Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0011570 (depression)
 172,036 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Cervical subluxation and compressive myelopathy appears to be a cause of morbidity and mortality in captive Komodo dragons (Varanus komodoensis). Four cases of cervical subluxation resulting in nerve root compression or spinal cord compression were identified. Three were presumptively induced by trauma, and one had an unknown inciting cause. Two dragons exhibited signs of chronic instability. Cervical vertebrae affected included C1-C4. Clinical signs on presentation included ataxia, ambulatory paraparesis or tetraparesis to tetraplegia, depression to stupor, cervical scoliosis, and anorexia. Antemortem diagnosis of compression was only confirmed with magnetic resonance imaging or computed tomography. Treatment ranged from supportive care to attempted surgical decompression. All dragons died or were euthanatized, at 4 days to 12 mo postpresentation. Studies to define normal vertebral anatomy in the species are necessary to determine whether the pathology is linked to cervical malformation, resulting in ligament laxity, subsequent instability, and subluxation.
 ...
PMID:Compressive myelopathy of the cervical spine in Komodo dragons (Varanus komodoensis). 1936 65

Health-Related Quality of Life (HRQoL) assessments in spinal disease offer the potential of outcome measures that better represent patients' disability and response to treatment. The Short Form 36 Health Survey (SF-36) is a generic HRQoL questionnaire that has been extensively used in primary and secondary care, but before it can be routinely applied in patients with spinal disease must be validated against traditional specific measures of physical and mental morbidity. Patients with lumbar disc prolapse, lumbar canal stenosis, and cervical spondylotic radiculomyelopathy were identified from a prospectively maintained database. Visual Analogue Scales (VAS) and condition-specific questionnaires including the Roland Morris Disability Score (RMDS), Myelopathy Disability Index (MDI), and Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scales (HADS), were completed alongside the SF-36 survey at baseline and following surgery. Convergent, discriminant, and predictive validity were assessed by computing correlations between the specific and generic scores. In addition, responsiveness (Standardised Response Mean, SRM) and floor and ceiling effects were examined. Data from 1623 assessments of 620 patients were available. Convergent validity was shown by strong correlations between condition-specific physical scores (MDI or RMDS) and the Physical Function and Bodily Pain domains of SF-36 (rho = -0.52 to -0.76, all p < 0.01). VAS for leg or arm pain were also strongly correlated with Bodily Pain domain scores (rho = -0.54 to -0.77, all p < 0.01). Discriminant validity was confirmed by non-significant partial correlations between Physical Function and Mental Health SF-36 domains when controlled for HADS scores (r = -0.01 to 0.02, p > 0.05). Predictive validity was demonstrated by similar correlations between pre- and post-operative scores for specific and generic instruments. Physical Function, Bodily Pain, and Mental Health domains were all free of significant floor or ceiling effects and showed moderate to good responsiveness (SRM 0.54-1.72). SF-36 domain scores are valid for measuring morbidity and surgical outcomes in common spinal disorders.
 ...
PMID:The Short Form 36 health survey in spine disease--validation against condition-specific measures. 1963 11

Psychological factors are deemed important when considering patients for suitability for Spinal Cord Stimulation (SCS). However, there is to date no consensus on which psychological characteristics or tests to undertake. This review analyses the literature to determine findings concerning the psychological characteristics observed and their impact on SCS efficacy for chronic pain. A search in the databases Cochrane, EBSCOhost (CINAHL, MEDLINE, PsycINFO and PsycARTICLES) and a hand search of reference lists from selected articles were performed, resulting in nine relevant articles. The Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory was the most commonly used tool for assessing psychological factors. Only one study used a semi-structured interview instead of questionnaires. Studies lacked long term followup. Depression was identified in six studies as a factor that reduces efficacy, also as a characteristic that can improve after successful SCS by two studies. One study did not include patients with depression, due to previous research indicating depression as a contra-indication. Hypochondriasis and hysteria had conflicting results for prediction of efficacy. Mania was predicted by only two studies as a positive indicator for success. Further long term studies of psychological factors on outcome from SCS are needed.
 ...
PMID:A systematic literature review of psychological characteristics as determinants of outcome for spinal cord stimulation therapy. 2060 26

This ex post factor study is within the framework of studies dealing with the psychological aspects involved in the rehabilitation of people with physical handicaps from the perspective of gender. From this perspective, the study focuses on comparing and studying the differences between men and women using the EMELM Scale (Multidimensional Evaluative Scale for People with Spinal Cord Injury). Participants were 143 people -99 men and 44 women- with spinal cord injuries. The results showed no differences as a result of gender in any of the following psychological variables related to the spinal cord injury adjustment process: extraversion-neuroticism, motivation and anxiety, locus of control, current coping strategies, remembrance of coping strategies and depression. The implications of these results for future research are discussed.
 ...
PMID:[Spinal cord injured people: differences in psychological variables from a gender perspective]. 2104 94

Spinal Cord Injury, as an illness, is catastrophic, chronic and at times terminal, leading to overwhelming psycho-social decompensation. One is concerned with physical realities, pain, paralysis, and impotency as well as with tasks and goals in patients' life. A study of psychological consequences and mental morbidity was observed in twenty persons affected with spinal cord injury over three months to twelve years. Eight of twenty patients presented with neurotic disorders, five with intense depression, four with depersonalization, and four with paranoid states in various phases. Impaired social adjustment was observed in five patients. Like the fabulous 'Phoenix' rising out of its own ashes, three patients turned supportive to others in similar situations transcending emotional, physical and social disability.
 ...
PMID:A study on emotional aspects of spinal cord injury. 2177 70

PURPOSE: To identify the relationship of race and gender with 3 aspects of life satisfaction and depressive symptoms after spinal cord injury (SCI), evaluating the extent to which socioeconomic factors mediate any observed relationships. METHODS: Adults with traumatic SCI of at least 1-year duration (N = 1,549) were identified through a Southeastern United States SCI Model System of care, and cross-sectional survey data were collected at a Southeastern United States medical university. Three aspects of life satisfaction (home life satisfaction, vocational satisfaction, global satisfaction) were measured using 20 satisfaction items from the Life Situation Questionnaire-Revised. The Older Adult Health and Mood Questionnaire measured depressive symptoms. MANCOVA assessed mediation of socioeconomic status between race and life satisfaction and depression. RESULTS: Home life satisfaction and vocational satisfaction were significantly related to race, with White participants scoring higher than Black participants during the first stage of the regression. However, socioeconomic factors mediated the relationships such that race was no longer significant after considering economic factors. Race was significantly associated with global satisfaction after adjusting for socioeconomic factors. Depression was not significantly related to race. Gender was unrelated to all study outcomes. Of the socioeconomic mediators, family income was a significant predictor of each outcome, whereas education was only predictive of vocational satisfaction. CONCLUSION: Socioeconomic factors are important mediators of the relationship between race and certain aspects of life satisfaction among persons with SCI. Family income and, to a lesser extent, education should be considered when evaluating race differences in life satisfaction after SCI.
Top Spinal Cord Inj Rehabil 2012
PMID:Racial Disparities in Depression and Life Satisfaction After Spinal Cord Injury: A Mediational Model. 2310 15

Persons with spinal cord injury (SCI) have secondary medical consequences of paralysis and/or the consequences of extreme inactivity. The metabolic changes that result from reduced activity include insulin resistance with carbohydrate disorders and dyslipidemia. A higher prevalence of coronary artery calcification was found in persons with SCI than that in matched able-bodied controls. A depression in anabolic hormones, circulating testosterone and growth hormone, has been described. Adverse soft tissue body composition changes of increased adiposity and reduced skeletal muscle are appreciated. Immobilization is the cause for sublesional disuse osteoporosis with an associated increased risk of fragility fracture. Bowel dysmotility affects all segments of the gastrointestinal tract, with an interest in better defining and addressing gastroesophageal reflux disease and difficulty with evacuation. Developing and testing more effective approaches to cleanse the bowel for elective colonoscopy are being evaluated. The extent of respiratory dysfunction depends on the level and completeness of SCI. Individuals with higher spinal lesions have both restrictive and obstructive airway disease. Pharmacological approaches and expiratory muscle training are being studied as interventions to improve pulmonary function and cough strength with the objective of reducing pulmonary complications. Persons with spinal lesions above the 6th thoracic level lack both cardiac and peripheral vascular mechanisms to maintain blood pressure, and they are frequently hypotensive, with even worse hypotension with upright posture. Persistent and/or orthostatic hypotension may predispose those with SCI to cognitive impairments. The safety and efficacy of anti-hypotensive agents to normalize blood pressure in persons with higher level cord lesions is being investigated.
Top Spinal Cord Inj Rehabil 2012
PMID:31st g. Heiner sell lectureship: secondary medical consequences of spinal cord injury. 2345 98

The neurologic events related to antiretroviral therapy (ART) in HIV-infected ART-naive patients are relatively common. Side effects of ART and complications of HIV infection may overlap significantly. Establishing etiology of neurologic (neuropathy and neuropathic pain, changes in cognition, dementia, and myelopathy) and psychiatric (neurocognitive disorders, depression, anxiety, substance abuse and dependence, and others) complications can present a significant challenge. It has long been documented that neurologic and psychological side effects can occur with many of the agents used to treat HIV infection. Particularly, efavirenz from the non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NNRTI) has been associated with neurologic and psychological complaints that may be difficult to differentiate from pre-existing mental illness, substance abuse, and HIV-related neuropsychiatric symptoms. Peripheral neuropathy (PN) of at least 6 different types is a well-known adverse effect of treatment with nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTIs) in HIV-infected patients. Lack of dealing with early stages of neurologic and psychological side effects of HIV infection and Highly Active Anti-retroviral Therapy (HAART) are observed in daily practice. The purpose of this article is to identify the neurologic, neuropsychiatric and psychiatric complications related to HIV and anti-retroviral therapy, to discuss current knowledge about these disorders, and to suggest strategies for their diagnosis and management.
...
PMID:Neuropathic and neurocongnitive complications of antiretroviral therapy among HIV-infected patients. 2401 99

Disorders of the adrenal glands frequently have secondary neurological manifestations, while some diseases that involve the central nervous system are accompanied by adrenal gland dysfunction. Excessive corticosteroid secretions in primary or secondary Cushing's syndrome causes muscle weakness and behavioral disturbances, such as emotional lability and sometimes depression, while adrenal insufficiency may cause fatigue, weakness, and depression. Adrenoleukodystrophy and adrenoneuromyelopathy are X-linked recessive disorders of the metabolism of very long chain fatty acids that manifest with white matter abnormalities of the brain, myelopathy and/or neuropathy, as well as adrenal insufficiency. Other disorders of the adrenal glands include hyperaldosteroidism, which may cause weakness from hypokalemia. Dysfunction of the adrenal medulla causes excessive or deficient secretion of catecholamines, primarily causing cardiovascular symptoms. This chapter reviews the clinical manifestations and diagnostic aspects and treatment of the various disorders of the adrenal glands. Some of the congenital adrenal diseases are also discussed.
...
PMID:Neurologic complications of disorders of the adrenal glands. 2436 50

Objective/background In patients with spinal cord injury (SCI), SCI causes psychosocial complications that vary based on culture, conditions, and the amenities of each community. Health planners and social services should have full knowledge of these issues in order to plan schedules that address them. In this study, we aimed to understand the psychosocial problems of persons with SCI in Iran and to explore the requirements for minimizing these difficulties. Design This was a descriptive cross-sectional study. Setting Brain and Spinal Cord Injury Research (BASIR) Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Participants One hundred nineteen persons with SCI referred to BASIR clinic to receive outpatient rehabilitation. Methods In this study, trained interviewers administered a questionnaire to the participants. The questionnaire consisted of socio-demographic variables and psychosocial questions about finances, employment, housing, education, and social communication problems. Results Psychosocial problems for persons with SCI are mainly associated with financial hardship due to unemployment and the high cost of living, followed by difficulties with transportation, house modification, education, marriage, social communication, sports, and entertainment. Psychological problems include sadness, depression, irritability/anger, suicidal thoughts, and a lack of self-confidence. The levels of the aforementioned problems differ with respect to sex. Conclusion Persons suffering from SCI can face some serious psychosocial problems that may vary according to sex. For example, transportation difficulties can lead to problems such as unsociability. After recognizing these problems, the next step would be providing services to facilitate a productive lifestyle, enhancing social communication and psychological health, and ultimately creating a higher quality of life.
J Spinal Cord Med 2014 May
PMID:Psychosocial outcomes following spinal cord injury in Iran. 2462 Oct 45


<< Previous 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Next >>