as the causative agent of two equine abortions following natural maternal infection. 761 2

Equine granulocytic ehrlichiosis (EGE) has been observed in the U.S.A., Brazil, Germany, Sweden, Switzerland and possibly in Great Britain. The causative agent is rickettsia Ehrlichia equi, identified for the first time in 1969. The clinical features of the disease are anorexia, fever, depression, (limb) oedema, icterus, ataxia, petechiae and orchitis. Hematologic changes are leukopenia, thrombocytopenia, anemia and cytoplasmic inclusion bodies in the neutrophils and eosinophils. Vasculitis may be observed at autopsy. Following a positive hematological diagnosis (Giemsa stained blood smear) of EGE, treatment with oxytetracycline can be initiated.
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PMID:[Equine granulocytic ehrlichiosis (EGE), a review]. 838 99

One hundred cases of monocytic ehrlichiosis diagnosed in Israeli dogs were confirmed by the presence of anti-Ehrlichia canis indirect immunofluorescent antibody titres greater than 1:40. The disease occurred in all age groups and there was no sex predilection. German shepherd dogs were significantly over-represented whereas crossbreed dogs were significantly under-represented (P > 0.0005). The most common clinical signs were depression, lethargy, lymphadenomegaly, fever, anorexia, panting, pale mucous membranes and bleeding, of which epistaxis was most common. Thrombocytopenia, anaemia (mainly normocytic normochromic) and lymphopenia were the predominant haematological findings. Forty-nine of the 100 cases were followed up for a year. Thirty-two dogs survived and 17 died. A Cox proportional hazards regression model was used to examine the effect of host, environmental, and haematological prognostic factors on survival. It was concluded that severe anaemia, severe leucopenia, pancytopenia, a tendency to bleed (especially epistaxis) and being a German shepherd dog were important indicators of poor survival in cases of monocytic ehrlichiosis in dogs.
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PMID:Canine monocytic ehrlichiosis: a retrospective study of 100 cases, and an epidemiological investigation of prognostic indicators for the disease. 935 Nov 83

Equine granulocytic and monocytic ehrlichiosis caused by Ehrlichia equi and E. risticii, respectively, are seasonal diseases in horses that occur throughout the United States E. equi is transmitted by lxodes ticks and causes high fever, depression, anorexia, limb edema, petechiation, icterus, ataxia, and stiffness in gait. E. risticii, also known as the agent of Potomac horse fever, causes a febrile illness with a colitis of variable severity. Its occurrence is associated with aquatic habitats. The natural route of transmission is oral, through the ingestion of E. risticii infected trematode stages either free in water or in an intermediate host, such as aquatic animals.
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PMID:Ehrlichial diseases. 1121 45


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