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Query: UMLS:C0011570 (depression)
 172,036 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

We screened 147 primary care patients for depression using depression rating scales and a psychiatric interview. In the one year after screening, the patients with depression visited and phoned their physicians more frequently and had more medical evaluations than the nondepressed control group. The patients with depression were more likely to have nonspecific or vague complaints and psychophysiologic or depressive symptoms than the control group; their family physicians during this same period were more likely to diagnose a psychophysiologic problem.
West J Med 1986 May
PMID:Depression--medical utilization and somatization. 371 16

To evaluate the care given by internists in group practices at 16 academic medical centers to patients who used minor tranquilizers or antidepressants, data were abstracted from medical records and compared with specific criteria for quality care.Of 1,532 continuing care patients, 18% used minor tranquilizers and 7% used antidepressants. Almost 90% of antidepressants were prescribed for depression and 50% of minor tranquilizers were prescribed for mental health problems. The group practice internists performed well on concrete aspects of care, such as avoiding giving minor tranquilizers intravenously or intramuscularly and scheduling follow-up visits. Relatively few patients, however, had an adequate treatment plan noted in the chart. About 25% of users of minor tranquilizers did not have an acceptable indication for the drug noted in the chart. Less than 10% of users of minor tranquilizers had a plan for discontinuing the drug use; yet, 35% had long-term regular use.
West J Med 1986 Nov
PMID:Quality of care for psychotropic drug use in internal medicine group practices. 379 26

The relationships between various measures of faecal egg output and hookworm burdens were investigated in 84 villagers from West Bengal with mixed Necator americanus and Ancylostoma duodenale infections. The pattern of day to day variability in egg counts from individuals can be characterized by the linear relationship between the logarithms of the variances and means. Egg output is shown to be non-periodic in long runs of day-to-day records. The distribution of worm numbers per host is well described by the negative binomial probability model, and the relationship between per capita egg output and worm burden is non-linear where egg output declines as parasite burden rises. Density-dependent effects on fecundity are shown to act at comparatively low worm burdens in relation to the range of observed parasite loads. Egg output measures are shown to be qualitative as opposed to quantitative measures of worm burdens as a consequence of inherent sampling heterogeneity and variability induced by biological processes, such as density-dependent depression of parasite fecundity. The analyses suggest that it is possible, on the basis of egg counts, to discriminate between individuals with low and high hookworm burdens. The intrinsic per capita fecundities of the two species of hookworms are shown to be similar, but density-dependent constraints on egg production by N. americanus appear to be more severe than those acting on A. duodenale. This observation may help explain why A. duodenale appears to produce larger numbers of eggs per unit of time than N. americanus. The regulatory role of density-dependent fecundity and aggregated distributions of worm numbers per person are discussed in relation to the over-all transmission dynamics of hookworm parasites.
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PMID:Hookworm burdens and faecal egg counts: an analysis of the biological basis of variation. 383 93

We have prepared and characterized semisynthetic [GlyA1-3H]insulin. The preparation was carried out at specific radioactivities ranging from 1Ci/mmol to 44Ci/mmol. The largest quantity prepared in any one synthesis was 3.5 mCi. Chemical degradation showed that the label was in its expected position in the molecule. The semisynthetic product behaved authentically on reversed-phase h.p.l.c. and radioimmunoassay. It gave the expected profiles of biological activity as regards depression of blood sugar concentration in rats and stimulation of conversion of glucose into lipid in isolated rat fat-cells. We discuss some applications for which this tracer would be particularly suited. An expanded version of this paper, containing full experimental details of the semisynthesis and characterization of [GlyA1-3H]insulin, has been deposited as Supplementary Publication SUP 50129 (30 pages) at the British Library (Lending Division), Boston Spa, Wetherby, West Yorkshire LS23 7BQ, U.K., from whom copies can be obtained on the terms indicated in Biochem. J. (1985) 225, 5.
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PMID:The preparation of tritiated insulin specifically labelled by semisynthesis at glycine-A1. 390 41

While domestic pets are capable of transmitting disease and inflicting injury, they may also be of benefit to human health. Studies suggest that companion animals, in addition to their well-known role as helpers to the handicapped, may alleviate depression, solace the lonely, facilitate psycho-therapy, socialize criminals, lower blood pressure, increase survivorship from myocardial infarction and ease the social pain of aging in our society.
West J Med 1986 Jan
PMID:The therapeutic value of pets. 395 64

In a prospective survey for changes in emotions and attitudes of all medical interns of The Oregon Health Sciences University (N = 22) at six intervals during the 1982-1983 academic year, both positive and negative emotional changes were noted. Satisfaction with the decision to become a physician decreased during the period, a change that correlated directly with depression and fatigue and inversely with excitement and importance.
West J Med 1986 Jan
PMID:The internship--a prospective investigation of emotions and attitudes. 395 83

This study compares the responses to a self-report depression inventory administered to a sample of 243 Saudi and American expatriate psychiatric outpatients of a large Eastern Province medical centre in Saudi Arabia. The inventory was developed by Beck et al. (1961), and the Arabic language form was validated by West and Al-Kaisi (1982). A Kruskal-Wallis statistical analysis revealed that American male patients tended to be more depressed than American female patients, Saudi female patients reported "depression scores" higher than those of Saudi male patients, and Saudi patients overall reported higher "depression scores" than American patients participating in the same study. The highest and lowest significant response frequencies for Saudis were: Pessimism (H = 74.26) and Hypochondria (H = 17.13); for Americans: Indecisiveness (H = 25.57) and Self-Image (H = 7.85). (Statistical significance when H = 7.82, p less than .05; H = 16.27, p less than .001; df = 3). Although explanations are offered, the appearance of psychopathology as designated by this cross-cultural scale requires further cultural examination.
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PMID:Comparison of depressive symptomatology between Saudi and American psychiatric outpatients in an Eastern Province medical center, Saudi Arabia. 404 58

Dementia affects an estimated 5 percent of the population 65 years of age and older, with 20 percent being affected at 75 years or older. Although the most common forms, primary degenerative and multi-infarct dementia, currently lack specific treatments, it is estimated that a thorough diagnostic evaluation will uncover a treatable cause in 10 percent to 20 percent. The differential diagnosis includes benign senescent forgetfulness, depression, adjustment disorder, paranoid states, amnestic syndrome, delirium, drug effects, systemic illnesses and intracranial conditions. The approach to each patient involves a history, physical examination, mental status evaluation and laboratory tests that focus on identifying treatable conditions. When no specific treatments are available, however, symptomatic treatments, including pharmacotherapy, environmental management, family supports and psychotherapy, can offer relief for both patients and their families and improve the daily functioning of the elderly patient with dementia.
West J Med 1981 Dec
PMID:Diagnosis and treatment of dementia in the aged. 612 26

A study conducted at a Veterans Administration teaching hospital in West Los Angeles, in which terminally ill cancer patients were randomly assigned to receive hospice or conventional care, suggests that hospice care offers little substantive difference from conventional terminal care in cost or effectiveness. Outcomes were similar for both groups regarding pain, costs, length of hospital stay, survival curves, use of major surgical procedures and chemotherapy, and activities-of-daily-life scores. However, hospice patients experienced significantly less depression and expressed more satisfaction with care. The authors recommend that hospice care should be available as a matter of choice. They conclude that conventional care may have improved because the hospice movement has sensitized practitioners to earlier inadequacies.
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PMID:A randomised controlled trial of hospice care. 614 95

Fibrositis is a misnomer for a very common form of nonarticular rheumatism. The name implies an inflammatory process in fibroconnective tissue which has never been verified. The symptoms of fibrositis are ill-defined musculoskeletal pain made worse by stress, cold, noise and unaccustomed exercise; there is usually a significant element of depression, nonrestorative sleep, chronic fatigue and early morning stiffness. Results of physical examination are strikingly normal, apart from painful tender spots which are remarkably consistent in location from patient to patient. It is important to realize that fibrositis can complicate diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis and systemic lupus erythematosus, where its prompt recognition is essential in averting inappropriate medication. Drug therapy alone is seldom effective in alleviating symptoms; a carefully planned education program is necessary to readjust both psyche and soma.
West J Med 1981 May
PMID:Fibrositis: misnomer for a common rheumatic disorder. 616 73


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