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Query: UMLS:C0011570 (depression)
 172,036 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The perfusion urethrotonometry was used in this study in 34 patients both in lying and upright position as paired comparisons. The following problems could be solved: 1. Using the complex urodynamic unit of the authors examinations are possible in vertical position successfully. 2. The urethral pressure profiles are equivalent qualitatively in both examination positions. 3. The analysis of the profiles of both positions on principles demonstrates the same valuation. In case of incontinence the relevant parameters for diagnosis (functional length of urethra in stress profile, electronically registered urethral closure pressure in stressful situation, transmission and depression factor and stress quotient) show clearer in the upright position than in the lying one. In continent women the change of position has no significant influence. If the criteria in lying position are not well defined, the urethral pressure profile in upright position should be done as additional examination.
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PMID:[New aspects of the Heidenreich and Beck perfusion method in urodynamics. II: Effect of examination position on parameters of urethral pressure profile]. 668 74

Haemostasis of Santorini's venous plexus during radical prostatectomy or total cystoprostatectomy is a delicate phase of the procedure which facilitates the conditions of the surgery and the postoperative course. Based on a series of 150 prostatectomies, the authors describe their technique using Babcock forceps for "en bloc "ligation of the venous plexus. After opening the pelvic aponeurosis and section of the puboprostatic ligaments, a Babcock forceps is placed above the urethra and prostatic apex, including all of Santorini's plexus enclosed by its fibrous tissue, allowing exposure of the abascular plane of cleavage situated between the anterior surface of the urethra and this plexus. Klikenberg scissors are then introduced into the depression formed underneath the jaws of the Babcock forceps and are guided by the index finger into the symmetrical depression of the other side. The hypogastric connective tissue is perforated lateromedially and the scissors are gently opened to enlarge the passage. A right-angle dissector is then inserted and grips n.1 or 2 absorbable suture material which, after removing the Babcock forceps, is used to tie all of the anterior venous complex. This technical device allows a more reproducible and standardised approach to this operative step.
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PMID:[The use of the Babcock forceps for hemostasis of the pre-prostatic veins in radical prostatectomy of total cystoprostatectomy]. 785 31

The effects of acupuncture-like stimulation on the tone of the partially filled bladder and on the periurethral electromyogram (EMG) were examined in urethane-anesthetized rats. Acupuncture-like stimuli were usually applied to the skin and underlying muscles (or other structures), either separately or together, for a period of 1 min; the effects were studied in spinal cord intact and in spinalized animals. Maps have been constructed showing the effects of acupuncture-like stimulation at different sites on the body surface and of similar stimulation applied to individual muscles, the urethra and the testis. When acupuncture-like stimuli were applied to the skin and underlying structures, in the rostral half of the body and the hindpaw, testis or urethra, these stimuli usually induced excitation of periurethral EMG activity. Depression of EMG activity was seen predominantly during stimulation of structures close to the urethra, but not opposed to it. When acupuncture-like stimuli were applied only to structure beneath the skin, depression of EMG activity usually occurred. Acupuncture-like stimulation of the bulbocavernosus, which partly overlies the proximal urethra produced depression of EMG activity in 50% of trials, but the incidence of similar effects from the more distant pubococcygeus, or the dorsal or ventral sacrococcygeal muscles was about 90-100%. Acupuncture-like stimulation for 1 min could produce either excitation or depression of periurethral EMG activity lasting about 5 or 6 min, depending on the site of insertion and rotation of the acupuncture needles. Excitation of short duration (less than 3 min) was consistently observed from areas of the body distant to the bladder, i.e. the nose, forepaw, forelimb, chest, abdominal wall and hindpaw. Longer lasting excitation of EMG activity was often seen from the penile urethra, perineal area and hindlimb. Depression of EMG activity with a duration of more than 3 min was consistently seen from the muscles at the base of the tail (sacrococcygeus) and perineal area (pubococcygeus and bulbocavernosus). The bladder was partially filled in these experiments, so that micturition contractions were never seen; acupuncture-like stimulation of the perineal area induced some increase in bladder tone in 40% of trials. In spinalized animals, the pattern of activity induced by acupuncture-like stimulation was similar to that seen in spinal cord intact animals and the durations of the effects were not significantly different in these two groups. The distribution of sites from which acupuncture-like stimuli can influence the activity of the lower urinary tract is discussed.
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PMID:Long-lasting facilitation and depression of periurethral skeletal muscle following acupuncture-like stimulation in anesthetized rats. 853 13

Loss of rear motor control is the main limiting factor in the use of caudal epidural anesthesia in the horse. In man and laboratory animals, a small dose of an opiate combined with a local anesthetic enhances analgesia without impairing motor function. Thus, the amount of local anesthetic administered may be reduced. Butorphanol is an opiate widely used in horses. It has a good margin of safety and few cardiorespiratory effects. The effects of lidocaine (0.25 mg/kg) and lidocaine-butorphanol (0.25 mg/kg, and 0.04 mg/kg, respectively) were compared in 2 groups of 5 healthy unsedated mares. Horses in each group received either lidocaine or lidocaine-butorphanol in saline solution for a total volume of 0.0165 mg/kg. Epidural injection was performed at the first coccygeal interspace. Each mare was used only once. Cutaneous analgesia was assessed by a response to a pin prick; and visceral analgesia was assessed by response to a noxious stimulus applied to the urethra. Heart rate, respiratory rate, and arterial blood pressure were also measured. Analysis of the results showed an increase in duration of both cutaneous and visceral analgesia in the mares given lidocaine-butorphanol. Cutaneous analgesia increased from 36 +/- 13 to 150 +/- 21 min and visceral analgesia increased from 22 +/- 10 to 162 +/- 16 min. A cranial extension of the cutaneous analgesia was also observed. Cardiorespiratory depression or signs of excitation were not observed. However, these mares demonstrated peculiar walking in the hind limbs, not associated with signs of ataxia or hyperkinesia.
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PMID:[Use of a mix of lidocaine and butorphanol as a caudal epidural anesthesia in a mare]. 902 2

A male pitbull terrier was presented with a history of stranguria and depression. On clinical and radiological examination a suspected necrogranuloma of the caudal os penis, which obstructed the urethra, was found. The necrogranuloma was removed surgically and contained blood and necrotic tissue as well as several adult male and female Ancylostoma caninum worms. The urethral obstruction resulted in post-renal azotaemia, hydronephrosis and eventually bladder rupture. A rare case of aberrant migration of A. caninum to the os penis of a dog is described.
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PMID:Aberrant migration of Ancylostoma caninum to the os penis of a dog. 912 Aug 64

The understanding of pharmacology of impotence has shown a steady improvement over the last 15 years which has resulted in a better appreciation of the neurovascular mechanisms of the erectile process especially at the level of the corpora cavernosa; however, central mechanisms which control libido and erection are not yet completely elucidated. Frequent diseases most commonly encountered in elderly patients--i.e. diabetes, hypertension, atherosclerosis, depression, etc--represent a frequent cause of erectile dysfunction (ED) and are treated with medications that can interfere with sexual functioning at the central and/or peripheral level. Antidepressants, including the tricyclics and the monoamine oxidase inhibitors, have been implicated in ED, decreased libido, and impaired ejaculation. Most antihypertensives have been associated with some erectile impairment, but diuretics seem to have little effect on erectile function. The calcium channel blockers and ACE inhibitors are associated with a low incidence of ED. Sympatholytic antihypertensives seldom cause importence but can cause retrograde ejaculation because of the relaxation of the smooth muscles in the prostatic urethra and bladder neck. The most commonly prescription drugs that can affect sexual function are briefly discussed and an integrated pharmacological approach to the patient with drug-induced ED is proposed.
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PMID:[Pharmacology of male sexual dysfunction]. 969 33

Female genital mutilation is associated with immediate, long-term, pregnancy-related, and psychosexual complications. Immediate complications can cause death and include severe pain, shock, hemorrhage, tetanus or sepsis, urine retention, ulceration of the genital region, and injury to adjacent tissues. Long-term complications include formation of cysts, abscesses, and keloid scars, damage to the urethra resulting in incontinence, painful sexual intercourse, sexual dysfunction, recurrent urinary tract infections, chronic pelvic inflammatory disease, and infertility. During child birth, survivors of female genital mutilation may require Cesarean section or suffer obstructed labor leading to fetal death and/or vesico-vaginal fistulae and large perineal tears. The psychological consequences of female genital mutilation may involve loss of trust and confidence in care-givers, feelings of incompleteness, anxiety, depression, chronic irritability, and sexual problems. In many women, flashbacks of the infibulation process are triggered by touch. Deinfibulation must be accompanied by adequate pain relief, but the use of local or epidural anesthesia is not appropriate.
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PMID:Consequences of genital mutilation. 1222 23

Urinary retention is generally believed to be the result of neurogenic or non-neurogenic problems. In men, it is often caused by benign prostatic hypertrophy which can be treated by transurethral surgery.1 In women, however, studies have shown that urinary retention is usually caused by detrusor dysfunction rather than obstruction. Surgery on the urethra or bladder neck is, therefore, inappropriate and ineffective. Once the cause of retention has been determined (i.e whether neurogenic or non-neurogenic in origin), appropriate treatment can be decided upon. The most common neurogenic problems are diabetes mellitus, multiple sclerosis and spinal cord pathologies.(1) Patients with non-neurogenic etiology associated with urinary retention are often found to have psychosocial problems that inhibit detrusor activity causing psychogenic retention.1-4 Studies have found that woman with a history of psychosis, depression and stress/anxiety have a higher incidence of urinary retention than woman with no history of such conditions. Psychological problems involving the loss of loved one, recent marriage break-up, abortion, pelvic surgery, etc. have been found to contribute to the incidence of urinary retention. There is another group of women who may or may not exhibit psychological problems associated with psychogenic urinary retention, but who may develop the same physical manifestations. These women have been sexually abused and have not fully resolved or realized the trauma of the assault. This paper looks at four cases or urinary retention in sexually abused woman, the treatments used and the results and conclusions obtained.
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PMID:Urinary retention in sexually abused women. 1280 8

Cystic hyperplasia of the prostate occurs spontaneously in senile dogs only when they possess physiologically effective amounts of androgenic hormone. The cysts are closely grouped and radially arranged in a conical manner with the base of the cone at the periphery of the gland. Flattened and columnar epithelium, varying from about 5 to 25micro are seen in each cyst. The cysts communicate with the urethra by way of ducts. Both normal and cystic prostates undergo marked atrophy when the testes are removed, the chief difference 3 months after orchiectomy being the persistence of slightly dilated clefts and spaces at the site of the former cysts in the senile state. In the castrate dog whose prostate gland is being reconstructed as result of the influence of daily injections of androgen, certain doses of estrogen prevent increase of secretion and still larger doses greatly depress the output of the gland. In dogs so treated by daily injections of testosterone propionate, 10 mg., the amount of secretion is maintained from day to day at a level by daily injections of stilbestrol, 0.4 to 0.6 mg. and greatly depressed by doses of 1 to 1.5 mg. When the larger amounts of estrogen are used, together with androgen, squamous metaplasia occurs in the posterior lobe of the prostate while the epithelium of the acini decreases in height to cuboidal or low columnar form; these histological signs of activity of both androgen and estrogen on the prostate show that inhibition of the male hormone by stilbestrol is incomplete at these ratios. In dogs with either normal or cystic prostate glands, the prostate decreases in size when estrogen is injected in amounts to depress prostatic secretion profoundly. The gland is maintained in an atrophic state and overdosage avoided by controlled periodic injections of stilbestrol until secretion is reduced to the minimum, followed by free intervals, the estrogen being again administered when secretion measurably increases. The shrinkage is related to depression of male hormone production. Overdosage of estrogen causes the prostate gland of dogs to enlarge, and structures of the posterior lobe and utriculus respond first and most markedly with metaplasia caused by this material. The prostatic enlargement does not resemble the common cystic hyperplasia of senile dogs. Metaplasia rapidly disappears from the prostate, and the epithelial structures quickly return to normal when estrogen is discontinued and androgen is administered.
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PMID:QUANTITATIVE STUDIES OF PROSTATIC SECRETION : II. THE EFFECT OF CASTRATION AND OF ESTROGEN INJECTION ON THE NORMAL AND ON THE HYPERPLASTIC PROSTATE GLANDS OF DOGS. 1987 Oct 58

A 54-year-old Caucasian male presented to our emergency department because he had self inserted a transparent plastic and flexible tube into the urethral meatus, during erotic games. A plain pelvic x-ray film and an abdominal ultrasound were executed to determine the size, shape, orientation and location of the foreign body, and any eventually associated visceral injuries or complications. As results, a long tube of about 50 cm was described entering the urethra and reaching the bladder cavity in which the tube was folded and wrapped, in absence of any visceral complication. The patient underwent an urgent urethrocystoscopy resulting in the retrieval of both the two recognized foreign bodies by an endoscopic basket extraction. To complete the therapeutic approach, we focused also on the possible psychiatric implications of the self insertion of a foreign body into the urethra, and the initial evaluation reached the diagnosis of depression. The self introduction of a foreign body into the urinary tract represents an index of potentially harmful "self-destructive" behaviors. If the self destructive and/or suicidal ideations are not recognized in the clinical setting and the patient subsequently self inflicts an injury or commits suicide, the urologist may face legal problems related to the lack of diagnosis and treatment, potentially interpretable as a medical error, and thus as a reckless conduct.
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PMID:Forensic implications in self-insertion of urethral foreign bodies. 2015 86


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