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Query: UMLS:C0011570 (depression)
 172,036 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The dual diagnoses of alcoholism and antisocial personality are frequently associated with suicide attempts. A group of 94 alcoholics with antisocial personality were divided on the basis of a previous suicide attempt. A variety of symptoms, including depression, alcohol and drug abuse, conduct disorder, and violence were found more frequently in the suicide attempter group as reported on the structured interview. These emotional problems were additionally found to have an earlier onset. The results were consistent with the concept of secondary sociopathy and indicated that higher psychopathology may be associated with suicide behavior.
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PMID:Suicide attempts in antisocial alcoholics. 365 71

The relationship between family violence and psychiatric disorders was examined using standardized diagnostic interviews of 1200 randomly selected residents of a large Canadian city. The results showed that higher than expected proportions of those exhibiting violent behavior had a psychiatric diagnosis and the rate of violent behaviors in those with diagnoses (54.4%) significantly (p less than .0001) exceeds the rate in the remainder of the sample (15.5%). Particularly high rates of violence are found in those where alcoholism is combined with antisocial personality disorder and/or recurrent depression (80-93%). Also at high risk for violence are those who have made suicide attempts (over 50%) and those who have been arrested for non-traffic offences (two-thirds). These data suggest that psychiatric disorders have a strong relationship to violent behavior, and are not in agreement with the predominantly sociological explanations of family violence.
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PMID:Family violence and psychiatric disorder. 369 4

The present study focused on the emotional and physical health problems of battered women by comparing a sample of residents in shelters with a group of women in the community matched for family income, length of marriage, and number of children on the General Health Questionnaire. The results indicated that battered women report a significantly higher level of somatic complaints, anxiety, and depression. These effects tended to be associated with other life stressors and children with serious behavior problems. The implications of the study are discussed in terms of assessing the needs of battered women and their children as well as being vigilant for family violence as an etiological factor for other presenting problems.
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PMID:Emotional and physical health problems of battered women. 377 89

The events implicated during a suicidal crisis reveal different depressive patterns sometimes unknown before the suicide: pathological idealisation, pathology of mourning, suicidal identification, Tellenbach's melancholic personality, non-acceptance of growing old, anaclitic depression produce a large number of serious suicides, often facilitated by alcohol intoxication. The mechanisms of violence which persist after the suicidal act and the imaginary position of the person in relation to death are also important risk factors.
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PMID:[Suicide: study of events related to patterns of mental functioning of certain subjects at high risk for suicide. Data from the emergency service of a general hospital]. 382 64

This overview of suicidal behavior of children and adolescents covers aspects of epidemiology and risk factors. The risk factors can be classified as early developmental experiences, expression of affects, and current environmental situations. These risk factors include depression, aggression, parental suicidal behavior, family losses, and family violence and depression.
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PMID:Self-destructive behavior in children and adolescents. 389 89

The manifest dream content of psychiatric in-patients who had been admitted because of suicidal attempts was compared with three in-patient control groups, patients who had been admitted for: a) depression and suicidal ideation without attempt; b) depression with no suicidal ideation and; c) commission of a violent act without suicidality. Standardized tests of dream content were used as well as the Beck scale for depression and certain subscales of the MMPI. The results confirmed that both suicidal and violent patients have more death content and destructive violence in their dreams, but that this was a function of the severity of depression and certain character traits such as impulsivity rather than being specific to the behaviour itself. The dream content is continuous with, and probably reflects, the waking state in the case of the depressives. On the other hand some of the findings require a more complex dynamic explanation lending some support to the idea that the dream may have an adaptive function.
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PMID:A comparison of the manifest content in dreams of suicidal, depressed and violent patients. 394 5

In a cohort of 99 families with a newborn infant in a multi-ethnic poor socio-economic municipality 35 mothers were depressed during the first year. While the clinical manifestations of depression in Australian-born and immigrant mothers were similar, there were differences in some aetiological factors. Immigrant mothers who had recently arrived in Australia, were unable to speak English and did not have a supporting social network had a significantly higher rate of depression. Depressed Australian-born mothers often had unhappy, unstable and insecure childhoods, having been reared in families with marital disruption, violence, alcoholism and desertion. Some also had previous depressive episodes. A strong supporting social network, especially by the father, and also by the extended family and friends, was significant in preventing depression. Behavioural problems in infants and preschool children were more common in families with depressed mothers.
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PMID:Depression in mothers in a multi-ethnic urban industrial municipality in Melbourne. Aetiological factors and effects on infants and preschool children. 398 Jun 15

Although adolescents are severely and chronically physically abused, relatively little attention has been directed towards understanding this phenomenon. This study explored the family characteristics and the behavioral-emotional reactions of 77 adolescents who were physically maltreated. The youths were selected at a number of sites including a runaway shelter, a hospital-based child abuse team, and a protective service unit. Six different patterns of adolescent reaction to abuse were identified: acting-out, depression, generalized anxiety, extreme adolescent adjustment, emotional-thought disturbance, and helplessness-dependency. Abuse toward these youth had been ongoing for an average of nearly five years. As there were no differences in family characteristics and emotional-behavioral reactions between subjects who were abused only during adolescence (including single-incident abuse) and subjects for whom family violence was evident from childhood on, the utility of a developmentally specific system of abuse categorization is questioned. It is suggested that it is the pattern of parent and child interaction rather than the course of the maltreatment that is related to the emotional and behavioral dysfunction of the adolescent victim.
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PMID:The maltreated adolescent: patterns of physical abuse. 400 60

Twelve assaultive psychiatric patients who had provided visible cues (i.e., verbal threats) of potential violence were compared on Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale factor scores with 13 patients who had not provided such cues. These groups differed from one another and from a group of 253 nonassaultive patients on one or more of the following dimensions: thinking disorder, withdrawal-retardation, anxious depression, hostile-suspiciousness, and activation. In addition, the factor scores significantly predicted the occurrence of violence among patients who did not exhibit visible cues.
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PMID:Characteristics of assaultive patients who do and do not provide visible cues of potential violence. 407 2

An inverse relation has been suggested between the incidence of depressive illness and the opportunity to externalize aggressive behaviour. The riot situation in Belfast in 1969-70 provided an opportunity to study this hypothesis. The incidences of depressive illness in the city and a neighbouring peaceful rural county were compared over a number of years. Data regarding age, sex, area of the city, and type of depression were obtained. The city was divided into areas and four of these were studied in detail. Similar data were obtained for persons showing aggressive behaviour.There was a significant decrease in depressive illness in Belfast in both sexes and all age groups. This was more pronounced in males but the decrease was confined to those in social groups IV and V. The decrease was more significant in riot areas. The suicide rate fell by almost 50% and there was a noticeable increase in the rates of homicide and crimes of violence. In contrast the rural county showed a sharp increase in male depressives.
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PMID:Depressive illness and aggression in Belfast. 500 60


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