Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0011570 (depression)
 172,036 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Many population-based surveys have reported that the prevalence of poor sleep increases with age. Despite the uniformity of findings, it remains unclear to what extent age-related declines in overall physical health are related to those results. One approach to this problem has been to adjust for such confounding variables multivariately. Some prior studies using this approach have not shown the expected age-related increases in the prevalence of poor sleep. Another approach has been the study of sleep in carefully screened, healthy populations. The current study reports the prevalence of disturbed sleep in a population, ages 50-65, carefully screened for physical health as part of an ongoing study of exercise and cardiovascular function. The prevalence of self-reported trouble falling asleep every night or almost every night (1.1% M, 2.6% F), trouble awakening and returning back to sleep (4.4% M, 3.3% F), and use of hypnotic medication at least twice a week (1.6% M, 2.6% F) were consistently lower than in nearly all previous population-based studies of individuals of comparable age. This implies that when overall physical health factors are taken into account a decline in sleep quality is not necessarily an inevitable component of aging per se. As has been shown in other studies, there were small but statistically significant relationships between self-reported depression and poor sleep. Despite the low prevalence of poor sleep, about a third of the population reported feeling not well-rested and/or not getting the sleep they required. The individuals in this study also reported obtaining significantly less sleep relative to normative data from 30 years ago.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:Prevalence of self-reported poor sleep in a healthy population aged 50-65. 173 56

A consecutive series of patients with Parkinson's disease (PD) were examined for the presence of sleep disturbances, pain, and depression. We found that patients with PD and major depression had significantly more sleep disturbances and severe pain than non-depressed patients with PD. Moreover, depression scores accounted for most of the variance in a stepwise regression analysis of the effect of numerous clinical variables on either sleep disorders or pain severity. These findings suggest that depression is the most important factor associated with the common problems of sleep disorder and pain among patients with PD.
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PMID:Sleep disorders, pain, and depression in Parkinson's disease. 175 57

A cross-sectional study of insomnia and hypnotic use was performed in a sample of the French population. The quota method was used to select the sample of 1,003 subjects, with less than 3% substitution. Subjects were 15 years old and older and were representative of the French population based on gender, age, marital status and living environment. Subjects were asked questions relevant to the complaint of insomnia and hypnotic use and filled out questionnaires measuring anxiety and depression. The complaint of insomnia is common, even in the 15-24-year-old group. Overall, more women than men were afflicted. The largest group of insomniac subjects, and the group who most often used hypnotics "frequently and chronically", were women 45 years and older. Men presented a sharp increase in hypnotic use after 65 years of age. Ten percent of the entire sample used hypnotics, 8% for more than 6 months and 6.17% on a chronic and frequent basis. Retired and unemployed elderly were also chronic and frequent hypnotic users: aging and social isolation correlate with chronic and frequent hypnotic usage. Higher scores on anxiety and depression scales correlate with more frequent complaints of nocturnal sleep disturbances. Young individuals are a significant complainer group but use hypnotics rarely. A rural environment was associated, overall, with fewer insomnia complaints, but environment had much less impact on complaints and hypnotic use in the elderly than in other age groups. One may question whether, in the French population, hypnotic prescription and intake are not responses to a social rather than a medical problem.
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PMID:Insomnia and use of hypnotics: study of a French population. 175 90

In an open, multicentre study, transdermal administration of oestradiol (E2) by means of skin patches was investigated in a Finnish patient population suffering from typical post-menopausal symptoms. A total of 249 women applied a patch twice weekly for 6 months. Whereas 85% of the subjects were experiencing hot flushes and 83.5% sweating before therapy, only 5.7% and 11.8%, respectively, reported these symptoms at the end of the trial. Furthermore, 97.6%, 95.7% and 94.8% of the subjects reported that depression, headache and sleep disturbances, respectively, had disappeared during therapy. Skin irritation occurred in 18.2% of these predominantly fair-skinned women. Frequent sauna bathing did not interfere with the patch therapy. General acceptance of the treatment was excellent, 84.8% of the patients completing the treatment, of whom 78% were willing to continue the treatment after the trial. These results show that transdermal administration of E2 is effective in relieving post-menopausal symptoms. Local tolerability was good and the majority of the patients considered the transdermal treatment to be superior to their previous oral replacement therapy.
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PMID:Transdermal oestrogen replacement therapy in a Finnish population. 177 81

Sixty-three women with clinical and urodynamic evidence of stress incontinence were evaluated before and after incontinence surgery for symptoms of depression, nervousness, tension, sleep disturbances, decreased appetite, somatic weakness and headaches. Women treated successfully with surgery demonstrated a statistically significant improvement in their subjective psychologic status (P less than .05). Unsuccessful treatment, however, was not associated with a significant change in or deterioration of their symptoms. All the symptoms were evaluated individually to ascertain the specific effects of treatment. Sleep disturbances were significantly improved with successful treatment and worsened with unsuccessful treatment (P less than .05). Tension was significantly improved with successful therapy (P less than .05) but was unchanged if surgery was unsuccessful. Depression became worse with subjectively unsuccessful surgery. Headaches and appetite were not affected by the therapeutic outcome. Therapy can be instrumental in affecting the psychologic status of women with stress incontinence. If the psychologic disability continues after therapy and/or treatment is unsuccessful, a referral for psychologic evaluation should be considered.
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PMID:Stress incontinence in women. Psychological status before and after treatment. 181 93

In this paper the authors report the results of a cross-over treatment of 79 case of neurosis with vacuum drugs and L-tryptophan. The therapeutic effects were evaluated respectively with four-degree scale and the rating scales of SCL-90. Sleep vs. Sleep disturbance self-checklist. Side effects were evaluated with TESS. The data show that treatment of L-tryptophan 3.0g/day for six weeks. Rate of marked improvement is 58.2%, effective rate is 91.1%. It is concluded that the effects of hypnosis and sedation are mild side effects only. Using L-tryptophan the therapeutic effects which concern somatization depression anxiety, phobia, compulsion, are analysed and discussed.
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PMID:[A self body double blind clinical study of L-tryptophan and placebo in treated neurosis]. 186 Mar 85

The present study sought to relate the well-being of night workers to that of the working population in general. One hundred and ninety-seven male permanent night security guards were interviewed with regard to the occurrence of various symptoms during the previous 12-month period. The results were compared with the results from similar interviews with a representative national sample of males (n = 1769) in the Swedish workforce. An age standardized morbidity ratio was computed with control for various background variables. The results showed that the security guards had a 2-3 times higher occurrence of sleep disturbances and fatigue than the national sample. Among the variables not differing from the national sample were gastrointestinal problems, headache, nervous problems, depression, nausea, diarrhoea, and haemorrhoids. It was concluded that sleep/wake disturbances are considerably more usual in permanent night security guards than in the working population as a whole.
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PMID:Self-reported health and well-being amongst night security guards: a comparison with the working population. 188 8

Age differences in depressive symptom experiences were investigated in a community sample of 368 women between the ages of 51 and 92 who were administered the SCL-90 Depression and Additional Symptoms Scales. Confirmatory factor analysis was used to assess and compare depressive symptom experiences in a younger (age 51-65) and older (age 66-92) age cohort. Findings show that two somewhat different depressive syndromes underlie symptom reporting patterns, one having higher levels in the older age cohort, the other having higher levels in the younger age cohort. In addition, three more delimited forms of distress -- feelings of enervation, dysphoria, and sleep disturbances -- show higher levels among the older cohort. Implications of these findings for future research on the relation between aging and depression are discussed.
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PMID:Age differences in depressive symptom experiences. 189 Feb 89

Designer drugs, chemically altered compounds derived from federally controlled substances, have become a major cause of addiction and overdose deaths. These drugs include mescaline analogs, synthetic opioids, arylhexylamines, methaqualone derivatives and crack, a new form of cocaine. Sudden changes in mood, weight loss, depression, disturbed sleep patterns, deteriorating school or work performance, marital problems, and loss of interest in friends and social activities may be signs of drug addiction. Life-threatening complications of acute intoxication, such as hyperthermia, seizures, combative and psychotic behavior, and cardiorespiratory collapse, require prompt diagnosis and supportive intervention.
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PMID:Substance abuse: the designer drugs. 202 Nov 4

N = 53 inpatients with major depressive disorder have been treated with the reversible, selective MAO-A-inhibitors moclobemide (double-blind versus maprotiline) and brofaromine (open study), respectively. Clinically, significant improvement of depression and an activating profile of action could be observed, typical side effects were sleep disturbances, agitation and weight loss. The neurobiochemical data showed an increase of noradrenaline plasma concentrations under treatment with moclobemide. Visual reaction times improved with antidepressant treatment. MAO-A inhibitors proved to be effective antidepressants in the treatment of hospitalized patients with predominantly endogenous depressions.
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PMID:Clinical, biochemical and psychometric findings with the new MAO-A-inhibitors moclobemide and brofaromine in patients with major depressive disorder. 208 89


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