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 172,036 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

This paper presents results from a detailed assessment of the psycho-social adaptation of a group of adult women with Turner syndrome. Thirty subjects, 21 to 48 years of age, participated in an evaluation of social and psychiatric status. The evaluation included a semi-structured interview designed to assess current social functioning and past psychiatric and social history. Subjects completed two self-report questionnaires as well: the Tennessee Self-Concept Scale and the Carroll Rating Scale for Depression. The results reveal a significant subgroup of subjects reporting major psychiatric difficulties and endorsing a considerably impaired sense of self-esteem. These women presented as very dissatisfied with themselves and their lives. These findings are not consistent with previous reports in which women with Turner syndrome have been described as having an unusually high tolerance for stress and being emotionally inert.
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PMID:Psychosocial adjustment of adult women with Turner syndrome. 372 6

A patient with Turner's syndrome developed childhood depression at age 11 and exhibited symptoms of anorexia nervosa at age 17. Although this patient's eating habits normalized with treatment, the depressive symptoms persisted at 1-year follow-up. The possibility that anorexia nervosa may be secondary to a mood disorder in patients with Turner's syndrome is discussed.
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PMID:Concurrence of Turner's syndrome, anorexia nervosa, and mood disorders: case report. 400 57

Numerous studies have demonstrated a significant depression in performance IQ (PIQ) in Turner Syndrome (TS) females, but the neuropsychological interpretation of this finding remains unclear. The present study addressed the following questions regarding the neuropsychological phenotype in TS: Are TS women neuropsychologically impaired? Is the impairment lateralized and How consistent is the neuropsychological phenotype across TS individuals? Unlike previous studies, the present study utilized both normal and brain damaged female controls. All subjects were given an extended Halstead-Reitan neuropsychological battery. The TS females were significantly worse than normals but not significantly different from brain damaged females in their overall level of neuropsychological functioning. However, their impairment was not lateralized. Their pattern of lateralizing findings was similar to that found in the Diffuse and Normal groups, but significantly different from either the right or left unilateral lesion groups. Fairly consistent deficits were found on tests of visuospatial skills and long term memory, but there was considerable variability in all the other test findings among TS individuals. The results are discussed in relation to the recent findings (Inglis and Lawson, 1981) that verbal-performance IQ discrepancies may be unreliable indicators of lateralized cerebral dysfunction in females. Hence the depressed PIQ in TS appears not to indicate predominantly right hemisphere dysfunction and may not even indicate a consistent underlying neuropsychological phenotype.
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PMID:The neuropsychological phenotype in Turner syndrome. 405 26

An adolescent girl with short stature and learning disability was found to have an unusual variant of Turner's syndrome, 46X, del (X) (p 11) and an abnormal urinary sediment. Further studies demonstrated persistent depression of C3 and histologic evidence of membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis (MPGN). The occurrence of MPGN in this case may have been a manifestation of the known tendency for Turner patients to develop immunologic disease.
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PMID:Turner's syndrome, 46X, del (X) (p 11), persistent complement activation and membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis. 622 47

In this study we collected data on the cognitive abilities, psychosocial adjustment and psychopathology of 20 non-institutionalized adult Turner syndrome patients. The majority of them had a normal intelligence, most were socially well adapted and no high prevalence of psychopathology was noted. In only one patient evidence of a serious bipolar hypomanic disorder and antisocial personality was found, and in one other an episode of anorexia nervosa. Nevertheless, 50% of the women expressed feelings of low self-confidence, depression and social insecurity i.e. achieving a mature level of psycho-social functioning remains a problem for a number of Turner individuals. In the counseling process of adult Turner patients special attention should be given to the social and psychological functioning so that intervention can be made if social awkwardness and psychological well-being becomes a problem.
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PMID:Turner syndrome patients as adults: a study of their cognitive profile, psychosocial functioning and psychopathological findings. 826 23

This study evaluated the perception of stature, acceptance of therapy, and psychosocial functioning in relation to age at onset and time on treatment during 2 yr of GH therapy in 31 girls with Turner's syndrome grouped by age (group A: 3.7-5.8 yr, n = 9; group B: 7.2-11.8 yr, n = 13; group C: 12.5-16.4 yr, n = 9). The growth response after 2 yr was significant in the 3 groups when calculated in terms of growth norms for untreated Turner girls (mean increase in height SD score: +1.2, +1.5, and +1.1, respectively). The effect was less marked in terms of growth norms for normal girls, particularly in group B (+0.5 SD score). Height was perceived as a problem by most patients, except in the youngest girls at the start of treatment (group A) and in the majority of the adolescents after 2 yr of GH therapy (group C), without evidence of relation to growth response during therapy. The GH injections were fairly well accepted by all patients, except those younger than 6 yr. In all patients, expected adult height was unrealistic and became more realistic with age, whereas no consistent changes were observed in relation to growth response to GH therapy. The Child Behavior Checklist revealed elevated mean scores at the behavioral subscales of attention problems (group A and B), social problems, withdrawal, and anxiety-depression (most obviously in group B). No significant changes were seen during GH therapy. In group C, an elevated mean social problem score at the Youth Self Report and a low mean social self-esteem score at the Self-Esteem Inventory were observed before therapy and showed a significant improvement during 2 yr of GH treatment. These results, however, might be biased due to an increase in social desirability during therapy. We conclude that the perception of height, acceptance of GH therapy, and psychosocial functioning in girls with Turner's syndrome show important differences between age groups, with only slight changes observed during GH therapy.
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PMID:Age-related perception of stature, acceptance of therapy, and psychosocial functioning in human growth hormone-treated girls with Turner's syndrome. 958 45

Turner's syndrome is a sex chromosomal abnormality characterized by gonadal failure, short stature, skeletal and medical anomalies due to structural defects or monosomy of the X chromosome. The association between this syndrome and autoimmune diseases has been reported in the literature. This case report highlights the finding of two immunological skin diseases, alopecia areata and psoriasis, in an 18-year-old girl with Turner's syndrome. By the time of her referral to the Department of Dermatology, Verona University (Italy) the girl had suffered from psoriasis on the scalp for 5 years and alopecia for 6 months; the diagnoses were confirmed by histological evaluation. Topical therapy was useful for the treatment of the psoriatic lesions but not for the alopecia areata. Alopecia areata and psoriasis occurring together in Turner's syndrome may indicate some genetic relationship and could support the concept that these patients have the tendency to develop autoimmune or immunological diseases. Anxiety, depression and unsatisfactory relationships could have been important trigger factors in our patient. Multidisciplinary management, including psychological, educational and behavioural techniques, in addition to other therapies, could be useful in treating these conditions.
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PMID:Turner's syndrome associated with psoriasis and alopecia areata. 1260 69

Abnormalities in quality of life and cognitive measures have been observed in women with Turner syndrome (TS), and a relationship between these phenomena and chromosomal constitution has been suggested. In contrast, few studies have systematically evaluated the presence of mood and behavioral syndromes in these women. In this study, 100 TS women were administered the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM IV after a two-week period during which their hormone replacement had been discontinued. The majority of women who met criteria for a psychiatric condition had a mood or anxiety disorder. Overall, 52 (52%) of the TS women met criteria for a current or a past depressive or anxiety disorder. Eighteen of the women with TS met criteria for a current Axis I psychiatric disorder [Depression--major (n = 5), minor (n = 5), dysthymia (n = 1); Anxiety (n = 9)]. Forty-six of the women with TS met criteria for a past Axis I psychiatric illness [Depression: unipolar (n = 41), bipolar (n = 3); Anxiety (n= 7); eating disorder (n =6); substance dependence (n = 3)]. Five women with TS met criteria for an Axis II personality disorder. Women with TS reported a higher rate of lifetime depression compared with rates observed in community-based studies but similar to those obtained from gynecologic clinic samples.
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PMID:Current and lifetime psychiatric illness in women with Turner syndrome. 1572 28

It is common practice in the case of Turner syndrome (TS) to treat short stature with GH treatment and to induce puberty with estrogens at an age as close to normal puberty as possible. This approach in most cases leads to a height in the normal range in childhood, adolescence, and adulthood in TS. Little data is available, however, on its effect on psychosocial functioning. In the present study, we evaluated psychosocial functioning in a group of 50 women with TS, after reaching final height in two multicenter GH trials. Thirty-six girls participated in a randomized dose-response study from mean (SEM) age 6.8 (0.4) years, and 14 girls participated in a frequency-response study from age 13.2 (0.4) years. After discontinuation of long-term GH treatment, these 50 girls were evaluated for psychosocial functioning at a mean age of 18.8 (0.3) years. GH was given in a dosage of 4 IU/m2/day (approximately 0.045 mg/kg/day), 6 IU/m2/day, or 8 IU/m2/day. After a mean GH treatment duration of 7.1 (0.4) years, mean final height (ref. normal girls) was FH1.2 (0.2) SD score. Behavioral problem scores (Achenbach) of the TS women were comparable to normal Dutch peers. Although self-perception (Harter total scale: p < 0.01), and bodily attitude (Baardman: p < 0.05) was significantly less positive than for their normal Dutch peers, we found no evidence of depression. TS women rated their family functioning higher than their Dutch peers (p < 0.0001), and had a slightly different coping pattern. These results show that even after reaching a height in most cases within the normal range and puberty induction at a pubertal age, some women with TS still experience psychosocial problems. It is likely, however, that GH and estrogen treatment improved psychosocial functioning. Long-term follow-up of these GH-treated patients will allow an evaluation of their life achievements.
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PMID:Psychosocial functioning after discontinuation of long-term growth hormone treatment in girls with Turner syndrome. 1590 Jan 9

Self-esteem, depressive symptoms and anxiety symptoms in girls with Turner's syndrome (TS) were compared to those in girls with familial short stature (FSS) and healthy controls (NC). Eleven girls with TS, 9-17 years of age, all with 45,X0 karyotype, who were matched with 11 girls with FSS and 11 NC girls who had similar socio-demographic characteristics, were enrolled in the study. The Children's Depression Inventory (CDI), State-Trait Anxiety Inventory for Children (STAIC), and Piers-Harris Children's Self Concept Scale (PHSCS) were used to assess the extent of depression, anxiety and self reported self-esteem. The PHSCS means and standard deviations of the TS, FSS and NC groups were 56.2 +/- 6.7, 62.7 +/- 6.9, and 69.3 +/- 6.0, and the STAIC-state anxiety means and standard deviations were 30.6 +/- 4.5, 28.8 +/- 6.1, and 25.7 +/- 3.7, respectively. Study findings showed that girls with TS had lower self-esteem and higher state anxiety levels than NC (p <0.05). In spite of the small sample size, findings showed that girls with TS were at risk of psychological problems. Therefore, in addition to medical treatment and monitoring, girls with TS should also be supported psychologically by social, educational and psychotherapeutic interventions which aim to address their self-esteem and emotional difficulties.
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PMID:Depression, levels of anxiety and self-concept in girls with Turner's syndrome. 1645 58


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