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 172,036 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

In a group of 181 persons with a past history of chronic gastric ulcer, a greatly increased incidence of domestic and financial stress has been found, when compared with age-and sex-matched persons with no previous history of gastric ulcer. The consumption of aspirin, alcohol, and cigarettes was also significantly increased. Persons with chronic gastric ulcer were characterized by a personality pattern of independence and self sufficiency, and they are prone to anxiety and depression. This pattern was three times as common as in matched individuals without chronic gastric ulcer. It is possible that internal conflict between a genetic and an environmentally induced sex role, together with an inability to externalize aggression, may be significant factors in the causation of chronic gastric ulcer.
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PMID:Personality pattern and emotional stress in the genesis of gastric ulcer. 547 9

Gastric ulcer scars, which imply previous peptic ulcer disease, are visible with moderate frequency during double-contrast examinations. This article investigates the radiographic appearance of gastric ulcer scars and the frequency of their occurrence in two differing patient populations. Results with 35 gastric ulcers that were followed to healing indicate that most ulcer scars appear as folds converging toward the ulcer site, at times accompanied by a central depression and/or gross deformity of the stomach. Two series of 200 patients each who underwent double-contrast examinations suggest a 1 to 4% incidence of ulcer scars, dependent upon the population examined.
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PMID:Gastric ulcer scars. 724 41

475 patients with stomach ulcer (1984-1993) were studied using various methods: endoscopical, immunological, biochemical, bacteriological and morphological. Morphology of exacerbation and type of reparative processes in normal scarring and torpid course of disease are presented. Under adequate regeneration there is an activation of immune system, first that of T-cell compartment. Torpid course is characterized by a grave regeneration disturbance and depression of the immune system. The interpretation of the so-called "red scar" is given: it reflects different stages of the epithelial regeneration, however in 4.8% of duodenal ulcers and in 11.2% of stomach ulcers it masks a torpid course. Helicobacter pylori has no influence on the reparative processes. Adequately chosen therapy improves and accelerates ulcer scarring.
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PMID:[Reparative processes in peptic ulcer (clinico-morphologic study)]. 760 21

A two-year endoscopic follow-up study of 45 gastric ulcer patients was conducted in order to ascertain the relationship between Helicobacter pylori infection, the transformation of ulcer scar patterns, and ulcer relapse during maintenance therapy. Endoscopic findings of gastric ulcer scar patterns, which established the quality of ulcer scars, were classified as follows: Sa, with a central depression, Sb, with a coarse regenerating mucosal pattern up to the center, and Sc, with a fine pattern. The proportion of ulcer relapses was 62% among 29 H. pylori-positive patients and 0% among 16 H. pylori-negative patients. In regard to the relationship between H. pylori infection and scar patterns, 94% of the H. pylori-negative patients displayed Sc scar patterns, while all the H. pylori-positive patients showed various scar patterns, ie, Sa in 38%, Sb in 28%, and Sc in 10%. Ulcer relapses in the H. pylori-positive cases were limited to the Sa and Sb groups (100% and 88%, respectively). In conclusion, our results indicate that H. pylori infection plays an important role in the transformation of the ulcer scar patterns which relate to ulcer relapse.
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PMID:An endoscopic study on relationship between Helicobacter pylori infection and endoscopic gastric ulcer scars. 772 69

The concept that stress and personality are associated with ulcer is widely held by lay persons and to some extent by the medical community. By means of epidemiological techniques and more precise terminology, the role of psychosomatic factors in ulcer disease has been more clearly defined. Regarding acute stress, the number of events experienced and the change and distress they are purported to produce has been found to be similar in ulcer patients and their controls matched on age, sex, and social class. However, chronic difficulties, i.e., events or circumstances that have persisted for > or = 6 months, are twice as common in duodenal ulcer patients as in controls. Events, either acute or chronic, are more strongly associated with duodenal ulcer if they contain a component involving personal threat or goal frustration. Associations that have been found between acute or chronic stress and duodenal ulcer have been relatively weak, with odds ratios of 2 to 3. For some patients, it is possible that depression and social incongruity may have played some role in initiating ulcer disease. Personality studies have shown that ulcer patients are more neurotic than controls, but the difference is small and there is no evidence to indicate an ulcer personality. As regards both stress and personality, gastric ulcer patients do not differ from duodenal ulcer patients.
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PMID:Stress and personality in patients with chronic peptic ulcer. 828 Feb 51

A retrospective study of 200 endoscopies performed on 168 children (90 girls and 78 boys) aged 3 months to 18 years (median 6 years) is reported. All procedures were completed successfully in an adult endoscopy unit in a comprehensive health centre. Most children of less than 6 months and above 12 years of age needed no intravenous sedation. One child developed respiratory depression and was successfully resuscitated. Indications for endoscopy were: small intestinal biopsy, 78 (46%); recurrent abdominal pain, 40 (24%); acute epigastric pain, 13 (8%); persistent vomiting, 12 (7%); haemorrhage, 10 (6%); caustic substance ingestion, six (4%); and dysphagia, four (2%) children. Positive diagnoses were obtained in 123 (62%) procedures. Coeliac disease (26 cases) was the most common histological diagnosis, followed by gastritis (19 cases), oesophagitis (18 cases), duodenitis (16 cases), duodenal ulcer (11 cases), hiatus hernia (six cases), gastric ulcer (three cases) and oesophageal stricture (two cases). Where specialized paediatric endoscopy units are not feasible, e.g. in developing countries, endoscopic services for children can be safely provided by paediatric endoscopists as part of an adult endoscopy service, provided that suitable resuscitation equipment is available and the necessary modifications to meet the medical and psychological needs of children and their parents are taken into consideration.
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PMID:Paediatric upper gastro-intestinal endoscopy in developing countries. 898 32

Between January 1985 and September 1994, 21 patients with psychiatric disorders underwent various forms of surgery at our hospital. There were 12 men and 9 women with an average age of 57.6 years. The coexisting psychiatric disorders were schizophrenia in 15 patients, depression in 2, dementia in 2, mental retardation with epilepsy in 1, and Parkinson's disease in 1. All the patients had been receiving neuroleptic medications for a long period. The indications for surgery were: cholelithiasis in 6 patients, acute appendicitis in 4, perforation of the small intestine in 3, incarceration of an inguinal hernia in 2, and esophageal cancer, stomach cancer, bleeding from a gastric ulcer, perforation of a duodenal ulcer, strangulating ileus, and burns in 1 patient each, respectively. All of the patients who underwent elective surgery were given epidural anesthesia with or without general anesthesia. Antipsychotic medications were given until just prior to surgery and recommenced concurrent with the first meal. Abnormal behavior was observed in 11 patients (52.4%) postoperatively, but all the patients were discharged in accordance with recovery from their surgical disorder. Intra- and postoperative hypotension resistant to intravenous catecholamine administration was recognized in 9 patients (42.9%), and this peculiar complication should be borne in mind when patients with psychiatric disorders require surgical management.
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PMID:Surgical treatment of patients with psychiatric disorders: a review of 21 patients. 913 Mar 38

To determine the effect of Helicobacter pylori eradication on the healing of gastric ulcers, endoscopic examinations of gastric ulcer scars and ulcer relapse after eradication therapies or antisecretory therapy were carried out in 24 H. pylori-positive patients with recurrent gastric ulcers located in the gastric angle. Sixteen patients were initially treated with 2-week triple eradication therapy. Subsequently, seven of eight noneradicated cases were retreated with triple therapy, which included metronidazole. Eight patients received antisecretory monotherapy. Endoscopic examinations were performed at 4 weeks and 6 months after the treatments. Gastric ulcer scars were classified endoscopically into three types: Sa, a central depression surrounded by a coarse pattern: Sb, a coarse regenerated pattern; and Sc, a fine pattern indicating matured scar of high quality. Transformations of the scar patterns and ulcer relapse were assessed in 19 patients who showed an ulcer scar at 4 weeks after initial therapy. Thirteen cases in which H. pylori was successfully eradicated, either after initial or re-eradication therapies, mainly showed Sc scars and had no ulcer relapse. Sa scar was mainly observed during H. pylori-positive conditions. Transformation from the Sa to the Sc was observed after successful re-eradication. Ulcer relapses occurred in three patients who showed Sa scar after antisecretory therapy. Although a random study would be needed to obtain a definite conclusion, we suspect that the H. pylori-negative condition after eradication therapies may result in good ulcer healing and may subsequently reduce ulcer relapse.
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PMID:Preliminary clinical study on gastric ulcer scars and ulcer relapses after Helicobacter pylori eradication therapy. 947 53

Anchusa strigosa Banks et Sol (Boraginaceae) root extracts (ASRE) were prepared by soaking the dry material in boiling water. The clear soluble extract was dried and found to be 0.238 g/g dry roots. A gastric ulcer was induced in fastened animals by oral ingestion of ethanol. Administration of 0.080 g of ASRE prior to ethanol ingestion protected the stomach of the rat from ulcer formation. The ulcer index values, expressed as a percentage of total stomach surface area affected by the ulcer, were lowered from 34.0+/-4.0 to 6.0+/-0.7 and 32.5+/-9.4 to 2.2+/-1.4 by the morphometric and the planimetric methods, respectively. Treatment of the induced ulcer in guinea pigs was achieved by oral administration of ASRE at the therapeutic dose of extract of 0.286 g/kg body weight/day for 24 days. The intraperitoneal LD50 of ASRE in mice was 0.080 g extract/kg body weight. Replacing water intake by ASRE at 75 ml of variable extract concentrations of 2.865, 3.57 and 4.284 g/l per animal per day for 90 days showed no histopathological changes in all organs of the rat. However, a clear depression effect on the central nervous system and anemia were observed particularly with extract of 3.57 g/l or more.
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PMID:Effects of Anchusa strigosa root aqueous extract on gastric ethanol-induced ulcer in laboratory animals. 961 32

Siotone (ST) is a herbal formulation comprising of Withania somnifera, Ocimum sanctum, Asparagus racemosus, Tribulus terristris and shilajit, all of which are classified in Ayurveda as rasayanas which are reputed to promote physical and mental health, improve defence mechanisms of the body and enhance longevity. These attributes are similar to the modern concept of adaptogenic agents, which are, known to afford protection of the human physiological system against diverse stressors. The present study was undertaken to investigate the adaptogenic activity of ST against chronic unpredictable, but mild, footshock stress induced perturbations in behaviour (depression), glucose metabolism, suppressed male sexual behaviour, immunosuppression and cognitive dysfunction in CF strain albino rats. Gastric ulceration, adrenal gland and spleen weights, ascorbic acid and corticosterone concentrations of adrenal cortex, and plasma corticosterone levels, were used as the stress indices. Panax ginseng (PG) was used as the standard adaptogenic agent for comparison. Additionally, rat brain levels of tribulin, an endogenous endocoid postulated to be involved in stress, were also assessed in terms of endogenous monoamine oxidase (MAO) A and MAOB inhibitory activity. Chronic unpredictable footshock induced marked gastric ulceration, significant increase in adrenal gland weight and plasma corticosterone levels, with concomitant decreases in spleen weight, and concentrations of adrenal gland ascorbic acid and corticosterone. These effects were attenuated by ST (50 and 100 mg/kg, p.o.) and PG (100 mg/kg, p.o.), administered once daily over a period of 14 days, the period of stress induction. Chronic stress also induced glucose intolerance, suppressed male sexual behaviour, induced behavioural depression (Porsolt's swim despair test and learned helplessness test) and cognitive dysfunction (attenuated retention of learning in active and passive avoidance tests), and immunosuppression (leucocyte migration inhibition and sheep RBC challenged increase in paw oedema in sensitized rats). All these chronic stress-induced perturbations were attenuated, dose-dependently by ST (50 and 100 mg/kg, p.o.) and PG (100 mg/kg, p.o.). Chronic stress-induced increase in rat brain tribulin activity was also reversed by these doses of ST and by PG. The results indicate that ST has significant adaptogenic activity, qualitatively comparable to PG, against a variety of behavioural, biochemical and physiological perturbations induced by unpredictable stress, which has been proposed to be a better indicator of clinical stress than acute stress parameters. The likely contribution of the individual constituents of ST in the observed adaptogenic action of the polyherbal formulation, have been discussed.
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PMID:Adaptogenic activity of Siotone, a polyherbal formulation of Ayurvedic rasayanas. 1121 27


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